The first telegraph cable was laid under the sea between England and France in 1850.Cables are much  1 and heavier than telegraph wires.There are a number of reasons for this:one reason is that the salt water of the sea harms  2  telegraph wires,and so they have to be 3  , another is that,because electricity 4 easily through water,wires have to be 5  to prevent electric signals which are passing through them 6 escaping and getting lost in the sea;a third reason is that cables have to be very strong 7 they will break while they are being 8 along the bottom of the sea from a ship sailing on the surface.

  The 9  cables that men tried to lay  10  England and America broke and were 11 during storms.At last,after nine years of hard work,the two English-speaking nations of Britain and America were 12 in 1866 by the electric telegraph under the sea.

    Later,all the different 13 of the world were joind up by a 14 of cables.It is 15 easy to send a message by cables as it is to 16 an ordinary telegram,and it takes no longer for a message to 17 half way round the world than from one town to the 18 .Every hour of the day and night 19 are being flashed under the ocean to and20 every country in the world.

1. A.thicker        B.better      C.longer       D.larger

2. A.ordinary       B.special     C.plain        D.simple

3. A.raised         B.fixed       C.protected    D.repaired

4. A.comes          B.passes      C.escapes      D.sends

5. A.hid            B.circled     C.covered      D.dressed

6. A.from           B.through     C.by           D.into

7. A.so             B.or          C.but          D.and

8. A.lined          B.pulled      C.laid         D.covered

9. A.best           B.most        C.first        D.thickest

10. A.between        B.around      C.beside       D. among

11. A.cast           B.thrown      C.drawn        D.lost

12. A.fixed          B.joined      C.met          D.mixed

13. A.cities         B.countries   C.parts        D.peoples

14. A.set            B.packet      C.sort         D.network

15. A.very          B.so           C.as            D.not

16. A.make          B.send         C.use           D.write

17. A.find          B.travel       C.visit         D.meet

18. A.next          B.second       C.last           D.another

19. A.news          B.pictures     C.messages       D.telegrams

20．A.out           B.in           C.from           D.off

You’re rushing to work and a man ahead of you collapses on the sidewalk. Do you stop to help? In a study of by-standers, it was found that some people avert their gaze and keep on  walking rather than stop and get involved.

“There is a tendency to decide that no action is needed.” says a psychologist. “The first thoughts that pop into your mind often keep you from offering help. In order to take action, you have to work against them.” Here are some common thoughts that might prevent you from helping.

● Why should I be the one? I’m probably not the most competent person in this crowd. You might think someone older or with more medical knowledge should offer assistance.

● What if he doesn’t really need my help? The fear of embarrassment is powerful; no one wants to risk looking foolish in front of others.

● No one else looks concerned- this must not be a problem. We can follow the people around us, but most people tend to hold back their emotions in public.

“If you spot trouble and find yourself explaining inaction, force yourself to stop and evaluate the situation instead of walking on,” says the psychologist. “Then retry to involve other people; you don’t have to take on the entire responsibility of being helpful. Sometimes it’s just a matter of turning to the person next to you and saying, ‘It looks like we should do something.’ Or asking someone if an ambulance has been called and, if not, to call for one. Once you take action, most people will follow you.”

56. Which is NOT the common thought that stops you from helping others?

A.I’m not the very person capable of setting the problenu.

B.It looks like we should do something.

C.It must not be a problem as no one else is concerned.

D.He doesn’t really need my help.

57. According to a study of by-standers, what will some people do when a man ahead falls down on the sidewalk?

A.They will call for help and then walk away.

B. They will stop and offer help.

C. They will turn away their eyes and go on walking.

D.They will laugh at him.

58. We learn from the last paragraph that if we spot ttouble,           ．

A. we sbould call the ambulance as soon as we can.

B. we should take on the whole responsibility and do something alone.

C. we should stop and evaluate the situation and try to make other people follow.

D.we should turn to other people and ask them to take on the responsibility

59. In order to offer others your timely help, you need to        ．

A. ask others for help and call the police

B.get along well with the passers-by who spot the trouble

C. go directly to the police station

D.work against the rirst thoughts that prevent you offering help

60. The main purpose of the text is to tell readers        ．

A.to give others a hand                       B. to be more competent

C.not to risk looking foolish                D.to stop and evaluate the situation

Olaf Stapledon wrote a book called First and Last Men, in which he looked millions of years ahead. He told of different men and of strange civilizations (文明), broken up by long “dark ages” in between. In his view, what is called the present time is no more than a moment in human history and we are just the First Men. In 2 000 million years from now there will be the Eighteenth or Last Men.

    However, most of our ideas about the future are really very shortsighted. Perhaps we can see some possibilities for the next fifty years. But the next hundred? The next thousand? The next million? That's much more difficult. When men and women lived by hunting 50 000 years ago, could they even begin to picture modern life? Yet to men of 50 000 years from now, we may seem as primitive (原始的) in our ideas as the Stone-Age hunters do to us. Perhaps they will spend their days gollocking to make new spundels, or struggling with their ballalators through the tribe. These words, which I have just made up, have to stand for things and ideas that we simply can't think of.

    So why bother even to try imagining life in the future? Here are two reasons. First, unless we remember how short our own lives are compared with the whole human history, we are likely to think our interests are much more important than they really are. If we make the earth a poor place to live on because we are careless or greedy (贪婪) or quarrelsome, our grandchildren will not bother to think of excuses for us.

    Second, by trying to escape from present interests and imagine life far in the future, we may arrive at quite fresh ideas that we can use ourselves. For example, if we imagine that in the future men may give up farming, we can think of trying it now. So set your imagination free when you think about the future.

1．A particular mention made of Stapledon's book in the opening paragraph ________.

    A. serves as a description of human history

    B. serves as an introduction to the discussion

    C. shows a disagreement of views

    D. shows the popularity of the book

2．The text discusses men and women 50 000 years ago and 50 000 years from now in order to show that ________.

    A. human history is extremely long

    B. life has changed a great deal

    C. it is useless to plan for the next 50 years

    D. it is difficult to tell what will happen in the future

3．Spundels and ballalators are used in the text to refer to ________.

    A. tools used in farming

    B. ideas about modern life

    C. unknown things in the future

    D. hunting skills in the Stone-Age

4．According to the writer of the text, imagining the future will ________.

    A. serve the interests of the present and future generations

    B. enable us to better understand human history

    C. help us to improve farming

    D. make life worth living

阅读理解

Olaf Stapledon wrote a book called First and Last Men, in which he looked millions of years ahead. He told of different men and of strange civilizations (文明), broken up by long “dark ages” in between. In his view, what is called the present time is no more than a moment in human history and we are just the First Men. In 2 000 million years from now there will be the Eighteenth or Last Men.

    However, most of our ideas about the future are really very shortsighted. Perhaps we can see some possibilities for the next fifty years. But the next hundred? The next thousand? The next million? That's much more difficult. When men and women lived by hunting 50 000 years ago, could they even begin to picture modern life? Yet to men of 50 000 years from now, we may seem as primitive (原始的) in our ideas as the Stone-Age hunters do to us. Perhaps they will spend their days gollocking to make new spundels, or struggling with their ballalators through the tribe. These words, which I have just made up, have to stand for things and ideas that we simply can't think of.

    So why bother even to try imagining life in the future? Here are two reasons. First, unless we remember how short our own lives are compared with the whole human history, we are likely to think our interests are much more important than they really are. If we make the earth a poor place to live on because we are careless or greedy (贪婪) or quarrelsome, our grandchildren will not bother to think of excuses for us.

    Second, by trying to escape from present interests and imagine life far in the future, we may arrive at quite fresh ideas that we can use ourselves. For example, if we imagine that in the future men may give up farming, we can think of trying it now. So set your imagination free when you think about the future.

1．A particular mention made of Stapledon's book in the opening paragraph ________.

    A. serves as a description of human history

    B. serves as an introduction to the discussion

    C. shows a disagreement of views

    D. shows the popularity of the book

2．The text discusses men and women 50 000 years ago and 50 000 years from now in order to show that ________.

    A. human history is extremely long

    B. life has changed a great deal

    C. it is useless to plan for the next 50 years

    D. it is difficult to tell what will happen in the future

3．Spundels and ballalators are used in the text to refer to ________.

    A. tools used in farming

    B. ideas about modern life

    C. unknown things in the future

    D. hunting skills in the Stone-Age

4．According to the writer of the text, imagining the future will ________.

    A. serve the interests of the present and future generations

    B. enable us to better understand human history

    C. help us to improve farming

    D. make life worth living

Dear all,

Please read Professor Hume’s email about his next lecture on Rosa Parks.

Susan Miller

Secretary

Dear Susan,

Please forward this message to students of my history class.

Beside the life story of Rosa Parks in the textbook, the students are also required to read the passage below and some related stories that can be borrowed from the school library.

Ted Hume

The early experiences of Rosa Parks (1913-2005), long known as the “mother of the civil rights movement,” were not different from those of many African-Americans at that time. The black woman, however, turned the course of American history in December 1955 when she refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white man. “By sitting down,” remarked John Lewis, “she was standing up for all Americans.”

Among the numerous awards Parks received in her life were the Presidential Medal of Freedom (1996) and the Congressional Gold Medal (1999).

Parks died on Oct. 24, 2005. At St. Paul A. M. E. Church in Montgomery, a large crowd including Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice celebrated her life. Rice said she and others, who grew up when the political activities of Parks held public attention, might not have realized her impact (影响) on their lives, “but I can honestly say that without Mrs. Parks, I probably would not be standing here as Secretary of State.”

After her casket (灵柩) was placed at the Capitol (国会大厦), U. S. President Bush, members of Congress and ordinary Americans paid their respects. In American history Parks is the first woman to lie in state at the Capitol, a very high regard usually reserved for Presidents of the United States.

69． What is the main purpose of Susan’s email?

A. To prepare for Professor Hume’s class.

B. To introduce to the students Rosa Parks.

C. To help the students organize a lecture.

D. To answer Professor Hume’s last email.

70． What does the underlined word “forward” mean?

A. Explain.                B. Send.                 C. Take.                    D. Read.

71． The political influence of Rosa Parks lies in the fact that she _________.

A. helped Condoleezza Rice achieve political success

B. joined the civil rights movement at a young age

C. made racial equality a common value in American society

D. set a good example in her early life for other black Americans

72． How was Rosa Parks treated after her death?

A. She was named “mother of the civil rights movement.”

B. She was received by President Bush at the Capitol.

C. She was given the Presidential Medal of Freedom.

D. She was honored to lie in state at the Capitol.