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阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项。
Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society. There are more ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizations with different beliefs. In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance(相容) in nixed societies. All these factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision. In a society where people are quite similar in many ways, there is no necessity for change because everything seems to be the same. And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed(无可争辩的).
Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the nonmaterial, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the less basic and less emotional aspects(情感方面) of society than in their opposites; in the simple elements rather than in the complexions(人的精神面貌); in form rather than in substance; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements.
Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp dichotomies(一分为二). This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities, because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts(对应物或人).
1．The passage is mainly discussing ________.
[ ]
A．two different societies
B．the necessity of social change
C．certain factors that determine the ease with which social changes occur
D．certain factors that promote social change
2.________is one of the factors that tend to promote social change.
[ ]
A．Joint interest
B．Advanced technology
C．Less emotional people.
D．Different points of view
3．The expression “greater tolerance”(paragraph 1) refers to
[ ]
A．“greater willingness to accept social change”
B．“quicker adaptation to changing circumstances”
C．“more respect for different beliefs and behavior”
D．“greater readiness to agree to different opinions and ideas”
4．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
[ ]
A．Social change tends to meet with more difficulty in basic and emotional aspects of society.
B．Disagreement with and argument about conditions tends to slow down social change.
C．Social change is more likely to occur in the material aspect of society.
D．Social change is less likely to occur in what people learned when they were young.
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Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society. There are more ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizations with different beliefs in addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies. All these factors tend to promote (促进) social change by opening more areas of life to decision. In a society where people are quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity for change because everything seems to be the same. And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed (无争议).
Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects (方面) of the culture than in the nonmaterial, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early, in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites; in the simple elements (原理) rather than in the complex ones; in form rather than in substance (本质); and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements.
Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it comes more readily in human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp dichotomies (一分为二). This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to Black Americans as compared to other American minorities (少数民族), because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts.
1．The passage mainly discusses ________.
[ ]
A．two different societies
B．the necessity of social change
C．certain factors that determine the ease with which social changes occur
D．certain factors that promote social change
2．________ is one of the factors that tend to promote social change.
[ ]
A．Joint interest
B．Advanced technology
C．Less emotional people
D．Different points of view
3．The expression “greater tolerance” refer to ________.
[ ]
A．greater willingness to accept social change
B．quicker adaptation (适应) to changing circumstances
C．more respect for different beliefs and behaviour
D．greater readiness to agree to different opinions
4．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
[ ]
A．Social change tends to meet with nore difficulty in basic and emotional aspects of society.
B．Disagreement with and argument about conditions tend to slow down social change.
C．Social change is more likely to occur in the material aspect of society.
D．Social change is less likely to occur in what people learned when they were young.
5．Social change is less likely to occur in a society where people are quite similar in many ways because ________.
[ ]
A．people there have got so used to their conditions that they seldom think it necessary to change
B．people there have identical (一致的) needs that can be satisfied without much difficulty
C．people there are easy to please
D．people there are less disputatious (有争议的)
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Just as you imagine, studying in new environment is difficult. Though I had___36___ a preparation for my study in the United Kingdom, I___37____met many difficulties when I arrived in Britain. These difficulties ___38____ almost every side of your life, including language, daily ___39___, feelings and study.
____40___ the fact that I have studied English for quite a long time, I was well ____41___ to learn that the British people speak seemingly ___42____ English from what I have learned at home. When I picked up my luggage in the airport, I ___43____a long crack on my suitcase. Anxious and a little bit angry, I rushed to a man in uniform and told him my suitcase was ____44____. With a smile on his face, he seemed to be explaining something to me. But I was totally puzzled by what he was saying. ____45____, the suitcase was still OK to use. I managed to pull it to the train station.
To my surprise, after more than two hours, there was still not a ___46____train coming into the station. Finally, I was told that all trains had been cancelled that day due to the ____47____of the railway workers who were demanding a pay rise.
After a good deal of bother, I finally reached Liverpool. ____48____, I found it even harder to understand the local English. I even ___49____whether the local people were really speaking English. ____50____, they could hardly understand what I was saying though I had tried my best to pronounce right. I could never really ___51____ how to be the place I supposed to go____52____ they told me the way. However, the good thing is that most British people are friendly and eager to help. They usually____53____me to the bus stop where I could take the bus to the places I wanted to go.
It takes time to be used to the local accent. What I want to emphasized here is that you should hold on to talk with the local people even if there are difficulties in ____54____. Before you go anywhere, write down the ____55____. Remember a dictionary around you could also be helpful.
36. A. made B. kept C. got D. set
37. A. even B. still C. yet D. almost
38. A. contain B. mean C. cover D. reach
39. A. matters B. events C. business D. troubles
40. A. Except B. Though C. Despite D. Besides
41. A. satisfied B. shocked C. glad D. worried
42. A. advanced B. strange C. same D. different
43. A. watched B. recognized C. found D. knew
44 A. robbed B. broken C. destroyed D. lost
45. A. All right B. Not at all C. Never mind D. No problem
46. A. single B. only C. alone D. just
47. A. fight B. strike C. break D. march
48. A. Luckily B. Unfortunately C. Honestly. D. Personally
49. A. guessed B. puzzled C. doubted D. considered
50. A. However B. Similarly C. Even so D. Therefore
51. A. take out B. figure out C. give out D. bring out
52. A. even if B. as if C. only if D. when
53. A. took B. pointed C. sent D. showed
54. A. communication B. touch C. understanding D. greeting
55. A. direction B. number C. address D. route
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