摘要:19.You had better to your audience for your coming late. [答案] make an apology

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The benefits of keeping a journal (日志)

If you want to grow, one important thing you should do is keeping a journal. It may seem simple, but it can make a big difference in your life. I have been keeping journals for years. Writing all the lessons I learn and all the ideas I get has become a habit for me.    1.   Here are some benefits you will get by keeping a journal.

◆ It prevents you from losing an idea. Have you ever gotten an idea only to lose it later because you didn’t write it down?   2.   But then I developed the habit of writing down every idea that came into my mind as soon as possible. If I’m away from my computer, I usually write it down on a piece of paper that I bring wherever I go. I will then transfer the idea to the journal in my computer.

◆ It helps you review all the lessons you’ve learned. By reviewing your journal, you can quickly see the lessons you’ve learned and the ideas you’ve gotten.    3.   You can use the ideas to propel (鞭策) yourself forward.

   4.   After keeping a journal for years, you can look back at it and see how far you’ve gone. Things that were big problems in the past might seem small today. The raw ideas you had in the past might have been realized today.

◆ It helps you expand your ideas. When you try to come up with a sentence to express an idea, you are thinking actively about it.    5.   In the end, you will expand your ideas.

A.I often experienced that myself.

B.It trains you to express your thoughts.

C.It allows you to see your progress over time.

D.Just use whatever tool you feel comfortable with.

E. Thinking actively helps you connect your idea to another idea.

F. And to be honest, I can’t imagine what my life would be like without it.

G. Then you can do whatever necessary to avoid repeating the same mistakes.

 

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  When did you last see a polar bear?On a trip to a zoo, perhaps? If you had attended a winter activity in New York a few years ago, you would have seen a whole polar bear club.These “Polar Bears”people meet frequently in the winter swam in freezing cold water.That day the air temperature was 3 degrees.And the water temperature was a little higher.The members of the Polar Bear Club at Coney Island, New York are usually about the age of 60.Members must satisfy two requirements.First, they must get along well with everyone else in the group; this is very important because there are so many different kinds of people in the club.Polar Bears must also agree to swim outdoors at least twice a month from November through February.

  Doctors don’t agree about the medical effects of cold-water swimming.Some are worried about the dangers of a condition in which the body’s temperature drops so low that finally the heart stops beating.Other doctors, however, point out that there is a greater danger of a heart attack during summer swimming because the difference between the air temperature and the water temperature is much greater in summer than in winter.

  The Polar Bears themselves are satisfied with the benefits of cold-water swimming.They say their favorite form of exercise is very good for the circulatory system because it forces the blood to move fast to keep the body warm.Cold-water swimmers usually turn bright red after a few minutes in the water.A person who turns blue probably has a very poor circulatory system and could not try cold-water swimming.

  The main benefits of cold-water swimming are probably mental.The Polar Bears love to swim all the year round.They find it fun and relaxing.As one 70-year-old woman says, “When I go into the water, I pour my troubles into the ocean and let them float away.”

(1)

The members of the polar Bear Club must meet the following requirements except that _________.

[  ]

A.

they must swim outdoors at least 8 times in the four cold months

B.

they must reach the age of 60

C.

they should be easy to get along with

D.

they must agree to swim outdoors from November through February

(2)

According to the passage, some doctors believe it is true that _________.

[  ]

A.

Polar Bears are bears swimming in freezing water

B.

cold-water swimming can make the today temperature dangerously high

C.

you are healthy if cold-water swimming turns your skin color blue

D.

cold-water swimming causes more heart attacks in summer than in winter

(3)

The Polar Bears like to swim year round, for _________.

[  ]

A.

it is an easy way to keep the body warm in winter

B.

they can stay young

C.

they find it enjoyable and interesting

D.

they might meet fewer troubles in life

(4)

This passage is mainly about _________.

[  ]

A.

a group of cold-water swimming lovers

B.

the requirements of the Polar Bear Club

C.

the Polar Bears’ life in New York

D.

doctors’ ideas about cold-water swimming

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Today anyone will accept money in exchange for goods and services. People use money to buy food, furniture, books, bicycles and hundreds of other things we need or want. When they work, they usually get paid in money.

Lots of the money today is made of paper. But people used to use all kinds of things as money. One of the first kinds of money was shells. Shells were not the only things used as money.

In China, cloth and knives were used. In the Philippine Islands, rice was used as money for  a long time. Some Africans once used elephant tusks, monkey tails, and salt as money.

The first metal coins were made in China. They were round and had a square hole in the center. Different countries have used different metals and designs for their money. Later, countries began to make coins of gold and silver.

But even gold and silver were inconvenient if you had to buy something expensive. Again the Chinese thought of a way to improve money. They began to use paper money. The first paper money looked more like a note from one person to another than the paper money used today.

Money has had an interesting history, from the days of shell money until today.

In the Philippines Islands ______ was once used as money.

A. rice   B. knife   C. cloth    D. wheat

What was first used as money? ______.

A. Elephants tusks   B. Cloth   C. Salt   D. Shells

The first metal coins looked like ______.

A. square-shaped with some designs on them

B. square-shaped with a round hole in the center

C. round-shaped with a square hole in the middle

D. round-shaped with a round hole in the middle

The first paper money ______.

A. was passed from west Asia to China   B. looked like a note used today

C. was first used in Europe            D. looked like a piece of fur

We can infer from the passage that ______.

A. paper money isn’t difficult to make  

B. money must be suited to carry

C. people need money to exchange goods with each other

D. people prefer metal coins to paper notes

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