摘要:( ) The American Civil War lasted four years the North won in the end. A. after B. when C. before D. then [解析]选C before“过了才-- .:

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Long before the white man came to the America, the land belonged to the American Indian nations, The nation of the Cherokees lived in what is now the southeastern part of the United States.
After the white man came, the Cherokees copied many of their ways. One Cherokee named Sequoyah saw how important reading and writing was to the white man. He decided to invent a way to write down the spoken Cherokee language. He began by making word pictures. For each word he drew a picture. But that proved impossible; there were just too many words. Then he took the 85 sounds that made up the language. Using his own imagination and an English spelling book, Sequoyah invented a sign for each sound. His alphabet proved amazingly easy to learn. Before long, many Cherokees knew how to read and write in their own language. By 1828, they were even printing their own newspaper.
In 1830, the US congress passed a law. It allowed the government to remove Indians from their lands. The Cherokees refused to go. They had lived on their lands for centuries. It belonged to them. Why should they go to a strange land far beyond the Mississippi River?
The army was sent to drive the Cherokees out. Soldiers surrounded their villages and marched them at gunpoint into the western territory. The sick, the old and the small children went in carts, along with their belongings. The rest of the people marched on foot or rode on horseback. It was November, yet many of them still wore their summer clothes. Cold and hungry, the Cherokees were quickly exhausted by the hardships of journey. Many dropped dead and were buried by the roadside. When the last group arrived in their new home in March 1839, more than 4000 had died. It was in deed a march of death.
【小题1】 The Cherokee Nation used to live____________.

A.on the American continentB.in the southeastern part of the US
C.beyond the Mississippi RiverD.in the western territory
【小题2】One of the ways that Sequoyah copied from the white man is the way of__________.
A.writing down the spoken languageB.making word pictures
C.teaching his people readingD.printing their own newspaper
【小题3】 A law was passed in 1830 to__________.
A.allow the Cherokees to stay where they were
B.send the army to help the Cherokees
C.force the Cherokees to move westward
D.forbid the Cherokees to read their newspaper
【小题4】When the Cherokees began to leave their lands, __________.
A.they went in cartsB.they went on horseback
C.they marched on footD.all of the above
【小题5】 Many Cherokees died on their way to their new home mainly because________.
A.they were not willing to go there
B.the government did not provide transportation
C.they did not have enough food and clothes
D.the journey was long and boring

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A practical English Grammar is intended for intermediate(中级的) and post-intermediate students. We hope that more advanced learners and teachers will also find it useful.
The book is a comprehensive survey of structures and forms, written in clear modern English and illustrated with numerous examples. Areas of particular difficulty have been given special attention. Differences between conversational usage and strict grammatical forms are shown but the emphasis is on controversial forms.
In the fourth edition the main changes are as follows.
1. Explanation and examples have been brought up to date.
2. There is now more information on countable and uncountable nouns, attributive and predicative adjectives, adverbs of place, sentence adverbs, cleft sentences, prepositions, conjunctives, modal verbs, perfect tenses, infinitive constructions, the passive, purpose clauses and nouns.
3. Some material has been rearranged to make comparisons easier. For example, parts of chapters on can, may, must etc. are now grouped by functions; verbs of liking and preference have a chapter to themselves; suggestions and invitations have joined the chapter on commands, requests and advice.
4. The contents list now summaries every edition heading, and there is a new index containing many more entries references.
In this edition the sign “~” is frequently used to show a change of speaker in examples of dialogue. Note also that although the sign “="”" sometimes connects two words or expressions with the same meaning, it is often used more freely, e.g. to indicate a transformation from active to passive or direct to indirect speech.
We wish to thank all at Oxford University Press who have assisted in the preparation of the fourth edition. We would also like to thank Professor Egawa of Nihon University, Japan, Professor Rene Dirven of Duisburg University, West Germany and other colleagues for their friendly and helpful suggestions.
London, November 1985   A.J.T., A.VM
【小题1】The grammar book mentioned in this passage is not suitable for              .

A.a middle school teacherB.a primary school student
C.a senior high studentD.a college student
【小题2】According to the passage, we know that his grammar book              .
A.compares modern English with old English
B.gives a large number of examples to reduce difficulty
C.attaches more importance to conversational forms
D.pays little attention to strict grammatical forms
【小题3】Which of the following statements about the changes is TRUE?
A.This book keeps up with the latest usages of the America English language.
B.This edition offers more information about pronouns.
C.It’s not easy for us to find the information we need in this book.
D.One particular chapter discusses verbs like “care, like, love, hate, prefer, wish”.
【小题4】When you see this line in the book, “Did you get a ticket? ~Yes, I managed to get one”, we can understand that             .
A.the two parts before and after the sign “~” mean the same
B.the two parts before and after “~” are said by two different people
C.the second speaker repeats what the first speaker says
D.the topic is changed in the part after the sign “~”
【小题5】In the last paragraph, the authors thank several people because              .
A.they have helped the authors with this edition
B.they have agreed to buy a lot of books from the authors
C.the authors want to make use of the fames of those people
D.those people will make advertisements for this book

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