短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

The main purpose of newspapers are to provide                 1.__________

news. If you examine newspapers closely, you find that           2.__________

there are all sort of news: accidents, floods, fires, wars,            3.__________

sports, books, etc. The news cover everything that happens            4.__________

to people and their surroundings. Sometimes there are                5.__________

news items which are very interested.                             6.__________

A news report is usually very short, except for when it                7.__________

was very important, but it has a lot of information. It                 8.__________

is also writing in short paragraphs. The first paragraph                9.__________

is in the fact a summary of the news items. It gives all                10._________

the necessary information, what, when, where, how, and why. The other paragraphs give

full details of the subject.

221. There are 5 ________ in the passage about nanometer(纳米) technology we have just read. Please tell me the general meaning of the first one.

下面文章中5处（第61~65题）需要添加小标题，请从以下选项（A、B、C、D、E和F）中选出符合各段意思的小标题。选项中有一项是多余选项。

A. You don’t track your progress

B. You don’t have a plan to reach your goal

C. Your goal is too difficult and not realistic

D. You don’t take action

E. Your goal is too general or too vague (不明确的)

F. You are not committed to your goal

How often do you set your goal and then fail to achieve it? Do you ever reflect on the reasons why you didn’t achieve your goal? There are a number of mistakes that people make when they set their goals at the start of the year. If one of these mistakes is made, then before even starting you are setting yourself up to fail. There are 5 key goal-setting mistakes that you need to avoid in 2013.

1.__________

         If you have done any kind of goal-setting before, you’re bound to come across the SMART technique of goal-setting. SMART stands for Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant and Time-bound. If your goal is not specific and it is ambiguous in some way, how will you know when you have actually achieved your goal? How do you actually know if you’re heading in the right direction? You should be able to measure your goals and track your progress. If you can’t, then it’s probably not clear.

2.__________

         The SMART principle once again comes into play here. All too often people set themselves goals that are far too stretching. When the goal is beyond reachable, negative thoughts enter the mind and disbelief kicks in. This is the opposite of what a good structured goal should do. Ensure your goal is achievable and realistic. Set small targets along the way so you can track your progress. If you feel you are falling behind, reset your goal to something that you can reach.

3. __________

         Many people set certain goals in life because they feel they have to. However, on many occasions these are not the goals that the individual is actually passionate about. The goals set are not associated with their values nor are their own goals --- the goals are those that their parents or society wants them to have. If you are not fully committed to your goal upfront, then you’re doomed from the start. You will lack the motivation and desire to actually achieve the goal.

4._________

         If your goal is to start an online business, that’s fantastic. However, how are you actually going to achieve it? You need to map your way towards your goal and with as much clarity as you can. Sometimes clarity can be cloudy as you may have a lack of knowledge or skill in what it is that you want to achieve. However, you can start to map the things that you can do to help you learn and grow and progress to where it is that you want to go. Besides, breaking your goals into smaller steps is essential for helping you track your progress and ensure that your goals are realistic and attainable.

5.__________

         Without taking action you won’t get anywhere. Taking action is the most important part of any goal. Even if you take action and you find you’re not getting anywhere, you can learn from your experience. Taking action not only progresses you towards your goals, but it helps you learn from your mistakes. They are the keys to reaching your goals in 2013.

Most young people enjoy some form of physical activity. It may be walking, cycling or swimming, winter skating or skiing in winter. It may be a game of some kind, football, hockey, golf or tennis. It may be mountaineering（爬山）.

Those who have a passion（热情）for climbing high and difficult mountains are often looked upon with astonishment. Why are men and women willing to suffer cold and hardship, and to take risks on high mountains? This astonishment is caused probably by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity to which men give their leisure.

Mountaineering is a sport and not a game. There are no man-made rules, as there are for such games as golf and football. There are, of course, rules of a different thing that it would be dangerous to ignore（忽视），but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people. Those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods.

If we compare mountaineering and other more familiar sports, we might think that one big difference is that mountaineering is not a “team game”. We should be mistaken in this. There are, it is true, no“matches”between“teams”of climbers, but when climbers are on a rock face linked by a rope on which their lives may depend, there is obviously teamwork.

The mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than men. He has to fight the forces of nature. His sport requires high mental and physical qualities

A mountain climber continues to improve in skill year after year. A skier is probably past his best by the age of thirty, and most international tennis champions are in their early twenties. But it is not unusual for a man of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the Alps. They may take more time than younger men, but they probably climb with more skill and less waste of efforts and they certainly experience equal enjoyment.

Mountaineering involves       .

A．cold B．hardship C．physical risk    D．all of the above

The difference between a sport and a game has something to do with the kind of        .

A. activity B. rules    C. uniform  D. participants

Mountaineering can be called a team sport because       .

A．it is an Olympic event

B．teams compete against each other

C．mountaineers depend on each other while climbing

D．there are 5 climbers on each team.

Which is the best title for the passage?

A．Mountaineering Is Different from Golf and Football k

B．Mountaineering Is More Attractive than Other Sports

C．Mountaineering

D．Mountain Climbers      

Happiness and sadness are states of being states of being that define the way we view the world. It is often said that some people by nature have a sunny character. Now scientists may have discovered why.

Some people may be hard-wired for happiness, while others are genetically negative, as

scientists have suggested in a study published in late February, in a British journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B.

Earlier research had already established that the gene known as 5-HTTLPR plays a key role in

determining how the neurotransmitter (神经传递素) serotonin (血清素) works within the brain. Serotonin, a hormone (荷尔蒙), passes chemical messages between nerve cells. It has been closely linked to mood. Several anti-depressant (抗抑郁) drugs regulate serotonin levels. Scientists had also identified three variants of the gene. Two so-called "short" variants were linked to a higher risk of depression and suicide attempts. Unlike the two "short" variants, the "long" variant of 5-HTTLPR showed a clear dislike of negative images, such as fierce animals, and a clear liking for positive ones, such as flowers.

Researchers from the University of Essex in Britain, led by Elaine Fox, showed participants a

series of images. The images were divided into three kinds: negative ones aimed at inspiring fear or stress such as a spider or person about to commit suicide, pleasant ones and neutral ones.

“The participants who had the long variant of the 5-HTTLPR gene showed a clear dislike of negative material alongside a careful attention for positive material,” the researchers found. They paid close attention to the pretty pictures, and ignored the frightening ones. On the other hand, the short variant groups had the opposite reaction.

In January, the Australian government organized "happiness workshops", teaching government

staff how to be happy. The department that held the "happiness workshops" said unhappy staff weren't productive staff. Australian political opposition parties have argued that the "happiness workshops" are probably a waste of money and couldn't increase productivity as intended. However, whether the workshop will have a happy or disappointing result, we will have to wait and see.

67．Form the third paragraph, we know that         .

A．affected by 5-HTTLPR, the neurotransmitter serotonin works within the blood

B．there are 5 variants of 5-HTTLPR genes which control people’s moods

C．how the neurotransmitter serotonin works is greatly determined by 5-HTTLPR

D．5-HTTLPR receives chemical messages from verve cells

68．What does “It” in the sentence “It has been closely linked to mood.” in the 3rd paragraph refer to?

A．Serotonin.          B．A nerve cell.        C．5-HTTLPR.         D．The brain.

69．If a person had the long variant of 5-HTTLPR, he or she would probably         .

A．like the images of spiders                     B．prefer the images of crocodiles

C．enjoy an image of green tress                D．suffer from depression very often

70．What can we infer from the passage?

A．People’s moods can change a little bit under the influence of certain drugs.

B．Researchers showed participants of the research two kinds of images.

C．A person possesses one long and one short variant of 5-HTTLPR at the same time.

D．The author firmly believes that “happiness workshops” will not change people’s moods.