Student participation in the classroom is not only accepted but also expected of the student in many courses. Some professors base part of the final grade on the student’s oral participation. Although there are formal lectures during which the student has a passive role (i.e., listening and taking notes), many courses are organized around classroom discussions, student questions, and informal lectures. In graduate discussions the professor had a “manager” role and the students make presentations and lead discussions. The students do the actual teaching in these discussions.

A professor’s teaching method is another factor that determines the degree and type of student participation. Some professors prefer to control discussions while others prefer to guide the class without controlling it. Many professors encourage students to question their ideas. Students who object to the professor’s point of view should be prepared to prove their positions.

In the teaching of science and mathematics, the controlling mode of instruction is generally traditional, with teachers presenting formal lectures and students taking notes. However, new educational trends have turned up in the humanities and social sciences in the past twenty years. Students in education, society, and history classes, for example, are often required to solve problems in groups, design projects, make presentations, and examine case studies. Since some college or university courses are “practical” rather than theoretical, they pay more attention to “doing” for themselves.

“Participation in the classroom is not only accepted but also expected of the student” in  ____

       class.

       A．the humanities and social sciences  B．the science and mathematics

       C．the theoretical lessons      D．the strictly controlled courses

From the passage we know that education in the humanities and society __________.

       A．has not changed much in the past twenty years

       B．pay attention to students’ studying instead of teachers’ teaching

       C．is much more important than that of science and mathematics

       D．has become more practical than theoretical.

The reason why some professors ask students to make presentations and lead discussions is that __________.

       A．these professors are often not well prepared before class

       B．these professors want to stress “doing”

       C．these professors want to test the students abilities

       D．these professors are not willing to teach theory

Which of the following sentences is true according to the passage?

       A．Student participation is not common in many courses like society and history classes.

       B．Some professors want to control the classroom discussion.

       C．Some of students are wanted to attend the lecture of science and mathematics.

       D．New educational trends have turned up in the teaching of natural sciences such as

  chemistry.

Students often meet with questions as follows: bullied by someone, worried about a weak subject, puzzled by family problems or concerned about pets at home. All the questions above may make you not concentrated on your study. Who can you turn to if you are such an unlucky student? A great person to share your thoughts and feelings with is your school counselor (顾问).

    Add school counselors to the list of people you can turn to when you need help. They know how to listen and can help kids with life's challenges (挑战). Counselors have special training in how to help kids solve problems, make decisions, and stand up for themselves. That doesn't mean your counselor will wave a magic wand and the problem will go away. But it does mean he or she will help you cope with it. Coping is an important word to know. Sometimes, kids and grown-ups have difficult problems. Coping means that someone is trying to handle these problems and make things better.

Your school counselor is available for you and wants to make your school experience the best it can be. The counselor's job is to take your problem seriously and help you find a solution. The counselor also wants to help you learn as much as you can in class, be a contributing member of the school community, and be a positive influence on your environment.

From the underlined sentence we may infer that ______.

  A. a school counselor is one of those who can help you

  B. school counselors are those you can make friends with

  C. one needs various people to help him or her

  D. one has to know and deal with all kinds of people at school

According to the passage, which of the following happens that you may not turn to the

counselors?

  A. Other students treat you cruelly.             B. You are too poor to go to school.

  C. You are weak in one subject.                D. You have family problem.

What does the writer think of the school counselors?

  A. They can solve any questions you meet with.    

B. They can help students get their life or study improved.

  C. They are as important as teachers in schools.

  D. They may punish those who have bullied you.

Which of the following may be the best title of the passage?

   A. School counselors

   B. School problems

   C. Students’ problems

   D. Free counselors

Student Services

Students' Union

Every University has a Students' Union. If students are the lifeblood of a university, the Union is surely its beating heart.

For students, by students

A Students’ Union is run by students and acts independently. At the end of each academic year, it will find six students to hold a sabbatical（带有休假的） position managing the Union for the coming year. That the six successful sabbatical officers have only recently experienced issues affecting students ensures that your needs are very well understood.

Letting your hair down

Although the University is spread across a fairly wide area, the Union is centrally located and is only a short walk from any of the main buildings. This makes it very easy to catch up with friends who might be on a different course.

At night, the place really comes alive – we have three different bars to suit every occasion. The venues are student-only so you can be sure of meeting people with a similar outlook and we throw in a transport service to make sure you get home safely.

The Union also organizes various formal balls throughout the year, with the highlight being the end-of-year ball.

Supporting you

Beyond having fun, we also make sure some of the more serious issues are effectively dealt with. If you have a problem with your course, another sabbatical officer is trained to help you. Being independent from the University means we can represent and support you to the best of our ability, and once you reach university you may find that you become aware of more national or political issues.

From the second paragraph of the passage, we can infer that ______.

A. a Students’ Union is operated by the university

B. a Students’ Union is not operated by the university

C. a Students’ Union is operated is working for the university

D. a Students’ Union is affected by the university

The person who takes up a certain post of the Students’ Union ______.

A. learns what the students need

B. is very happy and easy

C. can affect the life of any student

D. has understood everything of the University

According to the third paragraph, we can learn that ______.

A. a Students’ Union is far away from the university

B. a Students’ Union is near to the home

C. a Students’ Union is central part of the university

D. a Students’ Union has different courses for all the students

From the passage, we can learn that ______ is the most wonderful program of every year.

A. making friends

B. dancing in a bar

C. the match of the end-year ball

D. electing the officers

After reading the last two parts, we can infer that _______.

A. the Students’ Union can help a student who has trouble in the study

B. the Students’ Union can help a student who is being trained

C. the Students’ Union can cultivate the ability of a student to be suitable for political position

D. the Students’ Union can support a student to run the University

Students are being forced to take additional exams to get into leading universities because good A-levels do not always indicate the brightest candidates.

Sixth-formers applying to courses such as medicine and law are being asked to sit American-style aptitude（智能）tests, which are designed to assess（评价）thinking skills, among fears that too many A-level candidates are getting top grades. Last year, almost one in six students applying to universities such as Oxford and Cambridge from independent schools had to sit additional test to secure a place.

Head teachers criticized the move, which they said would pile more pressure on schools and students. But universities insisted that the reforms were unavoidable, because A-level exams were no longer an accurate barometer（标准）of ability.

In 1986, 40 percent of students starting at Oxford achieved straight. As at A-level, Mike Nicholson, its admissions director, said that this year almost every candidate offered a place would get perfect grades. It meant the university had to stage additional test to identify the most able candidates. “The ability to achieve three A grades is no longer the end-point in the admissions process,” he said. “The potential to achieved three A grades will allow them to enter the race for a place.”

Oxford is not the only university turning to aptitude tests. At Cambridge, the number of students taking the university’s Thinking Skills Assessment shot up 26 percent to more than 3,000. A survey of 16,830 sixth formers applying to higher education from private schools last year showed that 2,860 had to sit at least one exam.

Earlier this year, the National Foundation for Educational Research recommended that most sixth formers should sit SAT tests — a standard reasoning exam widely used in American colleges —to make it easier to pick out the best candidates.

5．What is the attitude of head teachers to the reform?

       A. Approving.               B. Doubtful.          C. Opposed.           D. Neutral（中立的）

6．Which British university first started to use aptitude tests to pick out the best candidates?

       A. Harvard.                  B. Oxford.             C. Cambridge.              D. Washington D.C.

7．What can we know about the A-level system?

       A. It can indicate the brightest candidates.

B. It was designed to assess students’ thinking abilities.

C. It is longer an accurate way to assess students’ abilities.

D. It was recommended by the National Foundation for Educational Research.

8．What can we infer from the passage?

       A. The reform is more popular in American colleges than in British ones.

       B. The reform will be applied by all universities in the future.

       C. Universities used to depend on the A-level system to choose the best students.

       D. Passing additional tests will allow the student to enter Oxford, regardless of whether he or she gets As.

9．What is the passage mainly about?

       A. How to get into leading universities.

       B. The disadvantages of the A-level system.

       C. Different ways to identify students’ abilities.

       D. Universities using extra exams to choose students.

Students often meet with questions as follows: bullied by someone, worried about a weak subject, puzzled by family problems or concerned about pets at home. All the questions above may make you not concentrated on your study. Who can you turn to if you are such an unlucky student? A great person to share your thoughts and feelings with is your school counsellor(顾问).
  Add school counsellors to the list of people you can turn to when you need help. They know how to listen and can help kids with life's challenges(挑战). Counsellors have special training in how to help kids solve problems, make decisions, and stand up for themselves. That doesn't mean your counsellor will wave a magic wand and the problem will go away. But it does mean he or she will help you cope with(应付) it. Coping is an important word to know. Sometimes, kids and grown-ups have difficult problems. Coping means that someone is trying to handle these problems and make things better.

Your school counsellor is available for you and wants to make your school experience the best it can be. The counsellor's job is to take your problem seriously and help you find a solution. The counsellor also wants to help you learn as much as you can in class, be a contributing member of the school community, and be a positive influence on your environment.

62. From the underlined sentence we may infer that ________.

   A. a school counsellor is one of those who can help you

   B. school counsellors are those you can make friends with

   C. one needs various people to help him or her

   D. one has to know and deal with all kinds of people at school

63. According to the passage, which of the following happens that you may not turn to the counsellors?

   A. Other students treat you cruelly.

   B. You are too poor to go to school.

   C. You are weak in one subject.

   D. You have family problem.

64. What does the writer think of the school counsellors?

   A. They can solve any questions you meet with.

   B. They can help students get their life or study improved.

   C. They are as important as teachers in schools.

   D. They may punish those who have bullied you.

65. Which of the following may be the best title of the passage?

   A. School counsellors

   B. School problems

   C. Students’ problems

   D. Free counsellors