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阅读理解
Many people take it for granted that black is a color of bad thing while white should always mean something good. This may be because, in their opinion, black is related to darkness and white to purity. However, that is not always the case. Did you know that the same one color may mean differently in different places of the world?
In the English－speaking world, black is the color of mourning－people wear black at the funeral. Red is concerned with danger or bloodshed. Yellow is the word for fear. If you axe afraid, you are yellow. Yet, none of these sayings is true outside the English－speaking world. In China and Korea white is the color of mourning. In Russia, China, and some other countries, red stands for beauty, life and excellence. In Italy and Germany, you are yellow with anger, not with fear.
Even within the English－speaking area, it is not difficult to find color contradictions (矛盾). A redcap in the United States is a porter in a railway station, in Britain, however, a redcap is a military policeman. Both names are logical. Because both men wear red caps. Similarly, the British term for an American white－collar worker is sometimes called a blackcoated worker.
One does not have to cross an area to find color differences. Would you rather be a redblooded or a blue－blooded? If we go back to the origin, we find that both terms are logical as both names suggest. The expression “blue blood” comes from Spain, where some noble families proudly told the world that they had “blue blood”. Actually they meant that they had no Moorish(摩尔人的) or Jewish blood. But then why “blue” blood? Because they were fair－skinned(皮肤白皙的), and it is only natural that their blood vessels stood out appearing blue.
1．Yellow is concerned with anger in ________.
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2．The two meanings of the term “redcap” result from a difference in ________.
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3．Both Britain and America would probably agree that ________.
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A．black is the color of mourning
B．a black－coated worker is employed in an office
C．red stands for beauty and excellence
D．a redcap is a porter in a station
4．It is not stated but implied(暗示) that some noble families in Spain had ________ color.
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5．The best title for this reading selection is ________.
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A．The Origin of Blue Blood
B．The Development of the Symbolic(象征性的) Use of Colors
C．Colors that carry Bad Meanings
D．The Meaning Concerned with Certain Colors
查看习题详情和答案>>The flag, the most common symbol of a nation in the modern world, is also one of the most ancient. With a clear symbolic meaning, the flag in the traditional form is still used today to mark buildings, ships and other vehicles related to a country.
The national flag as we know it today is in no way a primitive artifact. It is, rather, the product of thousands of years’ development. Historians believe that it had two major ancestors, of which the earlier served to show wind direction.
Early human beings used very fragile houses and boats. Often strong winds would tear roofs from houses or cause high waves that endangered travelers. People’s food supplies were similarly vulnerable. Even after they had learned how to plant grains, they still needed help from nature to ensure good harvests. Therefore they feared and depended on the power of the wind, which could bring warmth from one direction and cold from another.
Using a simple piece of cloth tied to the top of a post to tell the direction of the wind was more dependable than earlier methods, such as watching the rising of smoke from a fire. The connection of the flag with heavenly power was therefore reasonable. Early human societies began to fix long pieces of cloth to the tops of totems (图腾) before carrying them into battle. They believed that the power of the wind would be added to the good wishes of the gods and ancestors represented by the totems themselves.
These flags developed very slowly into modern flags. The first known flag of a nation or a ruler was unmarked: The king of China around 1,000 B.C. was known to have a white flag carried ahead of him. This practice might have been learned from Egyptians even further in the past, but it was from China that it spread over trade routes through India, then across Arab lands, and finally to Europe, where it met up with the other ancestor of the national flag.
1. The underlined word “ vulnerable” in paragraph 3 means _______.
A. easy to damage B. likely to be protected
C. impossible to make sure of D. difficult to find
2.The earliest flags were connected with heavenly power because they _______.
A. could tell wind direction B. could bring good luck to fighters
C. were believed to stand for natural forces D. were handed down by the ancestors
3.What does the author know of the first national flag?
A. He knows when it was sent to Europe. B. He doubts where it started.
C. He thinks it came from China. D. He believes it was made in Egypt.
4.What will the author most probably talk about next?
A. The role of China in the spread of the national flag.
B. The importance of modern flags.
C. The use of modern flags in Europe.
D. The second ancestor of the national flag.
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完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1-20各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A language is signaling system which operates with symbolic vocal sounds, and which is used by a group of people for the purpose of communication.
Let's look at this 1 in more detail, because it is language, more than anything else, 2 distinguishes man from the rest of the 3 world.
Other animals, it is true, communicate with one another by 4 of cries: for example, many birds utter 5 calls at the approach of danger; monkeys utter 6 cries, such as expressions of anger, fear and pleasure, 7 these various means of communication differ in important ways 8 human language. For instance, animals' cries do not 9 thought and feelings clearly. This means, basically, that they lack structure. They lack the kind of structure that 10 us to divide a human utterance into 11 .
We can change an utterance by 12 one word in it with 13 : a good illustration of this is a soldier who can say, e.g., “tanks approaching from the north” 14 who can change one word and say “aircraft approaching from the north” or “tanks approaching from the west,”; but a bird has a single alarm cry. 15 means “danger!”
This is why the number of 16 that an animal can make is very limited: the great tit(山雀) is a case 17 point; it has about twenty different calls, 18 in human language the number of possible utterances is 19 . It also explains why animal cries are very 20 in meaning.
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