Yousuf Karsh，the Canadian portrait artist who photographed many of the most influential figures of the 20th century，died in a Boston hospital on July l3 th，2002．He was 93．

??? Working from a studio in Ottawa，Karsh produced famous portraits of such subjects as Winston Churchill，John F．Kennedy，Ernest Hemingway and Albert Einstein．Actually he has become almost as famous as his legendary subjects．In the latest edition of Who’s Who，which listed the most notable people of the last century，Karsh was the only Canadian of the 100 famous people listed——51 0f whom Karsh had photographed．

??? As a master portraitist，often working in black and white．Karsh was famous for talking to his subjects as he was getting the shot’s composition just right，asking them questions and putting them at ease．In preparation，he read as much as he could about the sitters，but avoided having the idea beforehand of how he would photograph them．He sought, as he wrote in Karsh Portfolio in 1967，to capture the “essential element which has made them great，” explaining，“All I know is that within every mall a secret is hidden，and as a photographer, it is my task to reveal it if I can．”

Karsh was born in America in 1908，and his uncle，George Nakash，brought him to John Garo，all outstanding photographer，to teach him in 1928．Four years later，Karsh set up his own studio in Ottawa．

In December of 1941，his memorable portrait of Winston Churchill brought Karsh into international fame．Canada’s Prime Minister Mackenzie King arranged for him to photograph Churchill following Churchill’s speech in the House of Commons．Not told，Churchill lit up a cigar, “Why was I not told of this?’’ Karsh asked him to remove the cigar and，when he didn’t，stepped forward and gently removed it with the comment，“Forgive me，Sir．”Churchill glowered (怒目而视) as the shot was taken，then permitted Karsh to take still another,；jokingly commenting，“You can even make a roaring lion stand still to be photographed．” The Churchill portrait has since appeared in publications all over the world．

??? Karsh traveled to London in 1943 with his portable studio —— an 8-by-10 view camera and many studio lamps to photograph such notables as George Bernard Shaw and the royal family．All these portraits fully illustrate Karsh’s ability．

1.What did Karsh seek to do most in working?

A．Capture the essence and greatness of the character．

B．Present the true and vivid expression of the subject．

C．Make the photograph more colorful and expressive．

D．Reveal the idea he has got in preparing for the shot．

2.The underlined word “sitters”in Para 3 probably means __________ ．

A．characters seated????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B．subjects questioned

C．models photographed????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D．photographs taken

3.The last three paragraphs are mainly developed by __________ ．

A．following time order????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B．providing examples

C．making comparisons????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D．giving causes and effects

4.From the passage，we can learn that __________ ．

A．Churchill was asked to stand still when Karsh took a photograph of him

B．Churchill’s portrait hanging in the House of Commons gave Karsh great fame

C．Karsh was listed as one of the 100 notables by Who’s Who in the last century

D．Karsh could skilfully adjust the subjects’ mood when photographing them

Reading to oneself is a modern activity which was almost unknown to the scholars of old times, while during the 15 th century the word “reading” undoubtedly meant reading aloud. Only during the 19 th century did silent reading become a common practice.

One should be careful, however, in thinking that silent reading came about simply because reading aloud disturbs others. Research into the historical development of silent reading shows that it became the usual way of reading for most adult reading tasks mainly because the tasks themselves changed in character.

    The 19 th century saw a gradual increase in literacy （读写能力） and thus in the number of readers. As readers increased, so the number of listeners dropped, and thus there was some reduction in the need to read aloud. As reading for the benefit of listeners grew less common, so came the popularity of reading as a private activity in such public places as libraries, trains and offices, where reading aloud would disturb other readers in a way.

    Towards the end of the century there was still heated argument over whether books should be used for information or treated respectfully, and over whether the reading of material such as newspapers was in some way mentally weakening. Indeed this argument remains with us still in education. However, whatever its advantages, the old shared literacy culture had gone and was replaced by the printed mass media on the one hand and by books and magazines for a specialized readership on the other.

    By the end of the 19 th century, students were being advised to form their own opinions on books and to use skills in reading them which were unsuitable for the oral reader. The social, cultural, and technological changes in the 19 th century had greatly changed what the word “reading” implied.

1．Why was reading aloud common before the 19 th century?

    A．Few people could read for themselves.

    B．Few people knew the value of silent reading.

    C．There were few places for reading alone.

    D．Scholars enjoyed themselves by reading their own works.

2．The development of silent reading during the nineteenth century showed      .

    A．a change in the social position of the educated people  

    B．a change in the nature of reading

    C．an increase in the number of newspapers

    D．an increase in the people’s understanding of the mass media

3．According to the text, educators are still arguing about           .

       A．the importance of silent reading

       B．the value of information given by books

       C．the effects of reading on mental development

       D．the value of different types of reading materials

4．We can learn from the text that “the old shared literacy culture” refers to          .

       A．the practice of reading to oneself          

       B．the practice of reading aloud

       C．the reading of books and magazines      

       D．the reading of newspapers

5．What is the writer of this text attempting to do? 

    A．Show how reading methods have developed

    B．Introduce a new method of reading

    C．Remind people of oral reading in old times

    D．Encourage the growth of reading in the future.

D day is a term used to stand for the starting day of a campaign or planned series of actions. When the secret starting date is unknown, secret or subject to change, D day is the reference point which helps planners arrange every step of a campaign. For example, the day before D day is D - ; the day after: D+1, D+2 and so on.

The letter D here stands for Day, so D day actually means Day day. More commonly the term has a military usage. In fact, it came into being during the First World War, but it was during the Second that D day got its common usage.

    The beginning of the end of the Second World War was the allied landing of Europe, and D day was its starting date. After months of careful planning, the exact day was fixed for June 5, 1944．Because of impossible weather conditions, at the minute the landing was put off until the following day.

1．If a man – made satellite is planned to launch on August 1 st, but for some reason, it is launched of July 29 th, then according to the passage, the day is          ,

                                       A．D – 2                  B．D – 3                  C．D+2      D．D+3

2．The allied landing of Europe            .

                                       A．brought the Second World War to an end

                                       B．started the Second World War

                                       C．took place on the day D - 1

                                       D．was the end of the Second World War

3．Why was the landing of Europe put off in the Second World War?

                                       A．Because it had been carelessly planned

                                       B．Because it was fine that day.

                                       C．Because it was raining that day.

                                       D．Because it wasn’t suitable for attacking that day.

4．Which of the following is true according to the passage?

                                       A．D day is a term used only in a campaign.

                                       B．In fact, the term D day is June 5, not June 6.

                                       C．D day is helpful for people to plan something to be happening.

       D．June 1 st, Children’s Day can be called D day.

——Why was our foreign teacher unhappy yesterday?

    ——News about the tsunami striking her country ____ an attack of homesickness.

A、set for        B、set out       C、set about   D、set off

More than 10 years ago, it was difficult to buy a tasty pineapple. The fruits that made it to the UK were green on the outside and, more often than not, hard with an unpleasant taste within. Then in 1996, the Del Monte Gold pineapple produced in Hawaii first hit our shelves.

       The new type of pineapple looked more yellowy-gold than green. It was slightly softer on the outside and had a lot of juice inside. But the most important thing about this new type of pineapple was that it was twice as sweet as the hit-and-miss pineapples we had known. In no time, the Del Monte Gold took the market by storm, rapidly becoming the world’s best-selling pineapple variety, and delivering natural levels of sweetness in the mouth, up until then only found in tinned pineapple.

       In nutrition(营养) it was all good news too. This nice-tasting pineapple contained four times more vitamin C(维生素C) than the old green variety. Nutritionists said that it was not only full of vitamins, but also good against some diseases. People were understandably eager to be able to buy this wonderful fruit. The new type of pineapple was selling fast, and the Del Monte Gold pineapple rapidly became a fixture in the shopping basket of the healthy eater.

       Seeing the growing market for its winning pineapple, Del Monte tried to keep the market to itself. But other fruit companies developed similar pineapples. Del Monte turned to law for help, but failed. Those companies argued successfully that Del Monte’s attempts to keep the golden pineapple for itself were just a way to knock them out of the market.

60. We learn from the text that the new type of pineapple is ______.

   A. green outside and sweet inside

   B. good-looking outside and soft inside

   C. yellowy-gold outside and hard inside

   D. a little soft outside and sweet inside

61. Why was the new type of pineapple selling well?

   A. It was rich in nutrition and tasted nice.

   B. It was less sweet and good for health.

   C. It was developed by Del Monte.

   D. It was used as medicine.

62. The underlined word “fixture” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to something ______.

   A. that people enjoy eating             B. that is always present

   CV. that is difficult to get               D. that people use as a gift

63. We learn from the last paragraph that Del Monte ______.

   A. allowed other companies to develop pineapples

   B. succeeded in keeping the pineapple for itself

   C. tried hard to control the pineapple market

   D. planned to help the other companies