As the population of the planet increases, so does the number of homes, businesses, parking lots, schools, airports and roadways． All these structures use electricity and need to be lighted． Humans demand these lights． They want their homes more comfortable and they want their streets sage． The problem is that researchers are finding that all the light is having a negative effect on humans and wildlife as well．

Less than 10 years ago I drove to a thinly populated section of my town, lay down in the middle of the road and watched an attracted meteor shower（流星雨）． The area was short of homes, street lights and traffic． If I did that today, I wouldn’t be able to see the meteor shower as well, and I would surely be run over by a car．

Nowadays scientists are finding light pollution can be almost as bad as carbon dioxide pollution． If you’ve ever taken a flight at night, the view is beautiful, but you must remember that all the light you see is wasted electricity． The crew of the space shuttles see an even bigger picture of how extensive the wasted electricity is worldwide．

Additionally, electricity needs to be generated, and the generation of electricity creates pollution by giving off greenhouse gases． This affects the air we breathe and our quality of life．

Scientists are also studying the effects of light pollution on wildlife． Thousands of birds die each year when they crash into highly lighted buildings, as they become puzzled by the light． It has been long known that tiny sea turtle hatchlings become lost and follow lights on the shore instead of heading towards the sea．

Fortunately, light pollution is one of the easiest sources of pollution that can be corrected without a negative effect． Following some guidelines and a little searching on Google can give you many ideas on how to reduce your contribution to light pollution． 

67． The author tells the story in the second paragraph mainly to _________．

       A． remember the past beauty of the town．

       B． stress the advantages of less pollution

       C． show the great changes of the town

       D． prove the bad effects of light pollution

68． In the passage the author advises people _________．

       A． to try to reduce unnecessary light．

       B． not to ignore the beauty around．

       C． to set proper light for animals

       D． not to destroy the animal’s living conditions．

69． What can be inferred from the passage?

       A． Light pollution is difficult to deal with．

       B． Light pollution is a threat to some animals．

       C． Light pollution has nothing to do with global warming

       D． Astronauts can’t see clearly in space due to light pollution．

70． What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph which follows the last paragraph?

       A． The author’s contribution to light pollution

       B． Other sources of light pollution

       C． Ways of reducing light pollution

       D． More bad effects of light pollution

    Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage.

“Let's Talk”： The Free Advice Project

A few weeks ago, I took a walk around Washington Square Park. I met all the usual people: street performers, the Pigeon Guy, agroup of guitarists shinging in harmony. But off to the side, sitting on a bench was woman doing something vastly different—giving free advice.

A week or two later, I set up an interview with her and we discussed her project at length.

Lisa Podell, 32, started the Free Advice Project this past May. It began as an experiment; she sat in Washington Square Park for a day with a sign that read “Free Advice” as a simple way to reach out to people. Podell was astonished at the strong response.

Podell admits that she was doubtful at first, but now she describes the project as mutually(相互地) beneficial. People learn from her—but she also learns from them. She says that the majority of those who come to her are dealing with some pretty heavy issues, and they expect her not only to listen, but also to provide real answers.

Having worked as a full time teacher and now as an adoiescent advisor, Podell believes that talking things out is important in the decision­making process.

Sometimes, people walk around all day, kecping their problems in their own head and thinking about them in the same way. Podell simply tries to provide people with perspective.

I asked if there is a future plan for the Free Advice Project. Podell said she would like to promote it to each public space in New York, which would be carried out by various volunteers across the city.

It was truly inspiring to meet someone with such a big heart, especially in New York—where it is sometimes very hard to find anybody to listen.

81．In what way was Podell different from other people in the park?

(No more than 6 words)(2 marks)

________________________________________________________________________

82．What do people in need expect Podell to do

(No more than 10 words)(3 marks)

________________________________________________________________________

83．According to Podell, what should people do when making decisions

(No more than 6 words)(2 marks)

________________________________________________________________________

84．How would Podell promote her project in New York?

(No more than 15 words)(3 marks)

________________________________________________________________________

       Zhang Xiaofeng, 16, had a relaxing winter vacation until a few days ago. The Senior 1 student in Jingmen , Hubei Province suddenly realized that she needed to hurry for the coming exams when the new term begins this week.

       Zhang took no final exams last term. Because of the heavy snow , rain and unusually cold temperatures ,her school announced the winter break early.

       “What a happy surprise! No reports for our parents and no worries about getting low scores,”  she said . “But the exams are put off until this term .Isn’t it a depressing (unpleasant)beginning?”

       Going back to school is hard, yet Shao Jingzhu at Changsha Yali High School in Hunan Province would rather have classes than stay home.

      “The unusually long winter vacation made me uneasy,” she said. “With a few months left before the College Entrance Examination, we Senior 3 students are eager to have teachers around for our questions”.

       During breaks between classes ,Shao discussed the worst winter weather in five decades(a decade=ten years )with her classmates.

       “I believe it was just a natural weather phenomenon（现象）. Who can tell for sure the disaster was caused by human activities? she questioned.

       But Li Cheng at Luzhou High School in Sichuan Province thought that nature was teaching humans a lesson with the strange winter snowstorms.

       She was trapped (caught ) on the way to visit her grandma for three days instead of the five hours in normal weather.

       “It warns us to pay more attention to environmental protection,” Li said.

       Teng Xiangling at Jinshi No 1 High School in Human Province agrees. As a volunteer for environmental protection, she calls on her classmates to give up on take—away boxes and to recycle used papers.

       “Such a natural disaster may take place more frequently (often) if we care little about our daily behavior,” Teng said.

1．Why did Zhang Xiaofeng take no final exams last term?

       A．She became ill all of a sudden.

       B．Her teachers didn’t permit her to do so .

       C．The unusual weather prevented her school holding it.

       D．She was going to take the CEE in June.

2．What does “it” (Paragraph 7) refer to?

       A．Environmental protection.                     B．Hunan activities.

       C．The unusually cold temperatures.          D．The last worst winter weather.

3．Which of the following statements is TRUE?

       A．Every student welcomed the snowstorms.

       B．It is not certain whether human activities have caused this phenomenon.

       C．Last winter weather is the worst weather in the past 40 years.

       D．Hubei and Hunan were the worst provinces hit by snowstorms.

4．Which of the following can be the most probable title of this passage?

       A．A Nature’s Lesson                               B．A Student’s Lesson

       C．A Nature’s Disaster                              D．A Weather Phenomenon

Most people, when they travel to space, would like to stay in orbit for a few days of more. And this stands to reason, if you’re paying $20,000 for your trip to orbit! Strain order for tourism to reach its full potential there’s going to be a need for orbital accommodation---or space hotels. What would a space hotel actually be like to visit? Hotels in orbit will offer the services you expect from a hotel------private rooms, meals, bars. But they’ll also offer two unique experiences: impressive views----of Earth and space---and the endless entertainment of living in zero gravity---including sports and other activities that make use of this.
The hotels themselves will vary greatly----from being quite simple in the early days to huge luxury structure at a later date. It’s actually surprising that as later as 1997, very few designs for space hotels were published. This is mainly because those who might be expected to design them haven’t expected launch costs to come down far enough to make them possible.
Lots of people who’ve been to space have described vividly what it’s like to live in zero gravity. There are obviously all sort of possibilities for dancing, gymnastics, and zero-G sports. Luckily, you don’t need to sleep much living in zero gravity, so you’ll have plenty of time for relaxing by hanging out in a bar with a window looking down at the turning Earth below.
Of course all good things have come to an end. Unfortunately, And so after a few days you’ll find yourself heading back enough you’ll be much more expert at exercising in zero gravity than you were when you arrived. You’ll be thinking how soon you can save up enough to get back up again---or maybe you should change jobs to get to work in an orbiting hotel.
【小题1】When traveling in space, most people would like to stay in orbit for a few days because _______.

Two years ago my grandmother was going to turn 75. My family discussed what was the best way to celebrate. Should we throw her a party ? Should we take her on a trip ? We remembered that she had touched so many people’s lives, and there were so many people for her to consider. Then someone got the idea that we should include everyone in the celebration by turning it into a tribute（献礼）to my grandmother.
We secretly sent out letters to the people in Grandmother’s address book and asked them to send a letter with a memory that they had shared with her. People sent us letters with poems, stories and pictures. The deep feeling that was shared through the response（回应）surprised us. We compiled（编辑）these letters into a memory book and amazed her with it on the morning of her birthday.
The unusual thing about my grandmother’s friends was not the number that she had, but the connection they shared. In many ways this book of friendship was the greatest achievement of my grandmother’s life.
I believe that developing true friendships is one of the most important things that anyone can do in one’s lifetime. It is not a matter of the number of friends one has, but the quality of the bonds. If one has had at least one true friendship before dying, then one can say one has lived a successful life. I have made many friends and I believe I have begun to develop the same types of friendships my grandmother kept up over her lifetime. I only hope that I will be as successful as she has been.
【小题1】How did the author’s family celebrate Grandmother’s birthday ?