（2011·安徽卷）B

Think about the different ways that people use the wind. You can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat. Wind is one of our cleanest and richest power sources（来源）, as well as one of the oldest. Evidence shows that windmills（风车）began to be used in ancient Iran back in the seventh century BC. They were first introduced to Europe during the 1100s, when armies returned from the Middle East with knowledge of using wind power.

For many centuries, people used windmills to grind（磨碎）wheat into flour or pump water from deep underground. When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to produce electricity. This allowed them to have electric lights and radio. However, by the 1940s, when electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States, windmills were rarely used.

During the 1970s, people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity. People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever. Then, wind was rediscovered, though it means higher costs. Today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind.

60. From the text we know that windmills              .

A. were invented by European armies

B. have a history of more than 2800 years

C. used to supply power to radio in remote areas

D. have rarely been used since electricity was discovered

61. What was a new use for wind power in the late l9th century?

A. Sailing a boat. 

B. Producing electricity.

C. Grinding wheat into flour.

D. Pumping water from underground.

62. One of the reasons wind was rediscovered in the 1970s is that             .

A. wind power is cleaner

B. it is one of the oldest power sources

C. it was cheaper to create energy from wind

D. the supply of coal and gas failed to meet needs

63. What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?

A. The advantage of wind power.

B. The design of wind power plants.

C. The worldwide movement to save energy.

D. The global trend towards producing power from wind.

【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据末段句子Today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind可知，接下来作者应该谈论利用风能发电的情况，因此选择D项。

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填放空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

Why Cats Scratch Tings

In has long been assumed that when cats scratch objects with their front paws（爪子）that they are sharpening their claws.   1  Research on cat behavior suggests that the major reason for this behavior is communication. By scratching up the bark of a tree (or the leg of your favorite chair) the cat is letting other cats or people know where she is and what she is up to.

Cats tend to pick a small number of noticeable objects in their environments to scratch such as trees, fence posts repeatedly.  2  The scratched surface leaves a highly visible mark that can be easily seen by other cats. In addition, cats have special glands （腺）in their paws so that when they make scratching movements they leave scent（气味）that the cats can smell. The fact that cats leave scent marks by making scratching movements may be the reason that cats will continue to scratch objects even after they have been declawed.  3 

We don’t know exactly what cats are communicating with their scratching. Both males and females do it. It is done inside and outside the home and even by cats living with no other cats around.  4   Cats don’t scratch up your furniture to bother you or just to be destructive, but for specific reasons, one of which is communicating. Cats also scratch to extend their bodies, during play, and possibly as a greeting or to relieve dissatisfaction when prevented from doing other things they want to do.

  5  It is easier to prevent problem scratching rather than trying to change your cat’s preference for the arm of your sofa after it has become a built up habit. Thus, the goal is to establish acceptable scratching habits by getting your cat to prefer a scratching post rather than the arm of your sofa.

A．It turns out that this is only a secondary reason.

B．This is why the tree next door looks so scratched up.

C．Cats use other parts of their bodies to communicate as well.

D．Small pieces of bark have accumulated on the ground underneath.

E．Scratching can result in considerable damage, owner dissatisfaction.

F．Declawed cats may still be leaving scent marks on objects they scratch.

G．It could be a defensive warning or just a marker that announces its existence.

How far would you be willing to go to satisfy your need to know? Far enough to find out your possibility of dying from a terrible disease? These days that’s more than an academic question, as Tracy Smith reports in our Cover Story.

There are now more than a thousand genetic（基因的）tests, for everything from baldness to breast cancer, and the list is growing. Question is, do you really want to know what might eventually kill you? For instance, Nobel Prize-winning scientist James Watson, one of the first people to map their entire genetic makeup, is said to have asked not to be told if he were at a higher risk for Alzheimer’（老年痴呆症）.

“If I tell you that you have an increased risk of getting a terrible disease, that could weigh on your mind and make you anxious, through which you see the rest of your life as you wait for that disease to hit you. It could really mess you up.” Said Dr. Robert Green, a Harvard geneticist.

“Every ache and pain,” Smith suggested, could be understood as “the beginning of the end.”“That ’s right. If you ever worried you were at risk for Alzheimer’s disease, then every time you can’t find your car in the parking lot, you think the disease has started.”

Dr. Green has been thinking about this issue for years. He led a study of people who wanted to know if they were at a higher genetic risk for Alzheimer’s. It was thought that people who got bad news would, for lack of a better medical term, freak out. But Green and his team found that there was“no significant difference”between how people handled good news and possibly the worst news of their lives. In fact, most people think they can handle it. People who ask for the information usually can handle the information, good or bad, said Green.

71.The first paragraph is meant to__________.

A. ask some questions                        B. introduce the topic

C. satisfy readers’ curiosity                 D. describe an academic fact

【答案】B

【解析】通过两个问题引出话题。

72.Which of the following is true of James Watson？

A. He is strongly in favor of the present genetic tests.

B. He is more likely to suffer from Alzheimer’s disease.

C. He believes genetic mapping can help cure any disease.

D. He doesn’t want to know his chance of getting a disease.

【答案】D

【解析】根据第二段Nobel Prize-winning scientist James Watson, one of the first people to map their entire genetic makeup, is said to have asked not to be told if he were at a higher risk for Alzheimer’。“James Watson要求如果他的基因表明他有很高的老年痴呆症的可能不要告诉他。”

73.According to Paragraphs 3 and 4, if a person is at a higher genetic risk, it is__________.

A. advisable not to let him know          B. impossible to hide his disease

C. better to inform him immediately      D. necessary to remove his anxiety

【答案】A

【解析】根据这两个自然段可知，如果你提前被告知你将来可能患某种可怕的疾病会mess you up。

74.The underlined part“freak out”in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to“_________”.

A. break down                     B. drop out            C. leave off            D. turn away

【答案】A

【解析】根据下文But的转折，以及no significant difference可知，freak out的意思是A（精神垮掉）。

75.The study led by Dr. Green indicates that people__________.

A. prefer to hear good news         B. tend to find out the truth

C. can accept some bad news              D. have the right to be informed

【答案】C

【解析】根据第五段内容 In fact, most people think they can handle it可知答案选C.

根据短文内容，从短文后的选面中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

“Any fool can criticize, condemn, and complain （抱怨） but it takes character and self control to be understanding and forgiving.”— Dale Carnegie

If we really want to be happy, why do we act like such babies?

We can claim（声称） to be proactive（主动的）in our life by settings goals and going after what we want. But if we’re always whining and complaining all the time, are we really living effectively?

1  Whether it be being stuck in traffic, being bothered by the weather, not enough mustard on your sandwich, or whatever it is, there are endless instances where you can find a reason to complain.

But it’s not just outside circumstances that we complain about.   2  We complain about about ourselves too. We complain that we don’t have enough time, we don’t have enough money （this one is huge because it’s often “true”）, that we’re not smart enough, cool enough, or just enough.

      3  I never really thought about it much until I found this website about “living in a complain free world.”

Imagine how much happier you would be if you simply stopped complaining? Much of what you complain about is outside of your control anyway. What’s the point of brooding about something you have no power to change?   4 

Simply becoming conscious of how much you complain is the first step to stopping. When you recognize that you’re complaining, stop and take notice of it. Ask yourself if you would rather complain, or be happy.

      5 

       A．We complain about ourselves too.

       B．Not very intelligent, if you ask me.

       C．Why can’t we complain about things around us?

       D．Are you ready to live a complaint – free, happier life?

       E．What you’re complaining about may make you quite unhappy.

       F．If you don’t believe me, count how many times you complain in one day.

       G．I’ve experienced lots of unpleasantness for complaining about things I can’t control.

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—35各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Mary’s parents are different from the average. While she was growing up they required her to 21. First of all she had to work around their home. Later on Mary worked for other people.

When Mary was 14 years old, her mother and father told her that they were no 22 going to buy her clothes. Sure, they would continue to buy shoes for her and also the special clothes like suits, but 23 else was her responsibility. Some people thought that they were 24, but they wanted to teach Mary some 25 lessons. One thing she learned was that nothing is cheap or 26. She learned how to deal with her money carefully. Another thing she learned was 27 to keep from wearing out(穿破)her clothes too fast.

Also, even 28 Mary went to school she was 29 to work. All through her high school and 30 years she worked as well as studied. Mary’s parents had plenty of 31 but they felt she would 32 her education more if she had to 33 it. And strange as it may seem, they had heard that students who worked part- time generally got 34 grades than students who did no work.

  Now Mary is a mother herself. She requires her children to do the same 35 she did, especially working part- time as they go to school.

21．A．study B．play C．learn D．work

22．A．longer      B．money     C．any   D．hope

23．A．what B．that   C．nothing    D．everything

24．A．responsible     B．lazy C．poor  D．careless

25．A．difficult   B．daily        C．valuable    D．useless

26．A．free   B．expensive  C．useful       D．proper

27．A．how  B．when C．why  D．where

28．A．when B．as      C．until  D．since

29．A．permitted  B．required    C．going       D．forced

30．A．hard        B．work       C．happy       D．college

31．A．time        B．children   C．money      D．work

32．A．value       B．have  C．use    D．receive

33．A．enjoy       B．pay   C．pay for     D．enjoy

34．A．worse       B．better       C．more D．less

35．A．as     B．what  C．which       D．like