摘要:19.A.推断题意“鳄鱼朝上一看.猴子用尾巴倒挂在树上.朝它笑. look up朝上看.be hanging from the tree倒挂在树上.

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“进化”不了的爱

孙君飞

进化论包含着残酷的丛林法则,也隐含着生命的自私自利性。一个生命个体要想很好地生存下去,必须要将自己变得更优秀,学会“排他”,否则优胜劣汰的只能是自己。不过,人们在观察工蜂时,惊讶地发现,它们并未受到进化论的影响,它们混沌若当初,或者说它们完美地保持着一种纯粹而崇高的精神,这使它们成为生命进化中的另类。

工蜂属于生殖器官发育不完善的雌性蜂,即便能够产卵,也只是没有受精的卵,因此它们自身没有繁殖能力。这种缺陷可怕而又不幸,然而工蜂对此无动于衷,甘愿终身携带着缺陷而生,从未奢望将自身进化得更完美更强悍。值得称道的是,工蜂的适应性反而很强大,它们拥有相当厉害的武器——毒刺,刺上长有倒钩,一旦“亮剑”就不能回收利用。工蜂的毒刺是不折不扣的双刃剑,在伤及侵害者的同时,自己的生命也面临着终结。

蜜蜂家族中令人难以置信的社会结构更加震惊着世人的心灵,在这里一切都那么井然有序,合乎“法则”,一切又那么一往情深,合乎“生命之爱”。蜜蜂的利他主义行为也许会让达尔文难以理解,失去繁殖能力却能够将各种特征和习性一代代传承下去的工蜂可能更让达尔文目瞪口呆吧。答案其实很简单,一切都源于蜜蜂与众不同的遗传结构。换言之,存在于工蜂体内的遗传基因极其顽强,只有它们才会驱使工蜂去鞠躬尽瘁地照顾其它跟自己具有相同基因的生命,甚至为对方牺牲自己,却无怨无悔。

蜂后产下的受精卵天生高贵,常常会孵化出雌性幼蜂,而延续高贵的办法只有一个:它们只有食用了工蜂分泌的蜂王浆之后,才能发育成具有生殖能力的小蜂后,否则它们在长大后依然属于工蜂——从出生时开始,便将生命献给蜂群、终日辛劳的工蜂!

由于小蜂后的基因与工蜂的基因几乎相同,从身形外貌上看,彼此也几乎一模一样,这也许使工蜂顿感一阵甜蜜而幸福、神圣而自豪的恍然:站在我面前的,莫不是又一个“我”?我由此获得了新生,得到了永恒……工蜂在含辛茹苦喂养小蜂后的过程中,彼此的血缘关系升至最亲密最牢固。它们原本不是毫不相关的两个,而是见证生命延续、利他友爱的两个。因为相同的基因存活在它们的生命之中,工蜂在潜意识里将蜂后看得比自己的生命更为重要,为了对方、也为了另一个“我”和“我们”,它们可以在必要时完全放弃自己现实的生命及其未来。

(选自在《思维与智慧》有删节)

下列关于“工蜂”的表述,不符合原文意思的一项是

  A.作为生命个体,工蜂的生命隐含着自私自利性,要想不被淘汰,它必须将自己变得更优秀,学会“排他”。   

  B.工蜂之所以成为生命进化中的另类,是因为它们完美地保持着一种纯粹而崇高的精神,并未受到进化论的影响。   

  C.工蜂的适应性很强,尾部长有倒钩的毒刺是相当厉害的武器,在伤及侵害者的同时,工蜂的生命也意味着终结。   

  D.从出生开始,就为蜂群而终日辛劳的工蜂,能把各种特征和习性一代代传承下去,靠的是与众不同的遗传结构。

下列有关“蜜蜂繁殖"的表述,符合原文意思的一项是

  A.蜂后是具有生殖能力的雌性蜂,产下的受精卵天生高贵,孵化出雌性幼蜂,幼蜂长大以后就成为新一代蜂后。

  B.工蜂自身没有繁殖能力,属于生殖器官发育不完善的雌性蜂,即便能够产卵,也只是没有受精的卵,不能孵化幼蜂。

  C.存在于工蜂体内的遗传基因极其顽强,它驱使工蜂分泌蜂王浆,鞠躬尽瘁地照顾和自己具有相同基因的“孩子”。

  D.蜂后负责产卵,工蜂负责喂养幼蜂,因而小蜂后的基因与工蜂的基因几乎相同,身形外貌上也几乎一模一样。

下列根据原文信息所作的推断,不正确的一项是

  A.采粉、酿蜜、饲喂幼虫的工蜂是蜂群的主体,儿歌唱的“小蜜蜂,整天忙,采花蜜,酿蜜糖”,指的就是工蜂。

  B.蜜蜂家族一切都井然有序,合乎“法则”,合乎“生命之爱”,人类如果借鉴了这种社会结构.可能会更有利于社会和谐。

  C.为了蜂后和后代,工蜂不惜牺牲自己,是因为它们有奉献精神,潜意识里将蜂后和后代看得比自己的生命更重要。

  D.工蜂一生从事的是利他的事业,而不是优化自己的结构来繁衍后代,从这一点来看,    达尔文的进化论“适者生存”不科学。

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完成句子
阅读下列各小题,根据所给的整句汉语提示,用句末括号的英语单词完成句子,并将答案写在相应题号后。
1. Seldom________each other any more though we studied and lived in the same town.(see)
     即使我们生活,学习在同一城市,我们也很少碰面

2. Could you possible let us know________?(as)
     你一决定,请尽快告诉我们好吗?

3. ________,and you can see Mt.baker hard against the Canadian border.(look)
    朝另一方向看,你可以看到紧靠着加拿大边界的贝克山.

4. In space the astronauts will have to face the circumstances ________on the earth.(train)
    在太空,航天员将不得不面对他们在地球上训练时的情形.

5. I don't want to get to the end of my life and find that ____________ just the length of it. I want to have lived the width of it as well.(live)
    我不想在生命终结的时候才发现我只活了生命的长度,我也想要活出生命的宽度.

6. "If China saw social and economic confusion,then________a disaster for the world."said Wen Jiabao.(be)
   " 如果中国经济和社会出现问题,将会给世界带来灾难. "温家宝说.

7. By May 2008, the World bank was estimating that 100 million people subsistence poverty due to food inflation  in the first quarter of that year.(push)
    世界银行估计到2008年第一季度由于粮食价格的飞涨,有1亿人口陷入勉强维持生存的贫困状态.

8. I tell you in winter when there's no baseball, I stare out of the window,________.(wait)
    告诉你吧,在没有棒球的冬天,我就盯着窗外,等待春天的到来.

9. Kelly was born in China and grew up there.________she knows so much about China!(wonder)
    凯莉在中国出生长大.难怪她对中国知道得这么多!

10. ________in face of danger matters much in case of emergency. (stay)
     在紧急情况下,面对危险我们应该保持镇静,这一点至关重要.
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此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断:如无错误,在该行右边横线上画一个勾(√);如有错误(每行只有一个错误),则按下列情况改正:
此行多一个词:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉,在该行右边横线上写出该词,并也
用斜线划掉。
此行缺一个词:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A),在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
此行错一个词:在错的词下划一横线,在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意:原行没有错的不要改。
I will go to college in the near future.  After enter           【小题1】      _
college,  and I plan to set new goals in my study and life.    【小题2】
As I was away from my parents,  it is necessary for me       【小题3】      _
to learn live on my own, such as doing some washing,          【小题4】     _
shopping and cleaning for myself.  What's more,             【小题5】   _
in my spare time,  I will take part in different kind of             【小题6】    _
school activities,  for example,  I will often go to English         【小题7】     _
Corner to practice my spoken English.  Besides, I’ll try my     【小题8】     _
best to get along well with your teachers and classmates.       【小题9】     _
I'm sure if I will have a wonderful college life.  Bless me!      【小题10】     _

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Hey, Mr.and Ms.Unluckiness and Unhappiness! Terrorism, the war, the economic crisis and unemployment are at your door.Are you afraid of them? Well, don’t be! America is a happy land.The Smiley Face icon proves this in towns all over the country.

The tallest structure—the steel water tower—is often painted bright yellow, in a circle containing a pair of black dots for eyes and an upturned(朝上的)line for a mouth: the unforgettable smile.Most towns decorated their spheroid (or cylindrical) water storage tanks in the 1970s, when Smiley was still conceptually fresh.As a "safe" counterculture symbol, with absolutely no bite, the Smile Face water tower was a low cost way to radiate sunny greetings to travelers and locals.Calumet City, Illinois claims to have been the first, when 8-year old resident Kim Fornero sent a letter to the city council in late 1972 suggesting a smile face would be more fun to look at than a plain old water tower.

In the 1980s, with the paint on the water tower fading, residents of Calumet City decided to make the face their own.They repainted the tower, and a Happy Cook Restaurant and Smiley Face Inn appeared on the highway outside the town, ready to make you smile! Local businessmen printed the Smiley icon on their business cards, and displayed Smiley Face souvenirs in shop windows.

By the late 1990s, the survival of the Smiley Face water tower was assured.It didn’t matter why the face had been painted there—it was now a part of history.In May 2009, the town again celebrated its Smiley Face water tower as a symbol of hope for a better tomorrow.

60.The author mainly wants to tell readers that the symbol asks them to_________

A.greet people politely       B.deal with their problems

C.enjoy themselves            D.forget the past

61.The underlined word “icon ” in the first paragraph probably means________.

A.beautiful picture      B.building    C.image       D.valuable painting

62.Why did Calumet residents accept the tower happily?

A.It set a good example to them.      

B.It made them work harder.

C.They wanted to think it for supplying water.

D.They wanted to make the Smiley Face their own.

63.From the text we learn that the Smiley Face water tower________

A.was based on a painter’s inspiration

B.is a symbol of the prosperity of the town

C.is meant to give people hope for a better future

D.was created in 1972 by the city council, just for fun

 

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