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There is a lot of misunderstanding about studying. Most students have not been taught the principles behind really effective working. Imagine a graph showing the amount a person learns against the number of hours he works in a day. If he doesn’t do any work, he learns nothing (point 0). If he does an hour’s work he learns a certain amount (point 1). If he does two hours’ work he learns about twice as much (point 2). If he does more work he’ll learn still more (point 3). However, if he tries to do twenty-three and a half hours’ work in a day, he will be so tired that he’ll hardly remember anything: what he learns will be very little (point 4). If he did less work he’d learn more (point 5).
Now whatever the exact shape of the graph’s curve(曲线), made by joining these points, it must have a high point. Point “X” is the very maximum anyone can learn in the day. And this represents the optimum(最适度), the best, amount of work to do. It is the best possible compromise between adequate time at the books and fatigue(劳累). Fatigue is an absolutely real thing; one can’t escape it or ignore it. If you try to ignore it and press yourself to work past the optimum, you will only get on this downward slope and achieve less than the best – and then become very tired and lose your power of concentration.
The skill in being a student consists of getting one’s daily study as near the optimum point as possible. I cannot tell you what the optimum is. It differs with the type of work, it differs from person to person, and even in the same person it varies from week to week. You must try to find your own. Every day you study, bear this principle of the optimum in mind. When you feel yourself getting fatigued, if you find yourself reading the same paragraph over and over again and not taking it in, that’s a pretty good sign you’ve reached your highest point for the day and should stop. Most ordinary students find their optimum at five hours a day. Yours may be a little more or a little less – but if you get in five hours’ good work a day, you will be doing well.
Now, what are you doing with yourself when you aren’t working? Before examinations some students do nothing at all except sit in a chair and worry. Here is another misunderstanding. People often think that the mind works like the body; it does not. If one wanted to save one’s physical energy in order to cut the maximum amount of firewood, one would lie flat on a bed and rest when one wasn’t chopping. But the mind cannot rest. Even in sleep you dream, even if you forget your dreams. The mind is always turning. It gets its relaxation only by variety. That is what makes the mind rest.
When you’ve finished your optimum number of hours you must stop. You must not then sit around in the chair thinking about the work – that only tires without any learning. You must get out and do something. It doesn’t matter what – anything so long as you are actively doing something else but work.
1.According to the passage, _______.
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A．the longer you study every day, the more you will learn |
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B．you’ll achieve better learning results if you work three hours every day |
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C．the less work you do, the better you will learn |
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D．your work efficiency will decrease once you exceed a certain point of work |
2.Fatigue can result in ________.
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A．loss of memory |
B．a need for relaxation |
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C．a lot of anxiety |
D．loss of concentration |
3.The passage tells us that a person’s optimum number of working hours _______.
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A．follows a regular pattern with each individual |
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B．changes regularly from week to week |
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C．can be partly determined by the sort of work he is doing |
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D．should be determined before he gets too tired |
4.The only way the mind can relax is by ________.
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A．doing a variety of things in turn |
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B．not thinking about anything |
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C．turning continuously |
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D．getting oneself in a state of fatigue |
5.After you have reached the optimum point of study in a day, you should ________.
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A．lie in bed and rest |
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B．do something else actively |
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C．do some physical labor |
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D．stop thinking about your studies |
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阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When I smoked with my family, I would feel so 16 and good that nothing else in the world seemed so 17 . I thought that smoking weed (烟草) was okay since many of my family members and people at my school smoked. 18 ever happened to them. 19 I started smoking weed a lot more during lunch and after school. I never thought 20 of it. At that time I just wanted to smoke. Then I began to 21 in school. I would 22 classes, come home late and spend all my money. I would spend 23 8 to 18 dollars a day. I never thought 24 that marijuana (大麻) had a bad effect on those things. Maybe my coming to class high (神智恍惚) was the reason why I was failing or coming home late. As I continued to smoke marijuana, I began to notice that I would always have the strong desire to smoke and that I would get 25 cigarettes if I smoked those, but I don’t. 26 I have learned more about marijuana, I have 27 the amount of marijuana that I use. I don’t want marijuana to be the most important in my life. I’m not smoking every day, and not spending as much money. Since I have 28 on my habit, I am 29 more money. I’m ready to go back to school and do good, so that I can make myself 50 . Everyone is always saying how weed 31 your mind and how it solves problems. I think it only brings more 32 . Marijuana is not good for your body or your brain. I’m not trying to tell you not to smoke, I’m just letting you know that marijuana can be 33 to your health, and 34 it may cause some long term negative (负面的) effects. Help yourself now, before it is too late. I don’t want to lecture anyone, just 35 my experience with you.
【小题1】
| A．worried | B．relaxed | C．disappointed | D．moved |
| A．important | B．common | C．interesting | D．funny |
| A．something | B．Everything | C．Nothing | D．Anything |
| A．By the way | B．Now and then | C．In my opinion | D．For a time |
| A．too much | B．a little | C．too often | D．any more |
| A．get ahead | B．fall behind | C．come across | D．make up |
| A．give | B．have | C．attend | D．cut |
| A．at least | B．at most | C．no more than | D．as little as |
| A．once | B．twice | C．again | D．further |
| A．used to | B．paid for | C．lost in | D．ready for |
| A．as if | B．Even if | C．Now that | D．As long as |
| A．reduced | B．increased | C．bought | D．continued |
| A．broken down | B．cut down | C．turned off | D．cut off |
| A．wasting | B．spending | C．making | D．saving |
| A．less | B．more | C．better | D．worse |
| A．excites | B．fills | C．repairs | D．destroys |
| A．problems | B．pleasure | C．convenience | D．excitements |
| A．helpful | B．useful | C．dangerous | D．strange |
| A．in the beginning | B．in the distance | C．in the long run | D．in the past |
| A．tell | B．explain | C．regret | D．share |
听力
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
M：What jobs do women do in your country?
W：All kinds of jobs．There are women doctors，teachers，engineers，farmers and so on．
1．What are they talking about?
A．Jobs．
B．Women．
C．Teachers．
M：I know you once worked in this company．
W：Yes，I began to work in this company in 1988．Four years later I stopped working here because of my illness．
2．When did the woman stop working in this company?
A．In 1990．
B．In 1991．
C．In 1992．
M：Yesterday Mrs．King hurt her legs badly when she was repairing a machine．Now she is in hospital．Let’s go to see her．
W：Does her husband know it？He’s in the country．We’d better call him to tell him about it．
3．Where is Mr King?
A．In hospital．
B．In a factory．
C．In the country．
M：What are you going to do this evening?
W：I’ll go to visit Mr．Little at nine and go to see a film at eleven．But I won’t go out before eight o’clock．
4．What time did the woman go to visit Mr Little？
A．At 8∶00 p. m．
B．At 9∶00 p. m．
C．At 11∶00 p. m．
M：Do you think Mr．Pattis will be late for the meeting?
W：Well，If you think Mr．Pattis will be late，you are completely wrong．
5．What conclusion can we draw from this talk?
A．Mr Pattis will be late．
B．Mr Pattis will be here on time．
C．Mr Pattis makes mistakes．
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6～8题。
M：Susan．What do you do for exercise？
W：I run and ride a bicycle every day and go swimming once a week．What about you，Tom？
M：I used to go swimming and skating a lot in high school．But now I don’t have any time．
W：That’s too bad．Exercise is really important．
M：I know．What do you enjoy doing most of all？
W：I enjoy swimming．Well，I’m going swimming tonight．Would you like to go with me？
M：OK．I’ll be glad to．
W：Then let’s meet at eight outside the park gate．
6．How often does Susan go swimming？
A．Every day．
B．Once a week．
C．Twice a week．
7．What exercise does Susan like most of all?
A．Running．
B．Riding a bicycle．
C．Swimming．
8．Where will they meet that night?
A．Outside the swimming pool．
B．Outside the park．
C．Outside the garden．
听第7段材料，回答第9～11题。
W：Are you going to the gym now？
M：No，I’ve got a soccer game tonight．
W：Oh! Do you play on a team？
M：Yeah．We play every week．We are not very good but have a lot of fun．How about you？Do you play any sports？
W：I play basketball once or twice a week．
9．What’s the man going to do?
A．Play a soccer game．
B．Watch a soccer game．
C．Watch a basketball game．
10．What sports does the woman play?
A．Soccer．
B．Basketball．
C．Neither．
11．How often does the man play?
A．Every week．
B．Once a week．
C．Twice a week．
听第8段材料，回答第12～13题。
W：Listen to the song!
M：Hmm，it sounds familiar．What’s its name？
W：Smoke Gets in Your Eyes．
M：Speaking of smoke，I smell smoke，don’t you？
W：It must be a cigar．It smells awful．
M：I think it’s coming from the kitchen．
W：Your steak，sir．It will be ready in a few minutes．
M：Well，it is well done．
12．Where does the conversation take place?
A．In a kitchen．
B．In a restaurant．
C．At a concert．
13．What produces the smoke?
A．A fire．
B．A cigar．
C．The meat．
听第9段材料，回答第14～16题。
W：Hi，John，I haven’t seen you for a few weeks．
M：Oh，hi，Mary．I’ve been studying a lot for my final exam．
W：Well，the term is almost over now．
M：Yes．My brother’s coming for a visit this summer，and we’d like to see some of the country．But traveling is so expensive．
W：Have you thought about camping？
M：Camping？I’ve never done that．
W：I think you’ll really like it．It’s much cheaper than staying at a hotel．And being close to nature is a good way to forget about our school for a while．
M：What a good idea! We can go by bike until we find a nice place and just camp．
14．Why hasn’t Mary seen John lately?
A．He went to a camping trip．
B．He was visiting his brother．
C．He’s been studying．
15．Who will go camping with John?
A．John’s brother．
B．Mary．
C．John’s classmates．
16．What does John think of Mary’s idea about camping?
A．It’s wonderful．
B．It’s is unsafe．
C．It’s expensive．
听第10段材料，回答第17～20题。
Miss Jenkins was born in a rich family．She liked all the foods which were rich in fat and sugar．So she got fatter and fatter．Her workmates often laughed at her for it．She was angry with them and couldn’t get on well
with them．But her weight brought her some trouble．No young man liked a fat girl like her and now she was more than thirty，she had to live alone．She went to see the doctors．They gave her a list of the healthy diets and advised her to lose weight and of course it was difficult for her to do so．For example，it was her birthday one day．She went to a restaurant and bought a nice cake．The waiter asked her how many pieces she wanted him to cut it into．She thought for a while and said she was losing her weight so the cake would be cut only into two，not into six．
17．How old was Miss Jenkins?
A．Less than twenty．
B．Thirty．
C．More than thirty．
18．Why did Miss Jenkins get fatter?
A．Because something was wrong with her．
B．Because she liked fat and sugar very much．
C．Because she never had any sports．
19．Why couldn’t Miss Jenkins get on well with her workmates?
A．Because she was richer than her workmates．
B．Because she was fatter than any of her workmates．
C．Because she was often laughed at．
20．With whom did Miss Jenkins go to the restaurant?
A．With her servants．
B．By herself．
C．With her friends．