I still remember--my hands and my fingernails still remember--what used to be prepared for us on our return to school from the holidays. The school yard would be covered with fallen leaves, lying around here and there in piles. In some places there were even more than just piles of them; it would be like a muddy sea of leaves.

　　“Get that all swept up!” the headmaster would tell us. “I want the whole place cleaned up, at once !”

　　At once! There was enough work there, very hard work, too, to last for a week. Especially since the only tools with which we were provided were our hands, our fingers, and our nails.

　　“Now see that it's done properly, and be quick about it,” the headmaster would say to the other pupils, “or you'll have to answer for it!”

　　So at an order from the older boys we would set to work. If the work was not going as quickly as the headmaster expected, the big boys, instead of giving us a helping hand, used to find it simpler to beat us with branches pulled from the trees.

　　In order to avoid these blows, we used to bribe our“kings” with the cakes or other good food which we used to bring for our midday meal. And if we happened to have any money on us, the money would change hands at once. If we did not do this, the blows were doubled. They would hit us so badly that even a dumb person would have realized we were being beaten not to make us work harder, but to make us obey. Thus we would be only too glad to give up our food and money.

　　Occasionally, one of us worn out by such cruel beating would have the courage to complain（抱怨）to the headmaster. He would, of course, be very angry, but the punishment the older boys received was always very small nothing compared with what they had done to us. And the fact is that however much we complained, our situation did not improve in the slightest.

(1) The writer says: “my hands and my fingernails still remember” because ________.

[　　]

A．his hands and fingers bear the sense of memory

B．he could never forget his headmaster

C．he suffered a lot from the hard work

D．he would remember his school life forever

(2) The older boys beat the younger ones extremely hard because ________.

[　　]

A．they wanted to make the younger work quickly and properly

B．they were too lazy to work themselves

C．they knew this would make the younger offer bribes

D．they knew the headmaster would do no punishment to them

(3) When the younger boys complain to the headmaster ________.

[　　]

A．it made no difference to them

B．it only made the matter worse

C．he would become very angry with them

D．he gave the older punishing blows

(4) Which do you think can be the best title for this passage?

[　　]

A．Hateful Older Boys

B．What a Headmaster

C．Wrong Use of Power

D．Hard Days at School

When an emergency situation occurs, observers are more likely to take action if there are few or no other witnesses．This phenomenon is referred to as the bystander effect．

       The bystander effect is also called the Genovese effect, which was named after Catherine Kitty Genovese, a．young woman who was murdered on March 13, 1964．Early in the morning, 28-year-old Genovese was returning home from work．As she approached her apartment entrance, she was attacked and stabbed（刺）by a man later identified as Winston Moseley．Despite Genovese]s repeated cries for help , none of the dozen or so people in the nearby apartment building who heard her cries called the police for help ．The attach first began at 3:20 , but it was not until 3:50 that someone first contacted the police．

       There are two major factors that contribute to the bystander effect．First, the presence of other people creates a diffusion（分散）of responsibility．Because there are other observers, individuals do not feel as much pressure to take action, since the responsibility to take action is thought to be shared among all of those present．

       The second reason is the need to behave in correct and socially acceptable ways．When other observers fail to react, individuals often take this as a signal that a response is not needed or not appropriate．Other researchers have found that onlookers are less likely to take action if the situation, is ambiguous^ R^E^?）．In the case of Kitty Genovese, many of the 38 witnessing reported that they believed that they were witnessing a " lovers' quarrel" , and did not realize that the young woman was actually being murdered．

1.The passage seems to suggest that Genovese might not have been murdered if there had been_____．

       A．no observer                 B．fewer observers 

       C．more observers ．   D．younger observers

2.Genovese was murdered                    .

       A．while she was going out        B．in her apartment

       C．halfway home           D．in front of her apartment ?

3.The underlined word "this" in the last paragraph probably refers to ____．

       A．not doing anything to help      B．behaving in correct ways

       C．taking action           D．murdering

4.We can learn from the passage that Genovese's neighbors didn't lend a hand partly because they ____．

       A．were afraid of being attacked by the murderer

       B．thought someone else might come to her rescue．

       C．didn't get along well with her

       D．were sure it was murdering

Singing had always been an important part of Gloria Estefan’s life. “ Since I was three years old, I sang. I sang everything,” Gloria said. “Gubans,” she added, “are a musical people.”
Gloria was born in Cuba in 1957. Her family left the country just before Fidel Castro came to power. In Miami, where the family settled, many people did not accept Cuban immigrants. In first grade, she spoke little English, but she worked hard to learn the language. Six months after she entered school, she won an award for reading in English!
When Gloria was ten , her father returned from the Vietnam War. Soon, the family realized he wasn’t well. They soon found out that he was badly ill. Her mother went back to teaching at school to support the family. Gloria cared for her father and her younger sister.
She still made the honor roll, and she still had her music, but Gloria was lonely. However, when the band leader Emilio Estefan came to speak at her high school, Gloria sang for him. He asked her to join his band. It was the beginning of the Miami Sound Machine. Within a few months, the Miami Sound Machine was the top band in Miami. In 1978, Gloria and Emilio married.
At first, the Miami Sound Machine was known only in Miami. Then the band signed with CBS Records. Estefan and his band became stars.
Since then, the Miami Sound Machine has sold millions of records. Estefan has done more than just singing when Hurricane Andrew hit central Florida in 1992. She used only two weeks to organize an all-star concert that raised $ 2 million for the people who suffered in the hurricane. “We needed a party after that disaster,” she said.
Estefan said, “You have to stay true to the music you really love to do. There will always be people who will tell you, ‘that won’t work.’ You’ve got to be firm in spite of difficulties. Stick to it——that’s the main thing.”
【小题1】Estefan’s father was ill ______.  

Children and young people tend to have certain role models – people they want to be like when they grow   1 . Though at first children would have wished to copy their mother, father or a (n)  2  relative, gradually these role models are thought of as famous people or popular   3 . People have different opinions about  whether  popular stars or other famous people are good role models for children. Charming models, such as Katie Price, are often   4  and thought highly of by young girls. This is the biggest worry of parents and teachers. They wish to   5  their children to have the concept that success is achieved through hard work and   6  rather than an attractive looking.

Most people tend to grow up to be those 7  are close to home — their parents or family friends. Some decide to be like their favorite teacher. A child who loves to   8  may want to grow to be the next Picasso or Van Gogh; Someone who loves to   9  might imagine themselves as a famous writer; if a child enjoys dancing, he or she   10  well admire a famous dancer, but this is not the case. A lot of dance students wish to be like their  11  teacher.

Therefore, the job of a teacher is   12  just providing knowledge of a given subject. They should be able to   13  their students’ trust and  14  them well. Helping youngsters to learn from models, to learn how to accept   15  with grace(优雅) and losing with respect, is central to any parent’s or teacher’s job. Manners are very important and a dance teacher can make use of  his or her position and influence(影响) to introduce  good behaviors to youngsters.

1.                A．younger        B．stronger        C．older D．taller

2.                A．generous       B．favorite         C．ordinary  D．humorous

3.                A．fans           B．stars           C．singers   D．dancers

4.                A．awarded        B．admired        C．admitted  D．afforded

5.                A．encourage      B．receive         C．hold D．ignore

6.                A．luck           B．imagination      C．effort    D．effect

7.                A．what           B．which          C．it    D．who

8.                A．read and write   B．sing and dance   C．listen and speak D．draw and paint

9.                A．write          B．read           C．travel    D．think

10.               A．should         B．may           C．must  D．need

11.               A．dance          B．music          C．art   D．piano

12.               A．better than      B．less than        C．more than D．rather than

13.               A．receive        B．lose           C．gain  D．accept

14.               A．communicate with                 B．keep up with   C．come up with   D．catch up with

15.               A．challenging      B．falling          C．failing D．winning

He lost his arms in an accident that claimed his father’s life who was the main   36  of support for the family. He had to   _37__  the arms of his younger brother，and his younger brother became his ___38 _ ，never leaving him alone for years. Except for writing with his toes，he was completely unable to do   _39_   in his life.

    One late night，his younger brother accompanied him into the toilet and went back to  __40__ . But being so   41___ ，his younger brother fell asleep，leaving him on the toilet for two hours. As the two brothers grew up together，they had their share of problems and they would often  __42__  . His younger brother wanted to live   _43__  from him，living his own life，as many normal people do. So he was   44 __ and didn't know what to do.

    A   _45__  misfortune befell(降临) a girl. One night her mother，who suffered from mental illness ___46_  . So her father went out looking for her mother，leaving her alone at home. She tried to prepare a   __47_   for her parents，only to overturn the stove，  _48 __  in a fire which took her hands away.

    Though her elder sister who was studying in another city，showed her   _49__  to take care of her，she was determined to be completely   _50__ . At school，she always studied hard.

    One day，the boy and the girl were both invited to appear on a television interview program. They were both asked to write something on a piece of paper with their toes. The boy wrote： My younger brother’s arms are my arms；  51_  the girl wrote: Broken wings，flying heart.

    Disasters can    52_  at any time. If you choose only to complain and    53    from the ordeal(苦难的经历)，it will always follow you wherever you go. But if you decide to be       ___54    ，the hardship will turn out to be a(n)   55   on which new hopes will arise.

1.A. cause            B. strength       C. source         D. course

2.A. live on          B. take on        C. turn on        D. depend on

3.A. shadow           B. volunteer      C. bodyguard      D. servant

4.A. something        B. anything       C. nothing        D. everything

5.A. play             B. work           C. wait           D. wash

6. A. tired           B. angry          C. impatient      D. unfair

7.A. support          B. separate       C. quarrel        D. avoid

8.A. lonely           B. different      C. separated      D. divided

9. A. heartless       B. heart-broken   C. kind-hearted   D. heart-warming

10.A. same            B. similar        C. simple         D. strange

11.A. died            B. disappeared    C. dismissed      D. failed

12.A. meal            B. medicine       C. heating        D. plan

13.A. leading         B. resulting      C. taking         D. bringing

14.A. willingness     B. anxiety        C. contribution   D. respect

15.A. independent     B. relaxed        C. disabled       D. energetic

16.A. since           B. while          C. as             D. though

17.A. strike          B. afford         C. form           D. return

18.A. hide            B. remain         C. survive        D. escape

19.A. careful         B. strong         C. healthy        D. polite

20.A. difficulty    B. fortune  C. occupation   D. attitude