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It’s not only rocket scientists and journalists who are following the course of “Shenzhou V”,or “Divine ship/vessel V”.There are also lexicographers,or dictionary compilers.The flight of the Spacecraft last week might help put some new words into orbit.?
One of them is a western media coinage used to refer to the Chinese astronauts.It s a combination of the Chinese pinyin “taikong”,meaning space,and the English “astronaut”,from classical Greek:“star sailor/navigator”,for people who was going into space as a career.
In the Reuters and AP reports of October 15,“taikonaut” was used as a proper noun.For example:The long March 2F rocket carrying “taikonaut” Yang Liwei lifted off into a clear blue sky over the Gobi desert at 9 am and entered its orbit 10 minutes later.?
A Long March 2F rocket called the Shenzhou V—“divine ship” in Chinese—carried a single “taikonaut” named Yang Liwei,38,following Russian cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin and American Alan Shepard in 1961.?
The word “taikonaut” is not a newly coined term.It first emerged in November,1999,when China launched its first unmanned “Shenzhou Ⅰ” spacecraft.?
At that lime,some English news media predicted that China would soon launch a manned space flight and created the word “taikonaut” for the Chinese astronauts.It was then borrowed by the Germans media.?
But it was left out of mainstream dictionaries,such as the Merriam—Webster Dictionary and Cambridge Advanced English ?
Learner’s Dictionary.?
However,the launch of the “Shenzhou V” will most likely help boost its status since there is already a word referring specifically to Russian astronauts in the dictionary entry.?
An astronaut of Russian (or the former Soviet Union)is called a “cosmonaut”,from the Russian “kosmonaut”.The word was derived from classical Greek:“kosmonaut” (universal)and “nautes”.One might argue that “cosmonaut” is a Russian variation on the earlier word “astronaut”.
On March 14,1995,US astronaut Norman Thagard became the first American to ride into space on-board a Russian launch vehicle,arguably making him the first American cosmonaut.?
And if this trend of coinage continues,more English variations for astronaut will appear as more countries are able to send their own astronauts into outer space,what would Western journalists call an astronaut from India or Africa we’ll have to wait to see.?
66.Give the best title of the passage.(within 10 words)?
解析:主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了因为中国载人航天事业的发展而派生的一个新英语词汇“taikonaut”的由来。?
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根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。
【小题1】
Today,kids have more worries and face more pressures than ever before. Here are a few tips to help your child focus on and do well in school.
●Create a personal schedule
Recording everything that must be done on a calendar or “to do” list will help him to keep track of important dates and deadlines. If he keeps it in a visible place he will have no problem acknowledging upcoming events and will be better able to plan how and where to spend his time.
●Watch the clock
【小题2】 I also recommend setting his clock or watch five minutes ahead since it's always easy to run late. When it comes to something like catching a bus,just five minutes can make a significant difference.
●Focus
He should train himself to be able to concentrate alone on one specific task. This is much easier in a noisefree environment. No TV or radio should be on to distract him.
● 【小题3】
Lack of sleep is proven to harm us physically. The more sleep we get,the more alert we are. We thus have more energy to handle life's daily tasks. The average adult needs at least six hours of sleep a night and the average child needs at least eight.
●Stay in shape
Through spending time outdoors or playing sports with friends,he can “blow off some steam” so to speak,as well as reenergize. 【小题4】
●Talk through your problems
Be able to share his concerns with you. 【小题5】 If you make it clear that you understand him and are willing to help,not only will you contribute to his emotional health but you'll help build an open and honest relationship as well.
| A.Sharing feelings often makes them easier to deal with. |
| B.Help your child work better to realize his aim. |
| C.Setting an alarm for the morning is a must. |
| D.Get enough sleep. |
F.Encourage your child to be positive.
G.Encourage him to get outside. 查看习题详情和答案>>
The greatest recent social changes have been in the lives of women. During the twentieth century there has been a remarkable shortening of the time of a woman’s life spent in caring for children. A woman marrying at the end of the nineteenth century would probably have been in her middle twenties, and would be likely to have seven or eight children, of whom four or five lived till they were five years old. By the time the youngest was fifteen, the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years, during which health made it unusual for her to get paid work. Today women marry younger and have fewer children. Usually a woman‘s youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty-five and can be expected to live another thirty-five years and is likely to take paid work until retirement(退休) at sixty. Even while she has the care of children, her work is lightened by modern living conditions.
This important change in women’s life-pattern has only recently begun to have its full effect on women‘s economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left schools at the first chance, and most of them took a full-time job. However, when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it. Today the school-leaving age is sixteen, many girls stay at school after that age, and though women usually marry younger, more married women stay at least until shortly before their first child is born. Very many more afterwards return to full or part-time work. Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life, and with the both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money, and running the home, according to the abilities and interests of each of them.
【小题1】According to the passage, around the year 1900 most women married ________.
A. at about twenty-five B. in their early fifties
C as soon as possible after they were fifteen
D. at any age from fifteen to forty-five
【小题2】 We are told that in a common family about 1900 _________.
| A.many children died before they were five |
| B.seven or eight children lived to be more than five |
| C.the youngest child would be fifteen |
| D.four or five children died when they were five |
| A.would be healthy enough to take up paid jobs |
| B.was usually expected to die fairly soon |
| C.would expect to work until she died |
| D.was unlikely to find a job even if she wanted one |
| A.marry instead of getting paid work | B.marry before they are twenty-five |
| C.have more children under fifteen | D.have too few children |
阅读下列应用文及相关信息,并按照要求匹配信息,并将答案写到二卷答题纸上。
A
“Just do it!”— this slogan (口号) speaks out to teens. It tells them to do something, but only if they think it’s worth it. And if so, why not do it wearing Nike?
B
“Always coca-cola.”— Coke’s slogans change every few years, but this one has enjoyed a lasting popularity because it shows the brand’s spirit. It seems to say “coke is the only drink there is; there are no other forms of drink.”
C
“Share moments, share life.”— This slogan from Kodak connects photos and beauty. It asks people to remember the happy moments in life by taking photos of them — using Kodak film of course!
D
On hearing the slogan “Make yourself heard”, you will know there is Ericsson product for you to call anyone.
E
One toothpaste ad says “bright-teeth fights bad breath!” The advertisers want you to read the word “fight” and think that the toothpaste cures bad breath.
请阅读以下购买者的信息,然后匹配购买者和他/她拟购买产品的广告:
1. Jack passed the entrance exam and was admitted to a famous university. These days, his father is looking for a mobile phone for him so as to keep in touch with each other closely.
2. Tom was a senior middle school student. He likes sports very much and plays football every afternoon. But after class this afternoon he has to buy a pair of shoes because his shoes have been worn out.
3. There’s a party this evening — for Mary’s 15th birthday. Her family are making preparations for it. Her brother’s job is to buy some drink.
4. Joan doesn’t want to forget the past, especially the happy moments.
5. Alice is afraid of opening her mouth, because a bad smell will come out, which makes her feel embarrassed when talking with others. So she needs something which can remove the smell no matter how much it is.
【小题1】_______ 【小题2】______ 【小题3】___ 【小题4】______ 【小题5】 _________
A major source of teen stress is school exams, and test anxiety is not uncommon. When you recognize your teen is under stress, how can parents help your teen stay calm before an exam?
Be involved (介入,参与). Parents need to be involved in their teen’s work. 【小题1】 What they look for is your patience—to talk, to cry, or simply to sit with them quietly. Communicate openly with your teen. Encourage your teen to express her worries and fears, but don’t let them focus on those fears.
Help them get organized. 【小题2】 Together, you and your teen can work out a timetable in which she can study for what she knows will be on the test.
Provide a calm setting. Help your teen set up a quiet place to study and protect her privacy. Give them a nutritious diet. It is important for your teen to eat a healthy, balanced diet during exam times to focus and do her best. 【小题3】 If this happens, encourage your teen to eat light meals or sandwiches.
【小题4】 Persuade your teenager to get some sleep and/or do something active when she needs a real break from studying. Help your teen balance her time so that she will feel comfortable taking time out from studying to spend time with friends or rest.
Show a positive attitude. 【小题5】 Your panic, anxiety and blame contribute to your teen’s pressure. Make your teen feel accepted and valued for her efforts. Most importantly, reassure your teen that things will be all right, no matter what the results are.
| A.Exam stress can make some teens lose their appetite. |
| B.Help your teen think about what she has to study and plan accordingly. |
| C.They will only make the situation worse. |
| D.Encourage your teen to relax |
F. A parent’s attitude will affect their teen’s emotions.
G. The best thing is simply to be there. 查看习题详情和答案>>