阅读理解

　　Some radio signals are reflected when they meet solid objects; for example, television signals are reflected when they meet walls and houses, or when they meet an aircraft in the sky. The picture is not clear when the signals are reflected like this. When a plane is flying near the house, the picture on the television screen sometimes dances about in a very troublesome (讨厌的) way.

　　These reflections, which led Watt to the science of radar, are now used a great deal. Radar instruments (仪器) can show the direction and the distance of aircraft. The signals are reflected only when the instrument points at the aircraft; this shows the direction. How do we find the distance?

　　Electromagnetic (电磁的) waves travel at a speed of 186, 300 miles per second. We know when the signal is sent out; we notice when it comes back. The signal takes a small fraction (小部分) of a second to go and return, but this time is known. So we know the distance from the ground to the plane.

　　Radar is very important to ships on the sea. In most big ships, a radar instrument is always watching the sea on all sides. It transmits (发射) a beam [(光线的)束] of radar waves and turns round all the time. If any other ship reflects the signal, a white spot is shown on a screen on board.

　　Big aircraft also use radar. The instrument finds other aircraft in the sky. A man’s eye is not good enough to do this because it cannot see far enough, but the radar beam can see for many miles.

　　A big plane flies at about 600 miles per hour, which is ten miles per minute. If two jet planes are flying towards each other, they are twenty miles nearer together after a minute has passed. This is dangerous unless the pilots know the facts and the radar instruments show them the facts.

1．What is necessary for the reflection of a radio signal is the ________ of an object.

[　　]

2．It can be inferred that Watt got the idea of his invention of radar from ________.

[　　]

A．the science of radar

B．shooting stars

C．the reflection of a radio signal

D．none of these

3．By the use of radar we can know ________.

[　　]

A．the distance of a solid object far away

B．everything we want to see

C．the direction of a far-away object

D．Both A and C.

4．The speed of electromagnetic waves is ________.

[　　]

A．600 miles per second

B．more than 180 thousand miles per second

C．about 18 thousand miles per second

D．none of the above

5．When a radar instrumant spots something, we can see, according to the author, ________ on its screen.

[　　]

A．some electromagnetic waves

B．a beam of light

C．a white spot

D．some numbers

阅读理解

　　Compulsive(强迫的)shoppers may have a new psychological excuse to blame for their wild shopping. Psychologists at the University of Canterbury in New Zealand are studying the“shop-till-you-drop”habit as a behavioral disorder similar to compulsive eating. Compulsive shoppers frequently buy more than they can afford or more than they need, and it causes them distress.

　　“It becomes a problem when you are out of control.”psychology lecturer Neville Blampied said.“When you are feeling bad and blue，what do you do? Some people eat chocolate cake and ice cream. Some people take the credit card and go out to the shop.”Bank managers understand the problem because they have to deal with people who have to be persuaded to stop using their cards drawing money.

　　Compulsive shopping was first discovered in 1915, although it was then known as oniomania. Few studies have been done on the problem.

　　An advertisement in a Christchurch paper, calling for people to take part in an experimental treatment program designed by Mr Wilson, attracted 10 replies. But the problem, said Mr Wilson，is“clearly not rare”. He thinks that compulsive shopping should be treated with drugs.“As psychologists we are interested in non-drug treatments for behavioral difficulties,”Mr Wilson said.

　　Compulsive eaters or shoppers get a kick from their habit.“Both activities provide an immediate kind of kick and you feel a bit better,”he said.“You have long-term problems, but human beings are extremely good at not seeing long-term problems and are very sensitive to short-term benefits,”he said.

　　The aim of the treatment was to help people find better ways of managing their emotions. The program, consisting of 10 one-hour weekly lessons and two follow-up treatments, is loosely based on teaching stress management.

　　“You 0ften have to start to get people to correctly recognize their emotions. Not being able to know what you really feel weakens your ability to solve the problems connected with what's making you feel that way,”Mr Wilson said.

1．What is this article mostly about?

[　　]

A．Signs of compulsive shopping.

B．Studies of compulsive shopping.

C．comparison of compulsive shopping and compulsive eating.

D．An experimental treatment program designed by Mr Wilson.

2．The compulsive shoppers will go shopping when _____.

[　　]

A．they have lots of money

B．they are taking drugs

C．they are feeling sad

D．they win a prize

3．The underlined word“it”in the first paragraph most probably refers to _____.

[　　]

A．compulsive eating

B．a new psychological excuse

C．the study done by Blampied

D．the behavior of wild shopping

4．Which of the following is considered important in treating compulsive shoppers?

[　　]

A．Teaching them to manage their money better.

B．Teaching them to understand their emotions.

C．Persuading them not to draw money from the bank.

D．Treating them with right drugs.

5．When the writer says that compulsive shoppers get a kick from their habit, he means that they _____.

[　　]

A．feel distressed after their wild shopping

B．feel better after treatment from psychologists

C．are better able to deal with stress problems

D．have a feeling of excitement after shopping

阅读理解

　　Compulsive(强迫的)shoppers may have a new psychological excuse to blame for their wild shopping. Psychologists at the University of Canterbury in New Zealand are studying the“shop-till-you-drop”habit as a behavioral disorder similar to compulsive eating. Compulsive shoppers frequently buy more than they can afford or more than they need, and it causes them distress.

　　“It becomes a problem when you are out of control.”psychology lecturer Neville Blampied said.“When you are feeling bad and blue，what do you do? Some people eat chocolate cake and ice cream. Some people take the credit card and go out to the shop.”Bank managers understand the problem because they have to deal with people who have to be persuaded to stop using their cards drawing money.

　　Compulsive shopping was first discovered in 1915, although it was then known as oniomania. Few studies have been done on the problem.

　　An advertisement in a Christchurch paper, calling for people to take part in an experimental treatment program designed by Mr Wilson, attracted 10 replies. But the problem, said Mr Wilson，is“clearly not rare”. He thinks that compulsive shopping should be treated with drugs.“As psychologists we are interested in non-drug treatments for behavioral difficulties,”Mr Wilson said.

　　Compulsive eaters or shoppers get a kick from their habit.“Both activities provide an immediate kind of kick and you feel a bit better,”he said.“You have long-term problems, but human beings are extremely good at not seeing long-term problems and are very sensitive to short-term benefits,”he said.

　　The aim of the treatment was to help people find better ways of managing their emotions. The program, consisting of 10 one-hour weekly lessons and two follow-up treatments, is loosely based on teaching stress management.

　　“You 0ften have to start to get people to correctly recognize their emotions. Not being able to know what you really feel weakens your ability to solve the problems connected with what's making you feel that way,”Mr Wilson said.

1．What is this article mostly about?

[　　]

A．Signs of compulsive shopping.

B．Studies of compulsive shopping.

C．comparison of compulsive shopping and compulsive eating.

D．An experimental treatment program designed by Mr Wilson.

2．The compulsive shoppers will go shopping when _____.

[　　]

A．they have lots of money

B．they are taking drugs

C．they are feeling sad

D．they win a prize

3．The underlined word“it”in the first paragraph most probably refers to _____.

[　　]

A．compulsive eating

B．a new psychological excuse

C．the study done by Blampied

D．the behavior of wild shopping

4．Which of the following is considered important in treating compulsive shoppers?

[　　]

A．Teaching them to manage their money better.

B．Teaching them to understand their emotions.

C．Persuading them not to draw money from the bank.

D．Treating them with right drugs.

5．When the writer says that compulsive shoppers get a kick from their habit, he means that they _____.

[　　]

A．feel distressed after their wild shopping

B．feel better after treatment from psychologists

C．are better able to deal with stress problems

D．have a feeling of excitement after shopping