A. concentrated     B. possible      C. revised       D. applications     E. figures    F. connect         G. benefits       H. global        I. associate        J. tops

More than two million people in Europe now have fiber broadband（光纤宽带）direct to their home, suggests a survey. The latest    1.   on superfast broadband delivered by fiber to the home (FTTH) show 18% growth over the last survey compiled in late 2008.

The continued growth suggests that the    2.    economic decline has not hit plans to build fiber networks. Sweden    3.   the list of nations applying the technology, with 10.9% of its broadband customers using fiber. Karel Helsen, president of Europe’s Fiber-To-The-Home Council, said the growth matched predictions that were    4.    when the credit crisis started to make itself felt. “The numbers in 2009 are in line with the latest forecasts,” said Mr. Helsen.

By 2013, the FTTH Council expects that 13 million people across 35 European nations will have their broadband delivered by fiber. Such services would start at a speed of 100 megabits per second (mbps), said Mr. Helsen. Around Europe more than 233 projects were underway to lay the fibers that would    5.   homes or buildings to the net, said Mr. Helsen. Many of those, he said, were being operated by local governments or smaller net firms. Local governments were interested in FTTH because of the economic and social    6.    it brought in its wake, said Mr. Helsen.

The low delay in high-speed fiber networks made    7.    new uses of broadband, he said. “No delay is very important,” he said, “specifically if you talk about   8.   that are time-dependent such as personal communications, conference calls or video calls where delays cause a lot of trouble.” While early FTTH services were    9.    in cities, said Mr. Helsen, many more were reaching out to rural areas for e-health and e-learning projects.

A. stable     B. solutions    C. considerable    D. role             E. included

F. task      G. compose     H. impact         I. challenges         J. certainly

With the world's population growing from six to nine billion by 2050, researchers, businesses and governments are already dealing with the ___1.___ this increase will have on everything from food and water to infrastructure (基础设施) and jobs. The demand for energy will keep growing, and is expected to double over the next 40 years.

Finding the resources to meet this demand in a ___2.___, sustainable way is the basis of our nation's energy security, and will be one of the major ___3.___of the 21st century. Alternative forms of energy- bio-fuels, wind and solar are ___4.____ being funded and developed, and will play a growing___5.___ in the world's energy supply. But experts say that even when combined, alternative energy sources will likely meet only about 30% of the world's energy needs by 2050.

For example, even with ___6.___ investments, such as the $93 million for wind energy development ___7.___ in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, important alternative energy sources such as wind and bio-fuels __8.___ only about 1% of the market today.

Energy and sustainability experts say the answer to our future energy needs will likely come from a lot of ___9.___ both traditional and alternative.

     A .drive      B. absolutely    C. construct    D. leadership     E. Policies

F.realization  G. Pressures     H.Definition    I.Challenging    J. particularly                                                               

Leadership is a difficult concept to explain because everyone defines it differently. From my personal experiences as a student leader, I can tell you that there is no single ___1.___of  leadership, ___2.___with students leaders. You are a leader, a student and a peer, so this role can be especially difficult to manage. As a student leader,you deal with academic__3.___,as well as added pressure of leading group of your peers. As, the president of  Fuse, the contemporary dance group  at Colgate University, I experienced  many ups-and-downs with___4.__. Thankfully, my passion for this dance club gave me the ____5.___to lead my fellow dancers.

Finding an activity that is both enjoyable and __6.___is the first step. In order to be a good leader, you must be personally interested in what you are leading, whether it's debating,cooking or robotics. In my case, dance has always been of interest to me, from my grandfather teaching me salsa to early childhood training with ballet, and so I always that dance would be part of my life. Once I arrive on my college campus, ready for my college adventure, I had a sudden ___7.___: wandering around the Student Activities Fair, I saw no contemporary or modern dance clubs I panicked.

After meeting a fellow dancer at Freshmen Orientation, we found that we shared the same passion and desire to start a club. We held auditions,created club____8.___and held practices. The process of creating the actual club was both fun and challenging because we had to figure out school club regulations, __9.__many club rules, obtain 60 signatures of supporters and overcome other obstacles. As it turns out, this process was not a walk in the park for us.

What’s in a name? Letters offer clues to one’s future decisions, apparently. Previous studies have suggested that maybe a person’s monogram __1__ his life choices — where he works, whom he marries or where he lives — because of “implied self-esteem (自负),” or the temptation of positive self-associations. For instance, a person named Fred might be attracted to the __2__ of living in Fresno, working for Forever 21 or driving a Ford F-150.

Now a new study by professor Uri takes another look at the so-called name-letter effect and __3__ other explanations for the phenomenon. He analyzed records of political donations in the U.S. during the 2004 campaign — which included donors’ names and employers — and found that the name of a person’s workplace more closely related to the first three letters of a person’s name than with just the first letter. But he suggests that the reason for the association isn’t implied self-esteem, but perhaps something __4__ the opposite.

Duyck, one of the researchers whose previous work __5__ the name-letter effect, isn’t so quick to abandon the implied self-esteem theory. He pointed out that the sample group Uri studied may have biased the results: Uri analyzed the name-letter effect in a sample of people who donated money to political __6__. Still, Duyck notes that Uri’s theories are credible, and that even while some people may __7__ the same name of companies, employees may be tending to those companies because they start with the same letter as their names. In the end, whatever the explanation for the name-letter effect, no one really disputes that self-esteem is __8__ on some level. But the true importance of the effect is up for debate. “I can’t imagine people don’t like their own letter more than other letters,” says Uri, “but the differences it makes in really __9__ decisions are probably slim.”

A. offers      B. influences      C. uncovered       D. exactly       E. big

F. found      G. campaigns      H. involved        J. properly       I. notion

What’s in a name? Letters offer clues to one’s future decisions, apparently. Previous studies have suggested that maybe a person’s monogram __1__ his life choices — where he works, whom he marries or where he lives — because of “implied self-esteem (自负),” or the temptation of positive self-associations. For instance, a person named Fred might be attracted to the __2__ of living in Fresno, working for Forever 21 or driving a Ford F-150.

Now a new study by professor Uri takes another look at the so-called name-letter effect and __3__ other explanations for the phenomenon. He analyzed records of political donations in the U.S. during the 2004 campaign — which included donors’ names and employers — and found that the name of a person’s workplace more closely related to the first three letters of a person’s name than with just the first letter. But he suggests that the reason for the association isn’t implied self-esteem, but perhaps something __4__ the opposite.

Duyck, one of the researchers whose previous work __5__ the name-letter effect, isn’t so quick to abandon the implied self-esteem theory. He pointed out that the sample group Uri studied may have biased the results: Uri analyzed the name-letter effect in a sample of people who donated money to political __6__. Still, Duyck notes that Uri’s theories are credible, and that even while some people may __7__ the same name of companies, employees may be tending to those companies because they start with the same letter as their names. In the end, whatever the explanation for the name-letter effect, no one really disputes that self-esteem is __8__ on some level. But the true importance of the effect is up for debate. “I can’t imagine people don’t like their own letter more than other letters,” says Uri, “but the differences it makes in really __9__ decisions are probably slim.”