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阅读下文,完成文后各题。
“进化”不了的爱
孙君飞
进化论包含着残酷的丛林法则,也隐含着生命的自私自利性。一个生命个体要想很好地生存下去,必须要将自己变得更优秀,学会“排他”,否则优胜劣汰的只能是自己。不过,人们在观察工蜂时,惊讶地发现,它们并未受到进化论的影响,它们混沌若当初,或者说它们完美地保持着一种纯粹而崇高的精神,这使它们成为生命进化中的另类。
工蜂属于生殖器官发育不完善的雌性蜂,即便能够产卵,也只是没有受精的卵,因此它们自身没有繁殖能力。这种缺陷可怕而又不幸,然而工蜂对此无动于衷,甘愿终身携带着缺陷而生,从未奢望将自身进化得更完美更强悍。值得称道的是,工蜂的适应性反而很强大,它们拥有相当厉害的武器——毒刺,刺上长有倒钩,一旦“亮剑”就不能回收利用。工蜂的毒刺是不折不扣的双刃剑,在伤及侵害者的同时,自己的生命也面临着终结。
蜜蜂家族中令人难以置信的社会结构更加震惊着世人的心灵,在这里一切都那么井然有序,合乎“法则”,一切又那么一往情深,合乎“生命之爱”。蜜蜂的利他主义行为也许会让达尔文难以理解,失去繁殖能力却能够将各种特征和习性一代代传承下去的工蜂可能更让达尔文目瞪口呆吧。答案其实很简单,一切都源于蜜蜂与众不同的遗传结构。换言之,存在于工蜂体内的遗传基因极其顽强,只有它们才会驱使工蜂去鞠躬尽瘁地照顾其它跟自己具有相同基因的生命,甚至为对方牺牲自己,却无怨无悔。
蜂后产下的受精卵天生高贵,常常会孵化出雌性幼蜂,而延续高贵的办法只有一个:它们只有食用了工蜂分泌的蜂王浆之后,才能发育成具有生殖能力的小蜂后,否则它们在长大后依然属于工蜂——从出生时开始,便将生命献给蜂群、终日辛劳的工蜂!
由于小蜂后的基因与工蜂的基因几乎相同,从身形外貌上看,彼此也几乎一模一样,这也许使工蜂顿感一阵甜蜜而幸福、神圣而自豪的恍然:站在我面前的,莫不是又一个“我”?我由此获得了新生,得到了永恒……工蜂在含辛茹苦喂养小蜂后的过程中,彼此的血缘关系升至最亲密最牢固。它们原本不是毫不相关的两个,而是见证生命延续、利他友爱的两个。因为相同的基因存活在它们的生命之中,工蜂在潜意识里将蜂后看得比自己的生命更为重要,为了对方、也为了另一个“我”和“我们”,它们可以在必要时完全放弃自己现实的生命及其未来。
(选自在《思维与智慧》有删节)
下列关于“工蜂”的表述,不符合原文意思的一项是
A.作为生命个体,工蜂的生命隐含着自私自利性,要想不被淘汰,它必须将自己变得更优秀,学会“排他”。
B.工蜂之所以成为生命进化中的另类,是因为它们完美地保持着一种纯粹而崇高的精神,并未受到进化论的影响。
C.工蜂的适应性很强,尾部长有倒钩的毒刺是相当厉害的武器,在伤及侵害者的同时,工蜂的生命也意味着终结。
D.从出生开始,就为蜂群而终日辛劳的工蜂,能把各种特征和习性一代代传承下去,靠的是与众不同的遗传结构。
下列有关“蜜蜂繁殖"的表述,符合原文意思的一项是
A.蜂后是具有生殖能力的雌性蜂,产下的受精卵天生高贵,孵化出雌性幼蜂,幼蜂长大以后就成为新一代蜂后。
B.工蜂自身没有繁殖能力,属于生殖器官发育不完善的雌性蜂,即便能够产卵,也只是没有受精的卵,不能孵化幼蜂。
C.存在于工蜂体内的遗传基因极其顽强,它驱使工蜂分泌蜂王浆,鞠躬尽瘁地照顾和自己具有相同基因的“孩子”。
D.蜂后负责产卵,工蜂负责喂养幼蜂,因而小蜂后的基因与工蜂的基因几乎相同,身形外貌上也几乎一模一样。
下列根据原文信息所作的推断,不正确的一项是
A.采粉、酿蜜、饲喂幼虫的工蜂是蜂群的主体,儿歌唱的“小蜜蜂,整天忙,采花蜜,酿蜜糖”,指的就是工蜂。
B.蜜蜂家族一切都井然有序,合乎“法则”,合乎“生命之爱”,人类如果借鉴了这种社会结构.可能会更有利于社会和谐。
C.为了蜂后和后代,工蜂不惜牺牲自己,是因为它们有奉献精神,潜意识里将蜂后和后代看得比自己的生命更重要。
D.工蜂一生从事的是利他的事业,而不是优化自己的结构来繁衍后代,从这一点来看, 达尔文的进化论“适者生存”不科学。
查看习题详情和答案>>第二节:信息匹配(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
请阅读下列旅游景点的信息,并按照要求匹配信息。选出符合各小题要求的最佳选顼,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑.选项中有一项是多余选项。
Here are some information about several websites.
A.http://www.yoka.com/ Yoka Fashion Network is the first upper-class brand positioning in consumer for high-quality lifestyle, serving the high-income professional fashion website users. To create interactive online fashion community,it runs as a network fashion circle which includes the fashion products manufacturers,fashion critics, fashion magezine publishers, fashion designers, fashion blog writers, fashion brand retailers, advertisers and brands, etd. |
B.http://www.szsjg.net/ Do you have a legal matter that you need cleared up? Does your business need to find an experianced lawyer to consult about potentially sticky legal situations? Don't be hesitating;contact a well-practised lawyer, be sure to give you professional advice! |
C.http://www.itourchina.com.cn As one of the largest tour operators in China, we offer you sorted, package tours and custom tours made specially for you! Our China tour service ranges from budget group China tour peckages to luxury private tour packages as well as discount hotel reservation in China. Try it out!We endeavor to make your china vacation unique and affordable. |
D.http://www.china.travel/ |
China Travel Net is intended to provide tourists with travel information, destination infonnation,travel products, fashion and cultural information services and products; additionally, as China's tourism international marketing platform, it is to shape the tourism image of China for the international visitors, providing travel information, destination information and tourism products and services, which are both in Chinese and English versions.
E. http://www.trends.com.cn/
Fashion Media Group, the unique community representatives in the field of China Journal, is Chins's largest media group of the high-grade journals, covering a wide range of its business in the books editors, publishing, advertising, printing, distribution, etc, with diversification of the contents of journals: "Fashion COMSOPOLITAN", "Esquire", "Home fashion", "Fashion Tourism", "Ms. Fashion Health", "Men's Fashion Health", "Fashion's Bazaar", "Fashion Men's Bazaar", "Chinese geography", "Fashion Time", "Good Housekeeper", "Fashion Car", "Food and Wine", "Rob Report ", "fashion bride", etc.
F. http://www.chinabook.org/
This website takes advantage of its vast information and quick speed, gathering together thousands of the National Press, providing the latest information and the functions of book sales,new book published subscriptions, second-hand books transctions, e-books online to reader forum, academics, clubs, etc.
根据以下各人的需求,寻找适合的网站。
56. John and his families like taking budget travelling to any place which can show local custom.This time, they want to make a trip to China.As usual, they don't want to join any groups with a fixed tourist guide. Since they have no ides about where to start, they'd like to get some advice about the route meeting their demands.
57. Minnie is a white-coller worker in an international company. Hard as the work is,she enjoys running after the fashion. She usually seeks for some latest information on the lnternet during the break in her office. She likes reacting critics and blogs in particular.
58. Henry is involved in some intractable (难处理的) problems which is related to his company's finance. Owing to not having employed a counselor, he is looking for any lawyer to give him some advice.
59. Tina takes reading as her hobby. She usually spends a lot of time in reading boojs online at weekends. But sometimes she will buy some books whose topic or content really attract her, no matter whether it is latest or second-hand.
60. Dr. Green and his wife are always pursuing high-quality lifestyle.They are supposed to have a long holiday next month, so they plan to travel around China which is said to be with many excellent places by their friends. In order to make a confirmation and have a better understanding of China, they need to do some research on the Internet.
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第二节:信息匹配(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
请阅读下列旅游景点的信息,并按照要求匹配信息。选出符合各小题要求的最佳选顼,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑.选项中有一项是多余选项。
Here are some information about several websites.
A.http://www.yoka.com/ Yoka Fashion Network is the first upper-class brand positioning in consumer for high-quality lifestyle, serving the high-income professional fashion website users. To create interactive online fashion community,it runs as a network fashion circle which includes the fashion products manufacturers,fashion critics, fashion magezine publishers, fashion designers, fashion blog writers, fashion brand retailers, advertisers and brands, etd. |
B.http://www.szsjg.net/ Do you have a legal matter that you need cleared up? Does your business need to find an experianced lawyer to consult about potentially sticky legal situations? Don't be hesitating;contact a well-practised lawyer, be sure to give you professional advice! |
C.http://www.itourchina.com.cn As one of the largest tour operators in China, we offer you sorted, package tours and custom tours made specially for you! Our China tour service ranges from budget group China tour peckages to luxury private tour packages as well as discount hotel reservation in China. Try it out!We endeavor to make your china vacation unique and affordable. |
D.http://www.china.travel/ |
E. http://www.trends.com.cn/
Fashion Media Group, the unique community representatives in the field of China Journal, is Chins's largest media group of the high-grade journals, covering a wide range of its business in the books editors, publishing, advertising, printing, distribution, etc, with diversification of the contents of journals: "Fashion COMSOPOLITAN", "Esquire", "Home fashion", "Fashion Tourism", "Ms. Fashion Health", "Men's Fashion Health", "Fashion's Bazaar", "Fashion Men's Bazaar", "Chinese geography", "Fashion Time", "Good Housekeeper", "Fashion Car", "Food and Wine", "Rob Report ", "fashion bride", etc.
F. http://www.chinabook.org/
This website takes advantage of its vast information and quick speed, gathering together thousands of the National Press, providing the latest information and the functions of book sales,new book published subscriptions, second-hand books transctions, e-books online to reader forum, academics, clubs, etc.
根据以下各人的需求,寻找适合的网站。
56. John and his families like taking budget travelling to any place which can show local custom.This time, they want to make a trip to China.As usual, they don't want to join any groups with a fixed tourist guide. Since they have no ides about where to start, they'd like to get some advice about the route meeting their demands.
57. Minnie is a white-coller worker in an international company. Hard as the work is,she enjoys running after the fashion. She usually seeks for some latest information on the lnternet during the break in her office. She likes reacting critics and blogs in particular.
58. Henry is involved in some intractable (难处理的) problems which is related to his company's finance. Owing to not having employed a counselor, he is looking for any lawyer to give him some advice.
59. Tina takes reading as her hobby. She usually spends a lot of time in reading boojs online at weekends. But sometimes she will buy some books whose topic or content really attract her, no matter whether it is latest or second-hand.
60. Dr. Green and his wife are always pursuing high-quality lifestyle.They are supposed to have a long holiday next month, so they plan to travel around China which is said to be with many excellent places by their friends. In order to make a confirmation and have a better understanding of China, they need to do some research on the Internet. 查看习题详情和答案>>
完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选
项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The Blind Boy
A blind boy sat on the steps of a building with a hat(帽子) by his feet. He held up a __36__ which said: “I am blind, please help.” There were only a few __37_ in the hat.
A man was walking by. He took a few coins from his _ 38 _ and dropped them into the hat. He __39__ took the sign, turned it around and wrote some words. He __40__ the sign __41__ everyone who walked by would see the new words.
Soon the hat began to __42__. A lot more people were giving money to the blind boy.
That afternoon the man who had __43__ the sign came to see __44__ things were. The boy __45__ his footsteps and asked, “Were you the one who changed my sign this morning? What did you write?”
The man said, “I only wrote the truth. I said what you said in a different way, __46__ .” What he had written was: “Today is a(n) __47__ day and I cannot see it.”
Do you think the first sign and the second sign were saying the same thing?
__48__ both signs told people the boy was blind. But the first sign simply said the boy was blind. The second sign told people they were so __49__ that they were not blind.
Should we be surprised that the second sign was more __50__?
Be thankful for what you have. __51__ life gives you 100 reasons to cry, show life that you have 1000 reasons to __52__. Face your past without regret. __ 53___ your present with confidence (自信). Prepare for the __54__ without fear. Keep the faith and __55__ the fear.
36. A. cover B. sign C. board D. note
37. A. cashes B. treasures C. pennies D. coins
38. A. pocket B. can C. backpack D. case
39. A. still B. then C. already D. yet
40. A. put on B. put out C. put off D. put back
41. A. in case B. now that C. so that D. as though
42. A. mix up B. show up C. fill up D. make up
43. A. changed B. prepared C. supported D. reached
44. A. what B. why C. where D. how
45. A. realized B. recognized C. felt D. discovered
46. A. though B. but C. yet D. still
47. A. average B. successful C. harmonious D. beautiful
48. A. After all B. In the long term C. Of course D. As a matter of fact
49. A. happy B. disappointed C. lucky D. strange
50. A. effective B. brave C. surprising D. scientific
51. A. Once B. When C. While D. Because
52. A. smile B. exist C. survive D. prove
53. A. Look into B. Search for C. Deal with D. Depend on
54. A. tomorrow B. adventure C. future D. sunrise
55. A. preserve B. charge C. run D. drop
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第二节信息匹配 (共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
阅读下列应用文及相关信息,并按照要求匹配信息。请把答案填写在答题卡上将对应题号上。(选E项,在答题卡上将A,B涂黑; 选F项,在答题卡上将C,D涂黑)
首先,请阅读下列应用文:
The weekly magazine tells what you need to know if you’re thinking of traveling. Helpful advice on what to pack and what to buy once you’re there. Lots of colour photos to help you choose the best hotel, the cheapest flights and a special guide to different climates each week. |
E. Wired This magazine is designed for leaders in the field of information engineering including top managers and professionals in the computer, business, design and education industries. Published by Conde Nast Publications Inc, Wired often carries articles on how technology changes people’s lives. |
F. EUROPE NEWS The weekly magazine keeps you in touch with what’s happening. Filled with facts and figures about almost everything you can think of, plus articles by our regular writers on the week’s most interesting new stories. Special back page sums up the news for the busy readers. |
请阅读以下读者的信息,然后匹配读者和他/她最适合的杂志:
61. Bill travels a lot when he was younger. Now that he has stopped his work, he enjoys reading about foreign people, places and customs even if he has already visited that part of the world.
62. Emi is a university student studying Italian and Politics. She doesn’t have much time to read anything very detailed but she is looking for something with plenty of news and information.
63. Ben serves as an assistant to the general manager of an American company in Los Angeles. He is very interested in management and the use of high technology.
64. Up till now Brigitte has never traveled far so this year she has decided to go abroad for the first time. The travel agent suggests that she should read about various countries first before choosing her holiday.
65. Susan likes shopping. She is interested in buying clothes and she needs to be offered advice on clothes.
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