In 1955, a man named Raymond Kroc entered a partnership with two brothers named Mcdonald. They operated a popular restaurant in California which sold food that was easy to prepare and serve quickly. Hamburgers, French fries, and cold drinks were the main foods on the limited menu. Kroc opened similar eating places under the same name, “McDonald’s” and they were a quick success. He later took over the company and today it is one of the most famous and successful “fast-food” chains(连锁店) in America and the world.

Why was his idea so successful? Probably the most important reason was that his timing was right. In the 1950s, most married women stayed home to keep house and take care of their children. During the 1960s, the movement for equality(平等) between men and women and an economy(经济) that needed more families to have two money-earners resulted in many women returning to the workplace. This meant that they had less time and energy to do housework, so they depended more on fast-food restaurants.

Single parents also have little time to spend in the kitchen. People living alone because of divorce(离婚) or a preference for a “single lifestyle” also depend on this type of food, since cooking for one is often more trouble than it is worth.

Fast food is not part of the diet of all Americans. Another of the 1960s was called back-to-nature movement. More and more Americans based their diets on natural foods. This preference for natural foods continues to this day. These products can now be found not only in the special health food store but also in many supermarkets.

1.The passage is mainly about ____.

A．how and why “McDonald’s” became successful

B．the effect social and economic changes have on people’s eating habits

C．why Americans prefer natural food

D．American eating habits

2.Which of the following was NOT a reason for Raymond Kroc’s success?

A．His partnership with the McDonald brothers.

B．A changing economy.

C．The back-to-nature movement.

D．Women’s equality movement.

3.We can infer from the passage that ____.

A．natural foods can also be found in McDonald’s

B．many married women in America returned to work in the 1960s

C．McDonald’s fast food is popular among the young

D．divorce caused people to change their eating habits

In Europe people hold the fork in the left hand and the knife in the right throughout the meal, a system that is generally agreed to be more efficient than the American zigzag（曲折的）method. Americans hold both the fork and the knife in their right hands throughout the meal, so they continually change their forks to the left hand when they have to cut their meat. It seems to be funny for the Europeans to see Americans busy changing their dinner sets, making a lot of noises. A few explanations for this American style are as follows:

(1)Americans are practical and efficient. Since most of us are right-handed, it is reasonable to keep our working tools at all times in the right hand that can use them most efficiently.

   (2)Americans, the master of the New World are rebels（判逆者).. They use the zigzag method to break the rules in the Old World and in this way they are thumbing their nose at Mother England. Americans are a restless kind. They do not like to sit in one spot for very long when dining.

(3)Forced to do so, they respond by “playing” with the silver.

Whatever the reason for the practice, it is now certainly as American as apple pie. Europeans recognize this and are quick to attack it as evidence of American innocence of form. Arguments against the zigzag method rest not only on grounds of efficiency but also on those of tradition. In Old World Dining, the knife is held in the right hand continually because it can serve as an instant defense against the uninvited intruders. However, such alertness（警觉）is out of place in the New World, as every American believes that this is the home of the brave. Americans juggle their silverware, perhaps, to show that they are not afraid and that one of them holding a fork is worth any number of them holding blades（刀）.

41．Americans use _______ to hold their fork to pick up the salad.

       A．the right hand  B．the left hand   C．both hands          D．either of the two hands

42．As the masters of the New World, Americans use a different cutting method from that in the Old World to_____ .

       A．show their independence of Mother England

    B．show their disrespect to Mother England

       C．add a new tradition to those in Mother England

       D．show off their creativeness to Mother England

43．In the sentence, the word “juggle” probably means           .

       A．hold                   B．play with             C．pick up               D．lay down

44．Also in the last sentence, the two “them” refer to          .

       A．Americans                                          B．Europeans

       C．Americans and Europeans separately      D．Europeans and Americans separately

45.What could be the best title of the text?

A. Old World Dining                   B. zigzag method

C. New World Dining                  D. Juggling fork and knife

Once in Japan there lived two frogs, one of whom made his home near the town of Osaka, while the other lived in Kyoto.  36 , they didn’t know each other. Bothof them liked to see a little of the world: the Kyoto frog wanted to visit Osaka, and the Osaka frog wished to go to Kyoto.

So one morning they  37. However, the journey was more  38  than they had expected, for they didn’t know much about traveling. Half-way between the two towns, at the top of a mountain, the two frogs  39  each other! Soon they fell into  40 .

“What a(n)  41  we are too small, ” said the Osaka frog. “Otherwise, we could see both towns from here, and  42  if it is worth our going on.”

“Oh, that is easily  43 ,” replied the Kyoto frog. “We have only got to stand up on our hind (后面的) legs, and hold on to each other  44  we won’t fall down, and then we can both look at the towns we are  45  to.”

This idea  46  the Osaka frog; he stood up and put his front paws on the  47 of the other frog, who had risen also. There they both stood, stretching themselves as  48  as they could. The Kyoto frog turned his nose towards Osaka, and the Osaka frog, towards Kyoto, but the  49  frogs forgot that when they stood up, their eyes were in the backs of their heads, and that  50  their noses pointed to their destinations, yet their eyes looked at the places  51  which they had come.

“Dear me!” cried the Osaka frog. “Kyoto is  52  like Osaka. It is certainly not worth such a long journey.”

“If I had known that Osaka was only a  53  of Kyoto I should never have traveled all this way,”  54  the frog from Kyoto. Then they started off for their  55  again.

1.                A．Surprisingly      B．However        C．Fortunately    D．Undoubtedly

2.                A．showed off      B．left out         C．turned away   D．set out

3.                A．wonderful      B．dangerous       C．exhausting D．exciting

4.                A．endangered     B．encouraged     C．encountered  D．embarrassed

5.                A．conversation    B．disagreement    C．competition   D．consideration

6.                A．shame          B．surprise        C．shortcoming   D．coincidence

7.                A．doubt          B．wonder         C．show     D．tell

8.                A．finished        B．managed        C．imagined  D．prepared

9.                A．as long as       B．in case         C．so that   D．unless

10.               A．turning         B．traveling        C．settling    D．adapting

11.               A．worried        B．disturbed       C．confused  D．pleased

12.               A．legs           B．shoulders       C．head D．nose

13.               A．high           B．wide           C．far   D．quickly

14.               A．adventurous     B．close          C．smart D．foolish

15.               A．because        B．though         C．since D．if

16.               A．from           B．to             C．around    D．in

17.               A．hardly         B．partly          C．mostly D．exactly

18.               A．corner         B．part           C．copy  D．spot

19.               A．exclaimed      B．announced      C．hesitated  D．thought

20.               A．destinations     B．dreams         C．homes    D．countries

Where can you find a nice place to relax on holiday for both you and your children? Well, I suggest you try the beautiful and green Isle of Wight (IOW). The Isle of Wight is one of the main tourist attractions. Here is some information on a few of the attractions on the IOW.

Dinosaur Isle

It is located in Sandown, a seaside town on the southeast coast. It's a large, lovely museum, both fun and educational. Here you can see a large fossil collection of all kinds of dinosaurs, as well as a gift shop. You can walk into the past and then the future, learning about the history and the development of the civilization of dinosaurs that lived 120 million years ago.

Robin Hill Country Park

The park is in the beautiful countryside, and is suitable for children's parties and games. It has five new gardens, and offers great opportunities to see and take pictures of the rare red squirrels.

The West of the Wight

Here we have the Marine Aquarium, the Archaeology Exhibition and the Model Railway. They offer another opportunity to combine fun with learning. This is a great place to see ancient boats crossing the narrow strait between the island and the mainland.

The Wight Bus Museum

This museum is run completely by unpaid volunteers. It has a bus collection stored in what was once a warehouse(仓库). Most of the buses in the museum date back to around the 1910's.

With all of these choices, what are you waiting for? IOW Tourism welcomes you!

1.Where can you learn something as well as have a good time?

A．Dinosaur Isle and Robin Hill Country Park.

B．Dinosaur Isle and the West of the Wight.

C．The Wight Bus Museum and Robin Hill Country Park.

D．The Wight Bus Museum and the West of the Wight.

2.It can be learned from the passage that ____.

A．those running the Wight Bus Museum work for free

B．on Dinosaur Isle we can learn about all kinds of animals

C．there are five new gardens on Dinosaur Isle

D．the Wight Bus Museum can be visited free of charge

3.The purpose of this passage is to ____.

A．show the development of tourism on the IOW

B．tell readers what is worth visiting

C．attract readers to come to the IOW

D．advise readers how to relax on holidays

4.You can read this article in a ______.

A．travel magazine                         B．science journal

C．book review                           D．film advertisement

People are being lured (引诱)onto Facebook with the promise of a fun, free service without realizing they’re paying for it by giving up large amounts of personal information. Facebook then attempts to make money by selling their data to advertisers that want to send targeted messages.
　　Most Facebook users don’t realize this is happening. Even if they know what the company is up to, they still have no idea what they’re paying for Facebook because people don’t really know what their personal data is worth.
　　The biggest problem, however, is that the company keeps changing the rules. Early on, you keep everything private. That was the great thing about facebook—you could create your own little private network. Last year, the company changed its privacy rules so that many things— your city, your photo, your friends' names—were set, by default (默认)to be shared with everyone on the Internet.
　　According to Facebook’s vice-president Elliot Schrage, the company is simply making changes to improve its service, and if people don’t share information, they have a “less satisfying experience”.
　　Some critics think this is more about Facebook looking to make more money. Its original business model， which involved selling ads and putting them at the side of the page， totally failed.  Who wants to look at ads when they’re online connecting with their friends?
　　The privacy issue has already landed Facebook in hot water in Washington. In April. Senator Charles Schumer called on Facebook to change its privacy policy. He also urged the Federal Trade Commission to set guidelines for social-networking sites.“I think the senator rightly communicated that we had not been clear about what the new products were and how people could choose to use them or not to use them,” Schrage admits.
I suspect that whatever Facebook has done so far to invade our privacy, it’s only the beginning, which is why I’m considering deactivating(撤销)my account. Facebook is a handy site, but I’m upset by the idea that my information is in the hands of people I don’t know. That’s too high a price to pay.
【小题1】What do we learn about Facebook from the first paragraph?