摘要: outnumber 数字上超过

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阅读下列短文, 从所给的四个选项中, 选出最佳答案。     

       More than 80 citizens of Shanghai have passed their 100th birthday, the city recently discovered. There were only 20 in 1982. Throughout China the number of people over 80 is more than 8 million, almost the population of Sweden. Chinese males (男人) equal (相等) or outnumber females until age 65. After that woman steadily (平稳的) gain until by 85. They outnumber men two to one. More males are born than female   because of infanticide (杀害婴儿). Whether that is true or not, collected numbers show that there 112.3 boys aged 1 to 2 for every 100 girls. Of teenagers (15 to 19) who will be reaching marriageable age in the following 10 years, a one in twenty surplus (过剩) of males is going to result in a lot of bachelors (单身汉).  

(1)   _____ have lived as long as 100 years.  

[    ]

A. 80 percent of old people in Shanghai

B. About 60 people in Shanghai

C. Over 80 Chinese people

D. More people in Shanghai

(2)  The word "outnumber" probably means __________.

[    ]

A. be larger in numbers than   

B. be smaller in numbers than   

C. equal    

D. be divided by  

(3)   Before the age of 65, __________.  

[    ]

A. there are more Chinese men than Chinese women   

B. there are more Chinese women than Chinese men   

C. Chinese women outnumber Chinese men   

D. Chinese men and women have the equal rights   

(4)   Which of the following statements is not true according to the passage?     

[    ]   

A. Sweden has a population of about 8 million.   

B. There are more men than women between the age of 65 and that of 85.   

C. In China boys outnumber girls.   

D. It has been reported that girls are got rid of when they are born.   

(5)   ___________ of the boys from 15 to 19 will have difficulty in      finding their wives when they reach marriageable age in about 10 years.     

[    ]

A. None

B. Half  

C. Most  

D. Some

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阅读理解

  The age of wealthy youth is over.Today's under-thirties are the first generation for a century who can expect a lower living standard than their parents.

  Research into the lifestyle and prospects of people born since 1970 shows that they arelikely to face a lifetime of longer working hours, lower job security and higher taxes than the previous generation.

  When they leave work late in the evening they will be more likely to return to a smallrented flat than to a house of their own.When, eventually, they retire it will be on pensions(养老金)far lower in real terms than those of their immediate ancestors.

  The findings are revealed in a study of the way the ageing of Britain's population isaffecting different generations.

  Anthea Tinker, professor of social gerontology at King's College London, who carried out much of the work, said the growth of the proportion(比例)of people over 50 had reversed the traditional flow of wealth from older to younger generations.

  “Today's older middle-aged and elderly are becoming the new winners,” she said.“Theymade relatively small contributions in tax but now makerelativelybigclaimsonthe welfare system.Generations born in the last three to four decades face the prospect of handing over more than a third of their lifetime's earnings to care for them”.

  The growing number of older people, many living alone, has also increased demand forproperty and pushed up house prices.While previous generations found it easy to raise a mortgage(抵押), today's under-thirties have to live with their parents or rent.If they can afford to buy a home it is more likely to be a flat than a house.

  Laura Lenox-Conyngham, 28, grew up in a large house and her mother did not need to work.Unlike her wealthy parents, she graduated with student and postgraduate loan debts of £13, 000.She now earns about £20,000 a year, preparing food to be photographed for magazines.Her home is a one-bedroom flat in central London and she rents the lounge sofa-bed to her brother.

  “My father took pity and paid off my student debts,” she said.“But I still have no pensionand no chance of buying a property for at least a couple of years-and then it will be some-thing small in a bad area.My only hope is the traditional one of meeting a rich man.”

  Tinkers research shows Lenox-Conyngham is representative of many young professionals, especially in London, Manchester, Edinburgh and Bristol.

(1)

By saying “the growth of the proportion of people over 50 had reversed the traditional

flow of wealth from older to younger generations”(Lines 23, Para.5), Anthea Tinker

really means that ________.

[  ]

A.

currently wealth flows from old generation to younger generation

B.

traditionally wealth flows from younger generation to old generation

C.

with the increasingly big population of over 50, the trend arises that wealth flows

from younger generation to old generation

D.

with more and more people of over 50, traditions have been reversed

(2)

Why are today's older middle-aged and elderly becoming the new winners?

[  ]

A.

Because they made relatively small contributions in tax, but younger generation will possibly hand over more than a third of their lifetime's earnings for the care of them.

B.

Because they contributed a lot in tax and now can claim much on the welfare system.

C.

Because they made small contributions, but now can make money easily.

D.

Because they outnumber(在数量上超过)younger generation and enjoy more privileges in the present society.

(3)

Which factor pushed up house prices?

[  ]

A.

Many young men, who live alone, have increased demand for houses.

B.

Many young men need to rent more houses.

C.

It is easy to apply for a mortgage for young generation.

D.

The number of older people, many of whom live alone, becomes bigger and bigger.

(4)

We can conclude from the passage that ________.

[  ]

A.

today's under-thirties are leading a miserable life in Britain

B.

Laura Lenox-Conyngham's attitude to work and life represents that of many young professionals in Britain

C.

life can get harder for under-thirties in Britain

D.

elders enjoy extremely high living standard in Britain

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阅读理解

  On 21 st-century campuses, is there room still for traditional literature such as Shake-speare?

  A declining number of students think SO in the US-a trend that worries leaders at many top universities, where engineers often outnumber humanity(人文学科)students.

  Seeking to stimulate interest in the liberal arts.Stanford University last month held an activity, which was designed to inspire freshmen dreams beyond cool jobs, such as working at Google.

  The 1,718 incoming students-nearly half of whom arrive intending to major in the sciences or engineering-listened to a lecture organized by the College of Humanities and Arts.

  “We're trying to break the idea that college is just something to get through on your way to a career,”said Debra Satz, associate dean for Humanities and Arts.

  In the mid-60s, more than 1 in 3 Stanford students majored in languages, literature, the arts, history and cultural studies.By 1995, only about lin 10 did-a figure that hash't changed much in a decade.Meanwhile, interest in engineering, math and computer science has climbed.

  Geoffrey Harpham, director of the National Humanities Center, said the humanities must be reinvigorated(复兴)and aye vital to the US'future.

  But for students in the Great Recession(经济大萧条), the siren song(诱惑)of science can be tough to resist.Economic anxiety is well-grounded, according to an arialysis showing that the earnings of workers who majored in engineering were up to 50.percent higher than the earnings of those who majored in the humanities.

  “Shakespeare wasn't in the humanities for the money.If you're all about the money.you wouldn't go there,”Satz said.But she added“humanities students who lahd jobs in tech-intensive fields do.just fine.”

(1)

The activity held by Stanford University was meant to ________.

[  ]

A.

inspire freshmen's dreams beyond good jobs

B.

10wer the freshmen'S interest in science

C.

help freshmen find cool jobs in future

D.

encourage freshmen to work hard

(2)

That the interest in science has climbed may be caused by ________.

[  ]

A.

literature declining

B.

culture influence

C.

economic anxiety

D.

parents'expectation

(3)

We can infer from the text that.

[  ]

A.

more and more students major in humanities now

B.

leaders at universities were optimistic about humanities

C.

students were not influenced by the Great Recession

D.

humanities were more popular in the mid-.60s than nOW

(4)

In the opinion of Satz.

[  ]

A.

college just helps you Off the way to a career

B.

humanities students can also make good monev

C.

humanities are very important to the US future

D.

most students should major i1"1 humanities

(5)

What would be the best title for the text?

[  ]

A.

The US future

B.

The Great Recession!

C.

Shakespeare or science?

D.

Traditional literature

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阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出最佳选项。

  COPENHAGEN-The world is gathered in Copenhagen for the U.N.climate summit, but Denmark's bicycle-friendly capital has also given its name to a movement of cities trying to find a kinder way to commute.

  Nearly 40 percent of Copenhagen's population cycle to work or school on ubiquitous(无处不在的)paved cycle paths.Many residents take to their bikes year-round, braving rain and snow through the winter in a city where the bicycles outnumber the people.

  Amsterdam and Beijing too are known for their bicycles, but the Danish capital is where urban planners from around the world have been looking for ways to get their people out of cars and up onto bikes, an effort known as Copenhagenisation.

  Klaus Bondam, Copenhagen's technical and environmental chief, calls himself a“mega cyclist”and says the bike's popularity stems partly from high taxes on cars which meant working-class Danes could not afford to drive in the 1930s and ‘40s.“Today you'll meet everybody on the bicycle lanes-women and men, rich and poor, old and young,”Bondam said.

  The local government has during the last three years invested more than 250 million crowns($49.42 million)in bicycle lanes and to make the traffic safer for bicyclists.Today around a third of the population drive cars to work or study, another third take public transport, while 37 percent cycle-a figure the city aims to boost to 50 percent by 2015.

  There are many benefits when citizens choose bicycles over cars:pollution and noise decline, public health improves, and more people on bikes or walking creates a sense of safety in the city.Fewer parked cars leaves more space for playgrounds, parks, shopping areas and other useful public places.

(1)

According to the first paragraph, Copenhagen is better known as ________.

[  ]

A.

a city without cars

B.

a bicycle-friendly city

C.

Denmark's capital

D.

the U.N.climate summit

(2)

We can learn from the second and the third paragraph, ________.

[  ]

A.

there is no path for cars during rainy and snowy days

B.

citizens are limited to have only one bike for each person

C.

two-thirds of people in Copenhagen cycle to work or school

D.

city planners try their best to encourage more citizens to ride bikes

(3)

Bikes are popular in Copenhagen partly because ________.

[  ]

A.

the citizens are unable to afford to buy a car

B.

the rich tend to keep fit by cycling to work

C.

young people regard cycling a fashion to follow

D.

high taxes were paid for cars in the 1930s and ‘40s

(4)

Which of the following is NOT the benefit of cycling?

[  ]

A.

Saving time on the road.

B.

Declining pollution and noise.

C.

Improving public health.

D.

Creating safety in the city.

(5)

We can learn from the passage that ________.

[  ]

A.

cars are forbidden to park in Copenhagen

B.

more citizens tend to choose cars in Copenhagen

C.

Copenhagen becomes a model for cities' traffic

D.

living standards in Copenhagen are greatly declining

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