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Virginia is set to begin enforcing the toughest drunken-driving punishment, one that will require thousands of first-time offenders—whether they were highly drunk or slightly over the limit – to install (安装) in their cars blood-alcohol testing devices that can lock the ignition. The devices work like this－A driver must blow into a blood alcohol device linked to the car’s ignition. If the result is higher than the legal limit, the car will not start. The device also requires random “rolling retests” once the driver is on the road.
Virginia’s current law requires only repeat drunken-driving offenders or those with a blood alcohol level of 0.15 or higher to have an ignition interlock device in their car.
The new law, which takes effect in July, will roughly increase the number of people required to use ignition interlock devices four times, and offenders will have to pay about $ 480 for a typical six-month installation.
The measure has caused a debate between groups battling drunken driving and those representing offenders. Such groups as Mothers Against Drunk Driving and the Washington Regional Alcohol Program say that Virginia’s 274 alcohol-related road deaths and more than 5,500 injuries in 2010 remained unacceptably high despite years of cracking down on drunken driving. Ignition interlock devices, they say, reduce repeat offenses. But some public defenders and lawyers argue that the devices are too severe a punishment for offenders at the legal blood alcohol limit of 0.08, and that the court system will be burdened by more cases going to trial and lower-income drivers will be affected by the fees.
Del. Sal R. laquinto, who sponsored the bill, had a simple reply for concerns about the costs of the interlock devices: “How much does a life cost?” “Blowing into a tube for six months, you will remember that, ” Iaquinto said, “ and you are not likely to offend again. ”
1.The ignition probably refers to the part in a car where ______.
A．the alarm goes off B．the car is fueled
C．the key is placed D．the engine starts
2.Who are required to install the blood-alcohol devices according to the current law?
A．The repeat drunken-driving offenders.
B．The first time drunken-driving offenders.
C．Drivers whose blood alcohol level is below 0.15.
D．The drivers who are not able to pay offence fees.
3.Some groups support the new law because ______.
A．the government can be financed to build roads
B．some traffic deaths and injuries may be avoided
C．lower-income drivers will not afford to drink again
D．the court system is forced to work more effectively
4.The debate aroused by the measure suggests that ______.
A．justice has long arms
B．punishment is the key to all
C．no law is absolutely perfect
D．prevention is better than cure
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John Smith was lazy. He had finished his education and was happy to sit in his room and listen to the radio all day long. In fact, he had been doing nothing for almost six months, which worried his father a lot. One day Mr Smith decided that he had to do something. “Johnny, When I was your age 1 was working and supporting my ten brothers and sisters. I want you to go out and get a job.” So that was what he did. In fact, in the next three months, Johnny started ten jobs and was fired from ten jobs. He explained to his father.
“They wanted me to be at work at 8:00 a. m. and told me to do all sorts of unpleasant things.”
“I don’t care how you do it,” Mr Smith said. “Either you earn some money or move out of the house. I gave you one week’s time.”
In the next few days Johnny began to change. He still stayed in his room all day, but spent his time writing letters and reading through the newspapers. More and more posts began to arrive for him. He bought a new suit for himself and invited his parents to the theatre and for dinner afterwards at the most expensive restaurant in town. When his proud parents arrived home after their evening hour, a policeman was waiting at the front door.
“John Smith,” he said as he handed him a piece of paper, “I’ll see you in the court tomorrow.”
When he got outside, Johnny told his parents everything.
“When you told me to earn some money, 1 decided to put an advertisement in the newspaper saying, ‘New way to money fast! Send me $ 5 and I’ll tell you my secret.’ When I received the money I wrote back telling people to do as I do.”
Johnny was fined $ 250 by the court and was ordered to pay all the people back. As he left the court house feeling very ashamed, a newspaper man came up to him, “Young man, would you like to tell your story to my newspaper for $ 2500?”
1. Johnny was fired from the jobs because _______.
A. he liked listening to the radio
B. he had a big family to support
C. he spent a lot of time writing letters
D. he didn’t do the jobs well
2. Johnny put an advertisement in the newspaper about _______ months after he left school.
A. three B. six C. nine D. eleven
3. Why was Johnny fined $ 250? _______.
A. Because he was lazy
B. Because he was out of work
C. Because he deceived(欺骗)
D. Because he didn’t pay for his new suit
4. What would probably happen at last? _______.
A. Johnny would get $ 2500 from the newspaper
B. The court would give $ 250 back to Johnny
C. Johnny would continue to advertise in the newspaper
D. Johnny would become a newspaper reporter
5.Which of the following questions is NOT answered by the information from the passage? _______?
A. How did the parents feel when Johnny invited them to the theatre and dinner
B. What’s Johnny’s secret
C. What did the policeman want Johnny to do
D. How much did Johnny have to pay all the people back
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阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从11-30各题所给四个选(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项.
Johny Conman was lazy. He had finished his education and was happy to sit in his room and 1 to the radio all day long 2 , he had been doing nothing for almost six months, which worried his father very much. One day Conman 3 that he had to do something.
“Johny, when I was your age, I was working and 4 my ten brothers and sisters. I want you to go out and get a 5 .”So than is what he did. In fact, in the next three months, John started ten jobs and was 6 from ten jobs, He explained to his father.
“They wanted me to work at 8 a.m. and told me to do all sorts of 7 things. A tiresome day to day job is not for me.”
Mr Conman decided to put his foot down.
“I don't 8 how you do it,” he said. “Either you earn some money or move out of the house. I give you one week.”
In the next 9 days Johny began to change. He still stayed in his room10 , but spent his time writing letters or reading through the newspapers. More and more post began to arrive for him. He 11 a new suit for himself and invited his parents to the theatre and 12 afterwards at the most expensive restaurant in town. When his 13 parents arrived home after their evening hour, a policeman was waiting at the front door.
“Johny Conman,”he said as he 14 him a piece of paper. “I'll see you in the court tomorrow.”
When they got inside, Johny told his parents everything, “When you told me to 15 some money, I decided to put an advertisement in the newspaper, saying 'New way to make money fast! Send me $5 and I'll tell you my 16 '. When I received the money I wrote back 17 people advertise a new money-making plan in the paper and wait for the 18 to send them money.”
John was fined $250 by the court and ordered 19 all the people back. As he left the court-house feeling very 20 , a newspaperman came up to him, “Young man, would you like to tell your story to my newspaper for $200?”
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A. to play games
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Prince Roman was a Polish nobleman, a captain in the army of Czar Nicholas of Russia. When his young wife died, the prince left the army and returned in sorrow to his native Poland.
In time, love for his country and its people took the place of his lost love. He joined a Polish rising against the Russians. The rising was crushed, and Prince Roman was taken prisoner. His relatives and friends begged the military court to have mercy on him.
The president of the court received these appeals kindly. He was a good Russian, but he was also a good-natured man. Russian hatred of Poles was not as fierce at that time as it became later; and the Russian felt sympathetic as soon as he saw the prince's thin, tired, sun-burnt face.
The court of three officers sat in a bare room, behind a long black table. Some clerks sat at the two ends, but no one else was there when the guards brought in the prince.
Those four walls shut out from Prince Roman all sights and sounds of freedom, all hopes of the future, all comforting thoughts. How much love for Poland remained in him then? How much love of life? He stood before his judges alone, having refused their permission to sit. He answered their first formal questions — his name and so on — clearly and politely although he felt too weary to talk.
Then the president of the court seemed to suggest how the young man could best help himself. He asked questions in a way that almost put the right answers in the prisoner's mouth.
“Didn't your wife's death drive you to despair? Wasn't your mind unbalanced by that sad event ?”
Prince Roman was silent.
"You were not fully responsible for you conduct, were you?"
Prince Roman was silent.
"You made a sudden blind decision to join the rising. You didn't realize that your actions were dangerous and dishonourable. Isn't that the truth of this unfortunate matter?"
The judges looked at the prisoner hopefully. In silence the prince reached for a pen and some paper. He wrote, "I joined the rising because I believe it was just." He pushed the paper towards the president, who took it and read it in silence.
Prince Roman was sentenced to hard work for life in the Siberian salt mines. It was a sentence of delayed death.
When Czar Nicholas read the report and sentence, he added in his own handwriting, "Make sure that this prisoner walks in chains every step of the way to Siberia."
1.What does the passage tell us of Poland at the time?
A．Polish officers in the Russian army had to return to Poland.
B．Russia was at war with Poland, so the Poles were enemies.
C．The Russians were very cruel rulers of Poland.
D．It was ruled by Russia, and Poles served in the Russian army.
2.How much love for Poland remained in the prince when he stood trial?
A．Not much, probably, after the failure of the rising.
B． More than he had ever felt before.
C．As much as he had ever felt.
D．The passage doesn't suggest an answer to the question.
3.The questions which the president asked show that ______.
A．he was trying to find excuse for the prince's conduct
B．the court wanted the prince to admit his own guilt
C．he wanted to learn the truth about the Polish rising
D．Prince Roman was a weak person
4.In the trial, Prince Roman ______.
A．was afraid to be responsible for his actions
B．blamed others for his actions
C．accepted responsibility for his actions
D．admitted his guilt
5.According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
A．The judges were less sympathetic than Czar Nicholas.
B．Czar Nicholas was as kind as the judges.
C．Czar Nicholas was not as sympathetic as the judges.
D．The judges were as cruel as Czar Nicholas.
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