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D
The regular use of text messages and e-mails can lower the IQ more than twice as much as smoking marijuana(大麻). That is the claim of psychologists who have found that tapping away on a mobile phone or computer keypad or checking them for electronic messages temporarily knocks up to ten points off the user’s IQ.
This rate of decline in intelligence compares unfavorably with the four-point drop in IQ associated with smoking marijuana, according to British researchers, who have labeled(贴标签于，指……为，分类) the fleeting phenomenon of enhanced stupidity as “infomania”.
The noticeable drop in IQ is believed to be the result of the constant distraction of “always on” technology when employees should be concentrating on what they are paid to do. Infomania means that they lose concentration as their minds remain fixed in an almost permanent state of readiness to react to technology instead of focusing on the tasks in hand.
The brain also finds it hard to deal with keeping lots of tasks in motion at once, reducing its overall effectiveness. While modern technology can have huge benefits, excessive(过度的) use can be damaging not only to a person’s mind, but to his or her social life.
Eighty volunteers took part in clinical (临床的)trials on IQ damage and 1,100 adults were interviewed.
More than six in ten people polled admitted that they were addicted to checking their e-mails and text messages so that they examined work-related ones even when at home or on holiday. Half said that they always responded immediately to an e-mail and one in five would interrupt a meeting to do so.
Furthermore, Informania is having a negative effect on work colleagues, increasing stress and disagreeing feelings. Nine out of ten polled thought that colleagues who answered e-mails or messages during a face-to-face meeting were extremely rude. Yet one in three Britons believed that it was not only acceptable, but actually diligent and efficient to do so.
67. What does the underlined part mean?
A. A person’s IQ drops ten points if he or she always checks electronic messages.
B. The person who has a higher IQ enjoys checking electronic messages.
C. The person who has a lower IQ enjoys checking electronic messages.
D. A person’s IQ is ten points higher if he or she always checks electronic messages.
68. What happens to people with infomania?
A. People with infomania can only concentrate on their tasks in hand.
B. People with infomania are addicted to smoking marijuana.
C. People with infomania can’t respond to technology immediately.
D. People with infomania can’t concentrate on their tasks in hand.
69. From the passage, we can learn that .
A. about 550 interviewees responded to an e-mail immediately
B. about 670 interviewees responded to an e-mail immediately
C. about 40 taking part in clinical trials on IQ were addicted to checking e-mail
D. about 16 taking part in clinical trials on IQ refused to answer e-mails immediately
70. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. The regular use of text messages and e-mails can be compared to smoking marijuana.
B. Modern technology can damage a person’s mind.
C. The regular use of text messages and e-mails can harm your IQ.
D. Electronic messages can have effects on the user’s life.
查看习题详情和答案>>Dreams are expressions of thoughts, feelings and events that pass through our mind while we are sleeping. Everybody dreams. But only some people remember their dreams. Our dreams often include all the senses (感觉)—smells, sounds, sights, tastes and things we touch. We dream in colour. Sometimes we dream the same dream over and over again. These repeated（重复的） dreams are often unpleasant. They may even be nightmares—bad dreams that frighten us.
Early in the twentieth century, two famous scientists developed their personal ideas about dreams. Austrian psychiatrist(心里学家) Sigmund Freud published a book called “The Interpretation(诠释) of Dreams” in 1900. Freud believed people often dream about things they want but can’t have. These dreams often have something to do with sex and aggression(侵犯). Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung worked closely with Freud for several years, but he believed dreams could help people grow and understand themselves. He believed dreams provide solutions(解答) to problems we face when we are awake. He didn’t believe dreams hide our feelings about sex or aggression. Today we know more about the science of dreaming because researchers can take pictures of people’s brains while they are sleeping.
Other researchers are studying how dreaming helps our bodies work with problems and very sad emotions(感情). Robert Stickgold is a professor of psychiatry at Harvard University in Massachusetts. Doctor Stickgold says that when we dream, the brain is trying to make sense of the world. He does not agree with Sigmund Freud that dreaming is the way we express our hidden feelings and desires(愿望).
Scientists believe it is important to keep researching dreams. Doctor Stickgold says it has been more than one hundred years since Sigmund Freud published his important book about dreaming. Yet there is still no agreement on exactly how the brain works when we are dreaming or why we dream.
Dreams _________.
A. are remembered by everyone
B. express all that we think in our mind
C. include few senses and things we touch
D. are sometimes nightmares(恶梦) that repeat and frighten us
A book on dreaming was published by _________.
A. Sigmund Freud B. Robert Stickgold C. Carl Jung D. the writer
In the passage, all the psychiatrists _________.
A. believe dreams can help people understand all the problems that they face
B. think dreams always hide someone’s feelings about sex or aggression
C. study dream and dreaming and have their own ideas
D. have the same idea that people often dream about the things they want
From the passage, we know that _________.
A. Jung thought that dreams provide solutions to problems we face when we are sleeping
B. Freud developed the idea that dreams are expressions of people’s hidden feelings
C. scientists have known quite well why we dream because they can take pictures of our brains
D. other researchers have discovered how dreaming helps our bodies work with problems and very sad emotions
Which would be the best title(标题) for the passage?
A. The Explanations of Dreams B. The Ways of Dreams
C. The Solutions to Dreams D. The Mystery(奥秘) of Dreams and Dreaming
查看习题详情和答案>>Dreams are expressions of thoughts, feelings and events that pass through our mind while we are sleeping. Everybody dreams. But only some people remember their dreams. Our dreams often include all the senses (感觉)—smells, sounds, sights, tastes and things we touch. We dream in colour. Sometimes we dream the same dream over and over again. These repeated（重复的） dreams are often unpleasant. They may even be nightmares—bad dreams that frighten us.
Early in the twentieth century, two famous scientists developed their personal ideas about dreams. Austrian psychiatrist(心里学家) Sigmund Freud published a book called “The Interpretation(诠释) of Dreams” in 1900. Freud believed people often dream about things they want but can’t have. These dreams often have something to do with sex and aggression(侵犯). Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung worked closely with Freud for several years, but he believed dreams could help people grow and understand themselves. He believed dreams provide solutions(解答) to problems we face when we are awake. He didn’t believe dreams hide our feelings about sex or aggression. Today we know more about the science of dreaming because researchers can take pictures of people’s brains while they are sleeping.
Other researchers are studying how dreaming helps our bodies work with problems and very sad emotions(感情). Robert Stickgold is a professor of psychiatry at Harvard University in Massachusetts. Doctor Stickgold says that when we dream, the brain is trying to make sense of the world. He does not agree with Sigmund Freud that dreaming is the way we express our hidden feelings and desires(愿望).
Scientists believe it is important to keep researching dreams. Doctor Stickgold says it has been more than one hundred years since Sigmund Freud published his important book about dreaming. Yet there is still no agreement on exactly how the brain works when we are dreaming or why we dream.
46. Dreams _________.
A. are remembered by everyone
B. express all that we think in our mind
C. include few senses and things we touch
D. are sometimes nightmares(恶梦) that repeat and frighten us
47. A book on dreaming was published by _________.
A. Sigmund Freud B. Robert Stickgold C. Carl Jung D. the writer
48. In the passage, all the psychiatrists _________.
A. believe dreams can help people understand all the problems that they face
B. think dreams always hide someone’s feelings about sex or aggression
C. study dream and dreaming and have their own ideas
D. have the same idea that people often dream about the things they want
49. From the passage, we know that _________.
A. Jung thought that dreams provide solutions to problems we face when we are sleeping
B. Freud developed the idea that dreams are expressions of people’s hidden feelings
C. scientists have known quite well why we dream because they can take pictures of our brains
D. other researchers have discovered how dreaming helps our bodies work with problems and very sad emotions
50.Which would be the best title(标题) for the passage?
A. The Explanations of Dreams B. The Ways of Dreams
C. The Solutions to Dreams D. The Mystery(奥秘) of Dreams and Dreaming
查看习题详情和答案>>Dreams are expressions of thoughts, feelings and events that pass through our mind while we are sleeping. Everybody dreams. But only some people remember their dreams. Our dreams often include all the senses (感觉)—smells, sounds, sights, tastes and things we touch. We dream in colour. Sometimes we dream the same dream over and over again. These repeated（重复的） dreams are often unpleasant. They may even be nightmares—bad dreams that frighten us.
Early in the twentieth century, two famous scientists developed their personal ideas about dreams. Austrian psychiatrist(心里学家) Sigmund Freud published a book called “The Interpretation(诠释) of Dreams” in 1900. Freud believed people often dream about things they want but can’t have. These dreams often have something to do with sex and aggression(侵犯). Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung worked closely with Freud for several years, but he believed dreams could help people grow and understand themselves. He believed dreams provide solutions(解答) to problems we face when we are awake. He didn’t believe dreams hide our feelings about sex or aggression. Today we know more about the science of dreaming because researchers can take pictures of people’s brains while they are sleeping.
Other researchers are studying how dreaming helps our bodies work with problems and very sad emotions(感情). Robert Stickgold is a professor of psychiatry at Harvard University in Massachusetts. Doctor Stickgold says that when we dream, the brain is trying to make sense of the world. He does not agree with Sigmund Freud that dreaming is the way we express our hidden feelings and desires(愿望).
Scientists believe it is important to keep researching dreams. Doctor Stickgold says it has been more than one hundred years since Sigmund Freud published his important book about dreaming. Yet there is still no agreement on exactly how the brain works when we are dreaming or why we dream.
1.Dreams _________.
A. are remembered by everyone
B. express all that we think in our mind
C. include few senses and things we touch
D. are sometimes nightmares(恶梦) that repeat and frighten us
2. A book on dreaming was published by _________.
A. Sigmund Freud B. Robert Stickgold C. Carl Jung D. the writer
3. In the passage, all the psychiatrists _________.
A. believe dreams can help people understand all the problems that they face
B. think dreams always hide someone’s feelings about sex or aggression
C. study dream and dreaming and have their own ideas
D. have the same idea that people often dream about the things they want
4. From the passage, we know that _________.
A. Jung thought that dreams provide solutions to problems we face when we are sleeping
B. Freud developed the idea that dreams are expressions of people’s hidden feelings
C. scientists have known quite well why we dream because they can take pictures of our brains
D. other researchers have discovered how dreaming helps our bodies work with problems and very sad emotions
5.Which would be the best title(标题) for the passage?
A. The Explanations of Dreams B. The Ways of Dreams
C. The Solutions to Dreams D. The Mystery(奥秘) of Dreams and Dreaming
查看习题详情和答案>>
阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A，B，C和D）中选出最佳选项。
Psychology is the study of the mind and mental activities. For example, psychologists are interested in why some things make you sad, but others make you happy. They want to know why some people are shy, but others are quite talkative. They want to know why people do the thing that they do. They also test intelligence.
Psychologists deal with the mind and behavior of people. Your mind consists of all your feelings, thoughts and ideas. It is the result of one part of the brain called the cerebrum. Your behavior is the way you act or conduct yourself. Examples of behavior include shouting, crying, laughing and sleeping.
Several people have been instrumental in the field of psychology. Whihelm Wundt set up the first psychological laboratory in Leipzig, Germany, in 1879. Ivan Pavlov, a Russian, is noted for his experiments with dogs in which he studies their reflexes (反射) and reactions. Around 1900, Sigmund Freud stated his theory that people try to repress (control, hide) memories or thoughts that they believe were not good.
Psychologists should not be confused with psychiatrists who deal with mental illness. They are medical doctors who treat people.
1．This passage is mainly about ________.
[ ]
A．studying the mind
B．memories and people
C．famous psychologists
D．the study of mental illness
2．We may learn from the passage that psychiatrists ________.
[ ]
A．study physical illness only
B．mainly treat mental disease
C．study people's mind and behavior
D．are not medical doctors
3．According to the passage, Sigmund Freud stated that ________.
[ ]
A．Pavlov's experiments with dogs were successful
B．people make an effort to hold back unhappy memories
C．psychiatrists should work closely with psychologists
D．people should learn something about psychology
4．The cerebrum is part of the brain that controls ________.
[ ]