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It’s not only rocket scientists and journalists who are following the course of “Shenzhou V”,or “Divine ship/vessel V”.There are also lexicographers,or dictionary compilers.The flight of the Spacecraft last week might help put some new words into orbit.?
One of them is a western media coinage used to refer to the Chinese astronauts.It s a combination of the Chinese pinyin “taikong”,meaning space,and the English “astronaut”,from classical Greek:“star sailor/navigator”,for people who was going into space as a career.
In the Reuters and AP reports of October 15,“taikonaut” was used as a proper noun.For example:The long March 2F rocket carrying “taikonaut” Yang Liwei lifted off into a clear blue sky over the Gobi desert at 9 am and entered its orbit 10 minutes later.?
A Long March 2F rocket called the Shenzhou V—“divine ship” in Chinese—carried a single “taikonaut” named Yang Liwei,38,following Russian cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin and American Alan Shepard in 1961.?
The word “taikonaut” is not a newly coined term.It first emerged in November,1999,when China launched its first unmanned “Shenzhou Ⅰ” spacecraft.?
At that lime,some English news media predicted that China would soon launch a manned space flight and created the word “taikonaut” for the Chinese astronauts.It was then borrowed by the Germans media.?
But it was left out of mainstream dictionaries,such as the Merriam—Webster Dictionary and Cambridge Advanced English ?
Learner’s Dictionary.?
However,the launch of the “Shenzhou V” will most likely help boost its status since there is already a word referring specifically to Russian astronauts in the dictionary entry.?
An astronaut of Russian (or the former Soviet Union)is called a “cosmonaut”,from the Russian “kosmonaut”.The word was derived from classical Greek:“kosmonaut” (universal)and “nautes”.One might argue that “cosmonaut” is a Russian variation on the earlier word “astronaut”.
On March 14,1995,US astronaut Norman Thagard became the first American to ride into space on-board a Russian launch vehicle,arguably making him the first American cosmonaut.?
And if this trend of coinage continues,more English variations for astronaut will appear as more countries are able to send their own astronauts into outer space,what would Western journalists call an astronaut from India or Africa we’ll have to wait to see.?
66.Give the best title of the passage.(within 10 words)?
解析:主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了因为中国载人航天事业的发展而派生的一个新英语词汇“taikonaut”的由来。?
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通读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后在各题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中,选出一个最佳答案。
One Saturday afternoon, a six-year-old girl went for a walk. She crossed a large area of grassland into the woods __36__ she realized that she was lost.
Sitting on a rock and __37__ what to do, she began crying. After a while. she__38__ to walk along a wide path lined with tall trees and thick bushes. __39__ it was getting dark, she saw a small, dark wooden house. She opened the door and __40__ stepped in. Suddenly, she heard a strange noise, and she ran out the door and back to the __41__. Cold and tired, she fell asleep near a __42__.
The girl’s parents were out and her dog, Laddy, was at home. Laddy __43__ that his mistress was in danger. He jumped __44__ a window, breaking the glass. He looked in the fields. But he couldn’t find his mistress anywhere. However, from the ground came a __45__ scent (气味) as he lowered his head. He __46__ the scent and walked across the grassland. Barking __47__ into the air, the dog __48__ through the woods until he found the __49__ . But the girl was not there, so he headed back to the woods. Much to his __50__ , he saw his mistress’ blue shirt in the distance. He __51__ over some bushes and saw the little stream, where the girl was __52__.When she opened her eyes and 53 her dog standing beside her, the girl said, “you 54 me, Laddy,” and she kissed him several times. Seeing their daughter and dog coming back, the parents burst into tears of 55 . That night Laddy had a hero’s supper: a huge meal of steak
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完形填空(共20小题; 每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读短文, 掌握大意, 然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出一个最佳答案,并在答题卡将该项涂黑。
For Chinese students, the end of their senior year is filled with studying and 36 when they prepare for the college entrance exams in June. But for American high school seniors, the experience 37 be more different. It is a celebration of their time in high school and 38 parties, games and fun.
Seniorities is a commonly used 39 . It means seniors have a disease which 40 them unable to do work. This starts in April, 41 seniors find out whether they have been accepted to university.
Unwilling to do school work, seniors have plenty of 42 activities to focus on.
Many school have a “Senior Show”. Only seniors are allowed to perform in it. Some seniors sing 43 dance but many of them perform skits (滑稽短剧).They 44 their favorite teachers or their friends. For example, a group of boys may 45 and imitate a group of their friends. It is all 46 .
The “Senior Show” is just a part of Senior Week — the week 47 intended for seniors. During this week, seniors usually get academic or athletic 48 for their wonderful jobs in high school. They also vote 49 one of their male and female classmates who they believe 50 the best-looking or funniest or most involved, etc. These are then 51 in the yearbook.
The yearbook is an important part of high school for seniors. There are all their pictures and some words from them in it. Seniors will 52 to get 53 signed by their friends so they can always remember their time together.
The end of 54 is a truly special and wonderful time for American students. It’s 55 they will remember for the rest of their lives.
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完形填空:阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。(共20小题,每小题1.5分)
In the past, man did not have to think about the protection of his environment. There were few people on the earth, and natural resources seemed to be 46 . Today things are 47 , the world has become too 48 . We are using up our natural resources too quickly, and at the same time we are 49 our environment with dangerous chemicals. If we continue to do this, human life on the earth 50 survive.
Everyone 51 today that if too many fish are taken from the sea, there will soon be none left. Yet, with modern fishing 52 , more and more fish are caught. We know that if too many trees are cut down, 53 will disappear and nothing will grow on the land. Yet, we 54 to use bigger and more powerful machines to 55 more and more trees.
We realize that if rivers are polluted with waste products from factories, we will die. 56 , in most countries wastes are 57 put into rivers or into the sea, and there are 58 laws to stop this. We know, too, that if the 59 of the world continues to rise at the present rate, in a few years there will not be enough 60 . What can we do to solve these problems ?
If we eat more vegetables and less 61 , there will be more food available for everyone. Land that is used to grow crops 62 five times more people than land where animals are kept. Our natural resources will 63 longer if we learn to recycle them. The world population will not rise so quickly if people use modern methods of birth 64 .
Finally, if we educate people to think about the problems, we shall have a better and clearer 65 in the future.
1.A. beautiful B. unlimited C. rare D. valuable
2.A. common B. the same C. changeable D. different
3.A. crowded B. small C. dirty D. busy
4.A. protecting B. saving C. polluting D. fighting
5.A. may not B. will not C. shall not D. could not
6.A. wonders B. realizes C. consider D. discovers
7.A. poles B. boats C. methods D. ideas
8.A mountains B. the sea C. trees D. forests
9.A. continue B. have C. ought D. go on
10.A. grow B. plant C. save D. cut down
11.A. Thus B. However
C. Generally speaking D. Therefore
12.A. still B. even C. also D. certainly
13.A. too many B. a few C. some D. few
14.A. production B. pollution C. population D. revolution
15.A. houses B. vegetables C. food D. lives
16.A. fruit B. meat C. fish D. grain
17.A. feeds B. increases C. supplies D. helps
18.A. use B. stay C. keep D. last
19.A. control B. born C. plan D. reward
20.A. nature B. sea C. planet D. forest
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通读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后在各题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中,选出一个最佳答案。
When I entered Berkeley, I hoped to earn a scholarship.Having been a Straight-A student,I believed I could 36 tough subjects and really learn something. One such course was World Literature given by Professor Jayne.I was extremely interested in the ideas he 37 in class.
When I took the first exam,I was 38 to find a 77,C-plus, on my test paper, 39 English was my best subject,I went to Professor Jayne, who listened to my arguments but remained 40.
I decided to try harder, although I didn’t know what that 41 because school had always been easy for me.I read the books more carefully, but got another 77. Again,I 42 with Professor Jayne.Again,he listened patiently but wouldn’t change his 43.
One more test before the final exam.One more 44 to improve my grade.So I redoubled my efforts and for the first time 45 the meaning of the word "thorough”. But my 46 did no good and everything 47 as before.
The last hurdle (障碍) was the final.No matter what 48 I got, it wouldn’t cancel three C-pluses.I might as well kiss the 49 goodbye.
I stopped working hard.I felt I knew the course material as well as I ever would.The night before the final,I even 50 myself to a movie.The next day I decided for once I'd have 51 with a test.
A week later, I was surprised to find I got an A.I hurried into Professor Jayne's office. He 52 to be expecting me.“If I gave you the As you 53,you wouldn’t continue to work as hard.
I stared at him,54 that his analysis and strategy were correct. I had worked my head 55, as I had never done before.
I was speechless when my course grade arrived:A-Plus.It was the only A-plus given.The next year I received my scholarship.I've always remembered Professor Jayne’s lesson:you alone must set your own standard of excellence.
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