For the first time in modem history, less than half of the U.S. adult population now reads literature, according to a recent survey. Reading at Risk: A Survey of Literary Reading in America presents a detailed review of the decline of reading's role in the nation's culture.

     Reading at Risk is a survey of national fashion in adult literary reading. The data source for Reading at Risk is as reliable and objective (客观的) as any such survey can be. The key results of the survey are presented in the "Summary", but the report can be further explained as: literary reading in America is not only declining rapidly among all groups, but the rate of decline has been speeded up, especially among the young. Reading at Risk merely shows a great cultural change that most Americans have already noted our society's great turn to electronic media for entertainment and information.    

Reading a book requires a degree of active attention and devotion. Indeed, reading itself is a progressive skill that depends on years of education and practice. On the contrary, most electronic media such as television, recordings, and radio make fewer demands on their audiences, and indeed often require no more than passive participation. While oral culture has a rich reality and electronic media offer the considerable advantages of variety, print culture affords irreplaceable forms of focused attention and thought that make various communications and views possible. The decline in reading, therefore, equals a larger retreat (减少) from participation in public and cultural life.

     What is to be done? There is surely no single solution to the present problem, just as there is no single cause. The important thing now is to understand that America can no longer take active and devoted reading for granted.

     Reading is not a timeless, common ability. As more Americans lose this ability, our nation becomes less informed, active, and independent minded. These are not qualities that a free, inventive, or productive society can afford to lose.

59. The main purpose of the survey is to_______.

    A. focus on the role of electronic media and reading

    B. show that American young people read less and less

    C. give a report of the national fashion of literary reading

    D. review that less than half of the population now reads literature

60. According to the passage, reading_______ .

A. requires less attention and devotion  

B. demands no more than passive participation

    C. limits various communications and views

    D. means active participation in public and cultural life

61. The underlined phrase "cultural change" in Paragraph 2 refers to the change________.

   A. from oral culture to electronic media   B. from print culture to electronic media

   C. from electronic media to oral culture   D. from electronic media to print culture

62. The author of the passage_______ .

    A. misunderstands oral culture

    B. doubts the results of the survey

    C. encourages the Americans to read more

    D. agrees to the solution to the present problem in reading

As there is less and less coal and oil, scientists are exploring new ways of making use of ______ energy, such as sunlight, wind and water for power and fuel.

A. primary      B. alternative       C. instant          D. unique

对话填空（共10题，共10分）
P：Peter       J：Jimmy
Peter is talking with Jimmy about the just finished match between L.A Lakers and Miami Heats on Christmas Eve, in 2010
P: Hey, Jimmy, watched the game between Lakers and Heats?
J: Certainly. It was really an 【小题1】a_____ fantastic game. My Heats beat L.A.
P: Your Heats? I remembered you were a fan of the Cavaliers.
J: To be exact, a fan of Lebron James. Since James joined the Heats, I also changed my range, which is undoubtedly logical. By the way, which team do you 【小题2】p_____ will win the title of 【小题3】c_____ this season?
P: I think the Lakers will do
J：I don’t 【小题4】a_____ of you. I strongly believe the title must go to the Heats. As you can see, the present Heats possesses the super “BIG THREE”, James is good at scoring. Wade is an expert in penetration(带球突破) and Chris Bosh can 【小题5】d______ backboard(篮板)
P：Maybe you are right. But I am afraid you 【小题6】l_____ out the 【小题7】e______ element（因素） in winning a basketball game---- team work. After all, basketball is not an 【小题8】i_____ game.
J：Apart from the “BIG Three”, there are quantities of excellent bench players available such as Dampier, Arios Arroyo, Eddie House and so on. I see no reason why the Heats can’t 【小题9】p_____ the NBA
P: I still have a preference for the Lakes. Compared to the Heats, the Lakers has a more mature(成熟的) play. And as long as there is Kobe, there is victory. On the other hand, we should not forget that other teams are making rapid progress like the Thunder led by Kelvin Durant，the Celtics and the Magics. They all have the 【小题10】p____ to challenge our teams.

Few people would question the value of taking part in sports for young people . With proper training , supervision , protective equipment and techniques , and a proper emphasis on winning , sports can develop a healthy body and spirit and a life-long interest in being active and fit . Without such measures , childhood sports can lead to injuries and even paralysis or death .

Even in the best conditions , no activity can be risk-free. But most serious hazards are preventable. Cyclists and football players can reduce their risks by wearing helmets, hockey players by wearing masks；basketball and tennis players by wearing eye guards； baseball players by wearing batting helmets .

Besides, risks to individual players can often be found , and thus prevented , through a properly performed medical exam before a child plays . For accidents that cannot be preventable , having an emergency plan and first-aid equipment , and someone trained to use the equipment, can be lifesaving .

Still , each year , according to the American College of Sports Medicine , more than 775,000 children under 14 are treated in emergency rooms for sports injuries , nearly half of them preventable . An estimated 300,000 athletes experience exercise-related head illnesses each year , and almost all of them should have been avoided .

Further , from half to three-fourths of sports-related concussions（脑震荡）are never even diagnosed ; the injured are often sent back to play too soon and put a risk of another more serious brain-damaging concussion . To help reduce these risks , the National Center for Sports Safety , with the National Athletic Trainers’ Association , offers a three-hour online safety course for coaches for ＄28 at www.SportsSafety.org.

Which of the following is true according to the passage ?

A. All the accidents can be prevented .

B. All the accidents cannot be prevented .

C. Lives can be saved so long as there is proper equipment .

D. Lives cannot be saved even if there is proper equipment .

What does the underlined word “hazards”（in paragraph 2）mean ?

A. mistakes.        B. diseases.        C. dangers.       D. situations.

It is implied in the passage that       .

A. prevention of injuries is not paid enough attention to

B. children under 14 are more easily hurt in sports

C. most head illnesses are related with exercise

D. none of the head illnesses should have happened

根据下列句中的首字母或中文提示写出确当的单词：（5分）
81. The volunteers were kept busy d________ food and drinks to the people affected by the earthquakes.
82. There was a strong wind__________ (伴随) by thunderstorms last night, damaging lots of houses in the district.
83. Now that he a_______ that he had stolen the money, you should forgive him.
84. The tourists were rather satisfied with the restaurant because its _______(菜肴) was excellent.
85. _________(相比较而言) speaking, this part of the coast is much less polluted yet.
86. We would very much a__________ it if you could do us that favor.
87.The final result seems explicit, as there is a _______ (公认的) agreement as to who should become Chairman.
88. Don’t eat anything that will spoil(破坏) your a_______ for dinner.
89. The nurse’s job is to ________(护理) the patients in the hospital.
90. The president’s speech was i__________ by the ringing of his mobile phone.