60．What did Kramnik think of the Chess ? A．It became more and more difficult after the Chess –pla——青夏教育精英家教网—

摘要：60．What did Kramnik think of the Chess ? A．It became more and more difficult after the Chess –playing machines were invented . B．It’s more and more popular , with the computer developing . C．Chess is an art , a science , a sport , etc . D．Chess is a small world which is wide . 41~45 AABDC 46~50 BCBAD 51~55 AACCB 56~60 DDCBD A Love is what makes the world go round, or at least that’s what they say- If you love someone but you’re not married, how do you refer to that person? Do you feel comfortable describing someone as your “lover , for example? A recent BBC English program asked a group of English speakers to give their opinion on using the word “lover to describe the person they love? “It just implies a fling , I think. “The word `lover’ you wouldn’t tend to use in conversations to your friends. “I don’t know. It’s sort of implies, maybe you’re not living together , or maybe you’re somebody’s mistress. “It makes me blush a bit, actually, if people say `lover’. I always think, I don’t think I really want to know that. So each of those words “partner , “boyfriend, “girlfriend may be used. Yet, a word we’ve heard, none of them is accepted by everybody. The words are either too formal or informal, not clear enough or too explicit. What about the word “relationship ? Leonard Michaels of the University of Berkeley in California explained why he didn’t like it: The word is abstract, technical, cold. It suggests a distance between people when it’s used to describe, especially, a romantic connection. It has a formality about it. It suggests that your connection to another person is in some important way limited, perhaps temporary. Also, it has tended of later to replace a lot of other words that are much nicer than “relationship : words like “boyfriend , “girlfriend , “lover , “beau , “sweetheart , “steady date , so on and so forth. Professor Michael thinks the word “relationship is too distant and formal. It’s not as warm and tender as “boyfriend , “girlfriend or “sweetheart and it suggests a more temporary connection than “steady date . So if you `re not married, finding the right word to describe that special person in your life is not easy. Although laws in Britain about people living together without being married have changed, language is slow to keep up with these developments. The more words we have to refer to the unmarried lover, the more we realize that language reflects the different attitudes that still exist in society.

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阅读理解

　　Chess-playing machines were a common feature at the 19th century carnivals(狂欢节) .They would take on all competitors and usually wan, but they were all frauds(骗局)with human beings concealed inside.

　　Two centuries later, the “machine” is real.

　　A computer programmer Deep Fritz held world champion, Vladimir Kramnik, to a 4-4 tie. In doing so, Kramnik felt just short of avenging (复仇)the 1997 defeat of his predecessor Garry Kasparov at the hands of IBM's Deep Blue.

　　Deep Fritz is a commercially available product produced by Germany's Chessbase Gmbh. In this match it was running on 8,900 Mhz processors and could analyze 3 million positions a second.

　　Kramnk admitted he found the match exhausting. “ I need some time to recover. ”he said comparing the match with his 2000 defeat of Kasparov. “The pressure is similar but preparing against a computer is much more difficult. It has all the knowledge and you have to be prepared for all openings. With a human, you know that certain openings don't suit his style and won't happen, but not with a computer. ”

　　“The games themselves were different,” he said, “Against a computer, you have a feeling that if you make one mistake, it's over. So it's like going through a minefield. You're always watching for tactics, even in a quiet position.”

　　He also said that computers play faster. “The game has a different rhythm and it puts more pressure on you.”

　　“The main problem, ”he said, “is that you can never understand its logic. In a human sense, it has no logic. With a human opponent, you feel him and you know what path he will take.”

　　Chess enthusiasts have been arguing for centuries whether it's an art, a science, a sport or something else.

　　Kramnik doesn't see the emergence of computers making any difference to this argument. “Chess is very wide. It's not merely these things but a small model of the world. ”

　　Next spring, Kramnik is scheduled to defend his title as Einstein Classical Chess World Champion against Peter Leko of Hungary. While he welcomes a rematch against Fritz, it's not certain when it will take place.

1．The difficulties of competing with the computer doesn't lie in that ________.

[　　]

A．you can never understand its logic

B．the computer plays faster

C．it has all knowledge and you have to prepare for all openings

D．if you make one mistake, it's over

2．The underlined word “exhausing” ( in Para. 5 ) means ________.

[　　]

A．making something interesting

B．making someone excited

C．making someone tired

D．making something endless

3．Put the following events in the right order:

(1) Garry Kasparov was defeated by Deep Blue .

(2)Chess-playing machines were not real.

( 3 ) After competing with Deep Fritz, Kramnik felt exhausted .

(4)Kramnik's competition with Peter Leko of Hungary.

[　　]

A．(2)-(4)-(1)-(3)

B．(2)-(1)-(3)-(4)

C．(2)-(3)-(4)-(1)

D．(1)-(A)-(3)-(2)

4．What did Kramnik think of the chess?

[　　]

A．It became more and more difficult after the chess-playing machines were invented.

B．Chess is an art, a science, a sport, etc.

C．It's more and more popular, with the computer developing.

D．Chess is a small world which is wide.

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