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It’s not only rocket scientists and journalists who are following the course of “Shenzhou V”,or “Divine ship/vessel V”.There are also lexicographers,or dictionary compilers.The flight of the Spacecraft last week might help put some new words into orbit.?
One of them is a western media coinage used to refer to the Chinese astronauts.It s a combination of the Chinese pinyin “taikong”,meaning space,and the English “astronaut”,from classical Greek:“star sailor/navigator”,for people who was going into space as a career.
In the Reuters and AP reports of October 15,“taikonaut” was used as a proper noun.For example:The long March 2F rocket carrying “taikonaut” Yang Liwei lifted off into a clear blue sky over the Gobi desert at 9 am and entered its orbit 10 minutes later.?
A Long March 2F rocket called the Shenzhou V—“divine ship” in Chinese—carried a single “taikonaut” named Yang Liwei,38,following Russian cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin and American Alan Shepard in 1961.?
The word “taikonaut” is not a newly coined term.It first emerged in November,1999,when China launched its first unmanned “Shenzhou Ⅰ” spacecraft.?
At that lime,some English news media predicted that China would soon launch a manned space flight and created the word “taikonaut” for the Chinese astronauts.It was then borrowed by the Germans media.?
But it was left out of mainstream dictionaries,such as the Merriam—Webster Dictionary and Cambridge Advanced English ?
Learner’s Dictionary.?
However,the launch of the “Shenzhou V” will most likely help boost its status since there is already a word referring specifically to Russian astronauts in the dictionary entry.?
An astronaut of Russian (or the former Soviet Union)is called a “cosmonaut”,from the Russian “kosmonaut”.The word was derived from classical Greek:“kosmonaut” (universal)and “nautes”.One might argue that “cosmonaut” is a Russian variation on the earlier word “astronaut”.
On March 14,1995,US astronaut Norman Thagard became the first American to ride into space on-board a Russian launch vehicle,arguably making him the first American cosmonaut.?
And if this trend of coinage continues,more English variations for astronaut will appear as more countries are able to send their own astronauts into outer space,what would Western journalists call an astronaut from India or Africa we’ll have to wait to see.?
66.Give the best title of the passage.(within 10 words)?
解析:主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了因为中国载人航天事业的发展而派生的一个新英语词汇“taikonaut”的由来。?
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III. 完形填空（Cloze）(共15小题，计15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从方框内选择适当的单词或短语填空。方框内有多余的词或短语，每个词或短语限用一次。（答案写在答题纸上）
| found, may, of, led to, sometimes, rather than, mad, in fact, even if, different, water, part, drink, as well as, natural, include, important, wherever |
 | Many tourists nowadays walk around carrying plastic bottles of water, even in cities. The bottles seem to have become an (71)________ fashion accessory（配件）, and not only for tourists. (72)________, nowadays everyone seems to carry a bottle of water with them (73)________ they go. This fashion for being seen with bottled water, (74)________ called “designer water”, has (75)________ a massive（大量的） increase in sales over the past few years. There are now so many (76)________ brand names available in the shops that it is hard to choose. |
It is advertised as clean and (82)________, while tap water (83)________ be viewed with suspicion （怀疑）.
But is there really any difference between bottled and tap (84)________? Surprisingly, in the USA it was (85)________ that bottled water was not always as pure as most ordinary tap water. 查看习题详情和答案>>
III. 完形填空（Cloze）(共15小题，计15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从方框内选择适当的单词或短语填空。方框内有多余的词或短语，每个词或短语限用一次。（答案写在答题纸上）
| found, may, of, led to, sometimes, rather than, mad, in fact, even if, different, water, part, drink, as well as, natural, include, important, wherever |
第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36-55各题所给的四个选项（A，B，C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
When I was 16 years old，I made my first visit to Disneyland in America．It wasn't the first time I had been _16_．Like most English children I learned French 17_school and I had often been to France，so I 18_ speaking a foreign language to people who didn't understand _19 ．But __20_ I went to America，I was really looking forward to _2l_ a nice easy holiday without any _22_ problems．
_23 wrong I was! The misunderstanding began _24_ the airport。I was looking for a _25_ telephone to give my friend Danny a _26_ and tell her that I had arrived．A _27 old man saw me looking lost and asked _28_ he could help me.
“Yes，”I said，“I want to give my friend a ring．”“Well，that's nice，”he said，“Are you getting _29 ？ But aren't you a bit young?”“_30_ is talking about marriage?”I replied．“I just want to give my friend a ring to tell her I've arrived．Can you tell me 31 there’s a phone box?”“Oh!”he said，“there's a phone downstairs．”
When at last we did meet up，Danny explained the misunderstanding to me．“Don't worry，”she said to me，“I had so many _32 at first．There are lots of words which the Americans _33_ differently in meaning from us British．You'll soon get used to 34 funny things they say．Most of the _35_ , British and American people understand each other!”
16. A．out B．away C．outside D．abroad
17. A．from B．during C．at D．after
18. A．get used to B．was used to C．used to D．used
19. A．English B．French C．Russian D．Latin
20. A．when B．while C．if D．for
21. A．buying B．having C．giving D．receiving
22. A．time B．human C．1anguage D. money
23. A. Too B. What a C．What D．How
24. A．with B. to C．over D．at
25. A．cheap B．popular C．public D．good
26. A. letter B. ring C. news D. information
27．A. friendly B. strange C. stupid D. tough
28．A．how B. if C. where D. what
29．A. to marry B. to be married C. marrying D. married
30．A．You B．She C．Who D．He
31．A．where B．in which C．over there D．that
32. A．trouble B．difficulties C．things D．fun
33. A．write B．speak C．use D．read
34. A．every B．these C．some D．all the
35. A．chance B．situation C．condition D．time
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完形填空：阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。（共20小题，每小题1.5分）
In the past, man did not have to think about the protection of his environment. There were few people on the earth, and natural resources seemed to be 46 . Today things are 47 , the world has become too 48 . We are using up our natural resources too quickly, and at the same time we are 49 our environment with dangerous chemicals. If we continue to do this, human life on the earth 50 survive.
Everyone 51 today that if too many fish are taken from the sea, there will soon be none left. Yet, with modern fishing 52 , more and more fish are caught. We know that if too many trees are cut down, 53 will disappear and nothing will grow on the land. Yet, we 54 to use bigger and more powerful machines to 55 more and more trees.
We realize that if rivers are polluted with waste products from factories, we will die. 56 , in most countries wastes are 57 put into rivers or into the sea, and there are 58 laws to stop this. We know, too, that if the 59 of the world continues to rise at the present rate, in a few years there will not be enough 60 . What can we do to solve these problems ?
If we eat more vegetables and less 61 , there will be more food available for everyone. Land that is used to grow crops 62 five times more people than land where animals are kept. Our natural resources will 63 longer if we learn to recycle them. The world population will not rise so quickly if people use modern methods of birth 64 .
Finally, if we educate people to think about the problems, we shall have a better and clearer 65 in the future.
1.A. beautiful B. unlimited C. rare D. valuable
2.A. common B. the same C. changeable D. different
3.A. crowded B. small C. dirty D. busy
4.A. protecting B. saving C. polluting D. fighting
5.A. may not B. will not C. shall not D. could not
6.A. wonders B. realizes C. consider D. discovers
7.A. poles B. boats C. methods D. ideas
8.A mountains B. the sea C. trees D. forests
9.A. continue B. have C. ought D. go on
10.A. grow B. plant C. save D. cut down
11.A. Thus B. However
C. Generally speaking D. Therefore
12.A. still B. even C. also D. certainly
13.A. too many B. a few C. some D. few
14.A. production B. pollution C. population D. revolution
15.A. houses B. vegetables C. food D. lives
16.A. fruit B. meat C. fish D. grain
17.A. feeds B. increases C. supplies D. helps
18.A. use B. stay C. keep D. last
19.A. control B. born C. plan D. reward
20.A. nature B. sea C. planet D. forest
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