Most forest fires are caused by human carelessness, negligence, or ignorance. Forest fire prevention, therefore, is mainly a problem of creating a better understanding of the importance of forests, an awareness of the danger of fire in the woods, and a sense of personal responsibility to safeguard the forests from danger. This is not an easy job. A city dweller, used to paved street, does not easily change his smoking habits when he goes into the woods.

Careless smokers are responsible for thousands of forest fires each year. Many of these are started when cigarette butts and matches are tossed from automobiles. Others are caused by hunters, hikers, fishermen, or woods workers who are careless in disposing of their smoking material. The Forest Service has posted rules in many of the National Forests that prohibit smoking except in certain designated areas. Many of the states have laws against throwing lighted materials from automobiles. The prevention of smoker-caused fires, however, depends upon changing the attitudes and behavior of millions of people who smoke in hazardous area.

The most important natural cause of fire is lightning. This accounts for 11 percent of forest fires on protected land for the entire nation. In the western states, lightning causes a much higher percentage of fire than it does in the east.

Advances in knowledge of fire weather are helping forest protection forces to know when to be alert for lightning-caused fires. Adequate and well-equipped forces can control them quickly and hold the damage to a minimum. Experiments in “seeding” thunder clouds to prevent or control the lightning itself have been in process for many years, but new breakthroughs are needed for any significant reduction in the lightning starts.

　　 1. The passage is chiefly about

　　　　 A. smoking in forests

　　　　 B. the chief cause of forest fire and their prevention

　　　　 C. changing the attitudes and behavior of millions of people

　　　　 D. advances in knowledge of fire weather

　　 2. Preventing smoker-caused forest fires is mainly a problem of——.

　　　　 A. building the proper knowledge and habits in human beings

　　　　 B. safeguarding the forest from fire

　　　　 C. posting rules in forests

　　　　 D. holding the damage to minimum　　　　　　　　   　　

　　 3. Lightning-caused fires can be controlled quickly by——.

　　　　 A. hunters and woods workers　　　　　　   B. responsible smokers

　　　　 C. adequate and well-equipped forces　　　　 D changing people's habits

　　 4. Which of the following statements is not true?

　　　　 A. The chief causes of forest fires are human carelessness, negligence, or ignorance.

　　　　 B. Lightning, the important natural cause of forest fire, can be prevented or controlled by men.

　　　　 C.  Quite a few states in America have laws against throwing lighted materials from automobiles.

　　　　 D. “Seeding” thunder clouds are a good way to prevent forest fire.

Bicycle Safety

Operation　Always ride your bike in a safe, controlled manner on campus. Obey rules and regulations. Watch out for walkers and other bicyclists, and always use your lights in dark conditions.

Theft Prevention　Always securely lock your bicycle to a bicycle rack—even if you are only away for a minute. Register your bike with the University Department of Public Safety. It’s fast, easy, and free. Registration permanently records your serial number, which is useful in the possible recovery of the bike stolen.

Equipment

Brakes　Make sure that they are in good working order and adjusted properly.

Helmet　A necessity, make sure your helmet meets current safety standards and fits properly.

Lights　Always have a front headlight—visible at least 500 feet in front of the bike. A taillight is a good idea.

Rules of the Road

Riding on Campus　As a bicycle rider, you have a responsibility to ride only on streets and posted bicycle paths. Riding on sidewalks or other walkways can lead to a fine. The speed limit for bicycles on campus is 15 mph, unless otherwise posted. Always give the right of way to walkers. If you are involved in an accident, you are required to offer appropriate aid, call the Department of Public Safety and remain at the scene until the officer lets you go.

Bicycle Parking　

Only park in areas reserved for bikes. Trees, handrails, hallways, and sign posts are not for bicycle parking, and parking in such spots can result in a fine.

If Things Go Wrong

If you break the rules, you will be fined. Besides violating rules while riding bicycles on campus, you could be fined for:

×No bicycle registration…$25      ×Bicycle parking banned…$30

×Blocking path with bicycle…$40   ×Violation of bicycle equipment requirement…$35

1.Registration of your bicycle may help you 　　　.

A. find your stolen bicycle                   B. get your serial number

C. receive free repair services                 D. settle conflicts with walkers

2.According to the passage, what bike equipment is a free choice for bicycle riders?

A. Brakes.          B. A helmet.      C. A headlight.               D. A taillight.

3.If you lock your bicycle to a tree on the campus, you could be fined 　　　.

A.$25                           B.$30                           C.$35                               D.$40

4. What is the passage mainly about?

A. A guide for safe bicycling on campus

B. Directions for bicycle tour on campus

C. Regulations of bicycle race on campus

D. Rules for riding motor vehicles on campus

完形填空

　　If you cough occasionally, you may just be suffering from a common cold. __1__ if you have a rising fever with your __2__, or you have difficulty in breathing, you had better __3__ a doctor or call the emergency hotline (64629100 or 64629112)as soon as possible, __4__ these could be symptoms（症状）of SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome).

　　If you want to __5__ extra precautions（预防）and buy a filter mask, go to your local drug store. Your Chinese friends may __6__ you to take Banlangen, a traditional Chinese medicine widely __7__ in China to activate the immune（免疫的）system, or fumigate vinegar in your house to __8__ viruses（病毒）in the__9__, but“these measures are of no use in__10__the disease, ”said Dr. Qi Xiaoqiu, Director General of the Department of Diseases Control, Ministry of Health.

　　If you have __11__ returned from Hong Kong or areas __12__ SARS has been active, go to your doctor and __13__ him or her of your recent trip. If you develop symptoms __14__ your trip, stop traveling until fully __15__. If you pass 12 days symptom-free after coming back from these areas, you __16__ set your mind at ease（无忧无虑的）.

　　The following are some preventive measures you can take __17__ by experts from the Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention:

　　●Wash hands with running water after sneezing, coughing or clearing your nose;

　　●Use a clean towel or tissue after washing hands;

　　●Do not share towels with __18__;

　　●Keep a healthy diet, add or __19__ clothes according to changes of the weather and exercise regularly and get plenty of sleep;

　　●Relieve stress and do not smoke so as to __20__ your body's resistance to diseases;

　　●Reduce visits to crowded places with poor ventilation.

Cancer specialists in Europe and North America are using the Internet to spread knowledge of the latest treatments in the hope that more lives can be saved from the killer disease.

The European Cancer Institute, a privately-funded body in Milan, recently uncovered a database with its own site on the worldwide computer network which can help doctors in treating cancer.  Known as START, the on-line pool of information drawn from 170 leading cancer specialists throughout Europe will be available flee of charge from the end of the year on.

The START idea draws its inspiration from a highly successful US computer database called PDQ which has been in use for more than ten years. PDQ, which is brought up to date every month by a selected group of cancer specialists, has a vast range of information on treatment, screening, prevention, supportive care and drugs which have either been approved or are under investigation. It goes a step further than START by trying to help patients as well as the doctors that treat them. Most of the information is presented in two versions in technical language for specialists and in simplified form for patients. Its principal goal is to spread knowledge.

PDQ exports invite their European colleagues to join their monthly sessions to make the database up-to-date. They also plan to start offering multimedia (多媒体) presentation later this year.

One of the main aims of database services is to give doctors, who are often confused by the enormous volume of new medical research, the opportunity to keep up with latest cancer treatments. Besides, it is believed that giving cancer-stricken patients access to the best available treatments could reduce death rates by up to ten percent.

　　  1. The passage is mainly about——.

　　　　  A. a successful computer database ran by the US

　　    B. a new way of spreading knowledge on cancer

　　　　  C. a new way of restricting cancer development

　　　　  D. a new association of cancer specialists

　　  2. The European Cancer Institute——.

　　　　  A. is sponsored by individuals

　　　　  B. is supported by the governments of European countries

　　　　  C. was established by the government of Italy

　　　　 D. is one of the branch organizations of the UN

　　  3. Which of the following is true?

　　　　  A. The START idea has derived from that of PDQ.

　　　　  B. Both the databases provide information on treatment rather than on prevention.

　　　　  C. PDQ draws its information on cancer from expects all over the world.

　　　　  D. The START information is gathered from all cancer specialists in Europe.

　　  4.  It can be inferred from the passage that

　　　　  A. ten percent of patients all over the world will be saved thanks to the two databases

　　　　  B. doctors have to learn all their lives so as not to be left behind their field

　　　　  C. doctors are always confused by the great volume of new medical research

　　　　  D. PDQ has been presenting its idea on line for more than ten years through multi media

The European Cancer Institute, a privately-funded body in Milan, recently uncovered a database with its own site on the worldwide computer network which can help doctors in treating cancer.  Known as START, the on-line pool of information drawn from 170 leading cancer specialists throughout Europe will be available flee of charge from the end of the year on.

The START idea draws its inspiration from a highly successful US computer database called PDQ which has been in use for more than ten years. PDQ, which is brought up to date every month by a selected group of cancer specialists, has a vast range of information on treatment, screening, prevention, supportive care and drugs which have either been approved or are under investigation. It goes a step further than START by trying to help patients as well as the doctors that treat them. Most of the information is presented in two versions in technical language for specialists and in simplified form for patients. Its principal goal is to spread knowledge.

PDQ exports invite their European colleagues to join their monthly sessions to make the database up-to-date. They also plan to start offering multimedia (多媒体) presentation later this year.

One of the main aims of database services is to give doctors, who are often confused by the enormous volume of new medical research, the opportunity to keep up with latest cancer treatments. Besides, it is believed that giving cancer-stricken patients access to the best available treatments could reduce death rates by up to ten percent.

　　  1. The passage is mainly about——.

　　　　  A. a successful computer database ran by the US

　　    B. a new way of spreading knowledge on cancer

　　　　  C. a new way of restricting cancer development

　　　　  D. a new association of cancer specialists

　　  2. The European Cancer Institute——.

　　　　  A. is sponsored by individuals

　　　　  B. is supported by the governments of European countries

　　　　  C. was established by the government of Italy

　　　　 D. is one of the branch organizations of the UN

　　  3. Which of the following is true?

　　　　  A. The START idea has derived from that of PDQ.

　　　　  B. Both the databases provide information on treatment rather than on prevention.

　　　　  C. PDQ draws its information on cancer from expects all over the world.

　　　　  D. The START information is gathered from all cancer specialists in Europe.

　　  4.  It can be inferred from the passage that

　　　　  A. ten percent of patients all over the world will be saved thanks to the two databases

　　　　  B. doctors have to learn all their lives so as not to be left behind their field

　　　　  C. doctors are always confused by the great volume of new medical research

　　　　  D. PDQ has been presenting its idea on line for more than ten years through multi media