Until the 1980s, the American homeless population comprised mainly older males. Today, homelessness strikes much younger part of society. In fact, a 25-city survey by the U. S. Conference of Mayors in 1987 found that families with children make up the fastest growing part of the homeless population. Many homeless children gather in inner cities; this transient(变化无常的) and frequently frightened student population creates additional problems — both legal and educational — for already overburdened urban school administrators and teachers.
Estimates of the number of homeless Americans range from 350,000 to three million. Likewise, estimates of the number of homeless school children vary radically. A U.S. Department of Education report, based on state estimates, states that there are 220,000 homeless school-age children, about a third of whom do not attend school on a regular basis, But the National Coalition for the Homeless estimates that there are at least two times as many homeless children, and that less than half of them attend school regularly.　　　　
One part of the homeless population that is particularly difficult to count consists of the “throwaway” youths who have been cast of their homes. The Elementary School Center in New York City estimates that there are 1.5 million of them, many of whom are not counted as children because they do not stay in family shelters and tend to live by themselves on the streets.
Federal law, the Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act of 1987, includes a section that addresses the educational needs of homeless children. The educational provisions of the McKinney Act are based on the belief that all homeless children have the right to a free, appropriate education.
60. It is implied in the first paragraph that ____.
A) the writer himself is homeless, even in his eighties
B) many older homeless residents are going on strike in 25 cities
C) there is a serious shortage of academic facilities
D) homeless children are denied the opportunity of receiving free education
61. The National Coalition for the homeless believes that the number of homeless children is _____.
A) 350,000
B) 1,500,000
C) 440,000
D) 110,000
62. One part of the homeless population is difficult to estimate. The reason might well be ____.
A) the homeless children are too young to be counted as children
B) the homeless population is growing rapidly
C) the homeless children usually stay outside school
D) some homeless children are deserted by their families
63. The passage mainly deals with ____.
A) the legal problems of the homeless children
B) the educational problems of homeless children
C) the social status of older males
D) estimates on the homeless population

第一节：完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16－30各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Jenkins was a jeweller, who had made a large diamond ring worth ￡57,000 for the Silkstone Jewellery Shop. When it was ready, he made a copy of it which looked ___16__ like the first one but was worth only￡2,000. This he took to the shop, which accepted it without a question.

　　Jenkins gave the much more 17__ ring to his wife for her fortieth birthday. Then, the husband and wife __18__ to Paris for a weekend. As to the __19__ ring, the shop sold it for￡60,000.

　　Six months later the buyer __20__it back to Silkstone's office. "It's a faulty diamond,"he said. "It isn't worth the high __21__ I paid." Then he told them the __22__. His wife's car had caught fire in an __23__. She had escaped  ,__24__ the ring had fallen off and been damaged  in the great __25__ of the fire.

　　The shop had to agree. They knew that no fire on earth can ever damage a perfect diamond. Someone had taken the __26__ diamond and put a faulty one in its place. The question was: who __27__ it?

　　A picture of the ring appeared in the __28__. A reader thought he recognized the ring. The next day, another picture appeared in the papers which showed a famous dancer walking out to a plane for Paris. Behind the dancer there was a woman __29__ a large diamond ring."Do You know the __30__ with the lovely diamond ring?" the papers asked their readers. Several months later, Jenkins was sentenced to seven years in prison.

16. A. surely         B. only　　　C. nearly　　 D. exactly

17. A. real　　　　 B. worthy　　 C. modern      D. valuable

18.A. drove　　　  B. flew        C. sailed　　　　D. bicycled

19. A. last          B. first 　　　  C. second　　　D. next

20. A. sold　　　  B. posted　　　  C. brought　　  D. returned

21.A. money　　　 B. price　　     C. cost　 　    D. value

22. A. facts　　　  B. questions　    C. results       D. matters

23. A. accident      B. affair　　    C. incident　　  D. experience

24. A. so　　　 　 B. but　　        C. or　 　     D. and

25. A. pile　　　　 B. heat　　　 　　C. pressure     D. power

26. A. real　　　 　B. pure　　　 　 C. right　　    D. exact　

27.A. made　　　 B. stole　　       C. copied　 　  D. did

28.A. magazines   B. notices　    C. newspapers　　 D. programmes

29. A. carrying　　B. holding      C. dressing   　 D. wearing　　　 

30. A. dancer　　　 B. woman　　　C. jeweler       D. reader

The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet, including a variety of fruits and green vegetables. It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet, say that when trying to lose weight, that it is necessary to make special provisions to supply the missing vitamins.

　　An example of the dangers of a restricted diet may be seen in the disease known as “beri-beri”, which used to make large numbers of Eastern people who lived mainly on rice suffer. In the early years of last century, a Dutch scientist named Eijkman was trying to discover the cause of beri-beri. At first he thought it was transmitted（传播）by a germ（病菌）. He was working in a Japanese hospital, where the patients were fed on polished rice which had had the outer coverings removed from the grain. It was thought this would be easier for weak and sick people to digest.

　　Eijkman thought his germ theory was proved when he noticed the chickens in the hospital yard, which were fed on remains from the patients’ plates, were also showing signs of the disease. He then tried to separate the germ, which he thought was causing the disease, but his experiments were interrupted by a hospital official, who ordered that the rice without coverings, even though left over by the patients, was too good for chickens. It should be recooked for the patients, and the chickens should be fed on cheap, rough rice with the outer coverings still on the grain.

　　Eijkman noticed that the chickens began to recover on the new diet. He began to consider the possibility that eating unmilled rice（糙米）somehow prevented or cured beri-beri — even that a lack of some ingredient（成分）in the coverings may be the cause of the disease. Indeed this was the case. The element needed to prevent beri-beri was shortly afterwards separated from rice coverings and is now known as vitamin B. The milled rice, though more expensive, was in fact causing the disease the hospital was trying to cure. Nowadays, this terrible disease is much less common thanks to our knowledge of vitamins.

According to the passage, a good mixed diet ________.

A. is suitable for losing weight           B. should be only fruits and vegetables

C. normally contains enough vitamins     D. is often difficult to arrange

What do we know about the disease beri-beri?

A. It killed large numbers of people.       B. It resulted from lack of vitamins.

C. It was transmitted by milled rice.       D. It was caused by diseased chickens.

What can be the best title of the passage?

A. A Good Mixed Diet　　　　　　     B. New Discovery

C. The Dangers of Beri-beri　　　　     D. The Importance of Vitamins

Lena Horne was born in Brooklyn，New York in 1917.Her mother was away for much of her　36　.So her grandmother helped raise her.

At the age of sixteen，Lena　37　work as a dancer at the famous Cotton Club in New York City.After　38　 voice lessons，she soon began performing there as a singer too.At the age of nineteen，Lena moved to Pittsburgh and 　39　Louis Jones，who was an actor.　40　，their life together did not last long.But they had two　41　，Gail and Edwin.

In 1940，Lena Horne became the first African American to travel and　42　with an all white jazz band.She　43　made records and performed at New York City’s Café Society jazz club.This was the first nightclub in the United States　44　racial barriers (隔阂).Many jazz clubs during this period had　45　 performers，but few allowed them to watch the　46　as part of the audience.

Lena Horne became very　47　.After performing at a club in Hollywood，California，she　48　filmmakers.So with the help of some filmmakers，she soon　49　making movies.Lena Horne said that she was able to make movies　50　she was the kind of black person that white people could accept.But she said this was the　51　kind of acceptance.It was because of the way she　52　，not because of how good she was or how hard she worked.

However，through her hard work，she helped　53　racial barriers.During her sixty year career as a performer，Lena Horne earned people’s　54　and respect.She used her fame to　55　social injustices(不公正)toward African?Americans.

1.                A．dream         B．performance     C．life  D．childhood

2.                A．disliked         B．found          C．lost  D．wanted

3.                A．taking          B．giving          C．making   D．designing

4.                A．saw            B．changed        C．surprised D．married

5.                A．Excitingly       B．Amazingly       C．Unfortunately  D．Happily

6.                A．relatives        B．children        C．friends   D．parents

7.                A．stay           B．play            C．perform  D．communicate

8.                A．always         B．hardly          C．never    D．also

9.                A．for            B．with           C．without   D．on

10.               A．black          B．yellow         C．brown D．white

11.               A．shows          B．dances         C．activities   D．people

12.               A．popular        B．hard-working    C．happy D．interesting

13.                                A．took care of B．looked down upon

C．got away from                     D．caught the attention of

14.               A．stopped        B．preferred       C．began D．enjoyed

15.               A．because        B．so             C．though    D．if

16.               A．fastest         B．worst          C．best  D．biggest

17.               A．served         B．sang           C．looked    D．acted

18.               A．break          B．protect         C．exchange  D．show

19.               A．hate           B．service         C．pity  D．love

20.               A．hide           B．fight           C．make D．experience

The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health. Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses relate to diet and forty percent of cancer relates to the diet as well, especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures.

That food is connected with illness is not a new discovery. In 1945, about 35 years ago, government researchers realized that nitrates, commonly used to preserve color in meats, and other food additives, caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic  additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and living animals, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes, but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.　　

1. What is the best possible title of the passage?

　 A. Drug and Food             　B. Cancer and Health

　C. Food and Health              D. Health and Drug

2. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

　 A. Drugs are always given to animals for medical reasons.

　 B. Some of the additives in our food are added to the food itself and some are

given to the living animals.

　 C. Researchers have known about the potential dangers of food additives for over

thirty-five years.

　 D. Food may cause forty percent of cancer in world.

3. How has science done something harmful to mankind?

　A. Because of science, diseases caused by polluted food haven’t been virtually

eliminated.

　 B. It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.

　 C. Because of the application of science, some potentially harmful substances

have been added to food.

　D. The scientists have preserved the color of meat, but not of vegetables.

4. What are nitrates used for?

　 A. They preserve flavor in packaged foods.

　 B. They preserve the color of meats.

　 C. They are the objects of research.

5. The word ‘carcinogenic’ most nearly means ‘_________’.

　 A. trouble-making                 B. color-maintaining

　 C. money-making                 D .cancer-causing