摘要:44.A.本文主要是讲了随着油价的上升和对于温室气体的排放的限制.这不断激励着对于太阳能这一新技术的开发. [对话填空]

网址:http://m.1010jiajiao.com/timu3_id_2528955[举报]

It’s not only rocket scientists and journalists who are following the course of “Shenzhou V”,or “Divine ship/vessel V”.There are also lexicographers,or dictionary compilers.The flight of the Spacecraft last week might help put some new words into orbit.?

One of them is a western media coinage used to refer to the Chinese astronauts.It s a combination of the Chinese pinyin “taikong”,meaning space,and the English “astronaut”,from classical Greek:“star sailor/navigator”,for people who was going into space as a career.

In the Reuters and AP reports of October 15,“taikonaut” was used as a proper noun.For example:The long March 2F rocket carrying “taikonaut” Yang Liwei lifted off into a clear blue sky over the Gobi desert at 9 am and entered its orbit 10 minutes later.?

A Long March 2F rocket called the Shenzhou V—“divine ship” in Chinese—carried a single “taikonaut” named Yang Liwei,38,following Russian cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin and American Alan Shepard in 1961.?

The word “taikonaut” is not a newly coined term.It first emerged in November,1999,when China launched its first unmanned “Shenzhou Ⅰ” spacecraft.?

At that lime,some English news media predicted that China would soon launch a manned space flight and created the word “taikonaut” for the Chinese astronauts.It was then borrowed by the Germans media.?

But it was left out of mainstream dictionaries,such as the Merriam—Webster Dictionary and Cambridge Advanced English ?

Learner’s Dictionary.?

However,the launch of the “Shenzhou V” will most likely help boost its status since there is already a word referring specifically to Russian astronauts in the dictionary entry.?

An astronaut of Russian (or the former Soviet Union)is called a “cosmonaut”,from the Russian “kosmonaut”.The word was derived from classical Greek:“kosmonaut” (universal)and “nautes”.One might argue that “cosmonaut” is a Russian variation on the earlier word “astronaut”.

On March 14,1995,US astronaut Norman Thagard became the first American to ride into space on-board a Russian launch vehicle,arguably making him the first American cosmonaut.?

And if this trend of coinage continues,more English variations for astronaut will appear as more countries are able to send their own astronauts into outer space,what would Western journalists call an astronaut from India or Africa we’ll have to wait to see.?

66.Give the best title of the passage.(within 10 words)?

解析:主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了因为中国载人航天事业的发展而派生的一个新英语词汇“taikonaut”的由来。?

 

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阅读下面文字,完成下列各题。

鼎在中国由来已久。它最初是古代的烹饪之器,相当于现在的锅,用以炖煮和盛放食品。鼎有三足圆鼎,也有四足方鼎。最早的鼎是粘土烧制的陶鼎,后来又发展为用青铜铸造的铜鼎。传说夏禹曾收九牧之金铸九鼎于荆山之下,以象征九州。自从有了禹铸九鼎的传说,鼎就从一般的炊器演变为传国的重器了。国灭则鼎迁,夏朝灭,商朝兴,九鼎迁于商都亳京;商朝灭,周朝兴,九鼎又迁于周都镐京。从商至周,都把定都或建立王朝称为“定鼎”。 

鼎自从被视为传国重器、国家和权力的象征后,“鼎”字也被赋予了显赫、尊贵、盛大等政治引申意义。譬如一言九鼎、大名鼎鼎、三足鼎立等等。鼎是我国青铜文化的代表。它既是文明的见证,又是文化的载体。根据禹铸九鼎的传说,可以推想,我国早在4000多年前就有了青铜冶炼和铸造技术。

中国历史博物馆收藏的“司母戊”大方鼎就是商代晚期的青铜鼎,它呈长方形、四足,是我国现存最大的商代青铜器。鼎腹内有“司母戊”三字,是商王为祭祀其母戊而铸造的。清代出土的大盂鼎、大克鼎等都是西周时期的著名青铜器。鼎和其它青铜器上的铭文,记载了商周时代的典章制度和册封、祭祀、征伐等史实,而且还把西周时期的大篆文字传给了后世,形成了具有很高审美价值的金文书法艺术,鼎也因此更加身价不凡。

美学家李泽厚认为,中国青铜器以其特有的三足器——鼎为主要代表,器制沉雄厚实,纹饰狞厉神秘,刻镂深重凸出,是我国青铜冶炼和铸造技术最具审美价值的工艺品。现代汉字中的“鼎”字,虽然经过了甲骨文、金文、小篆、隶书等多次变化,但仍然保留着“鼎”这一事物的风范和形体特点,其物其字几乎融为一体,都有着丰富的文化内涵。鼎又是旌功记绩的礼器。周代的国君或王公大臣在重大庆典或接受赏赐时都要铸鼎,以记载盛况。这种礼俗在我国已传承至今。

由于自古以来,鼎就是我国一种庄严的重要礼器,象征着祖国昌盛、稳固、团结、统一

和权威,亦是和平、发展、昌盛的吉祥物代表,故在当今一些重大外交场合和国家的一些

重大政治活动中,都会由鼎来唱主角。

上世纪1995年10月2l日,在联合国总部纽约,为庆贺联合国50华诞,我国政府向联合国赠送一尊青铜巨鼎——世纪宝鼎。该“世纪宝鼎”是具有我国商周青铜工艺风格的艺术精品,采用整体铸造,一次浇注成功。鼎身高2.1米,象征2l世纪。姿呈三足鼎立,双耳高耸,满身纹饰。有金文:“铸赠世纪宝鼎,庆贺联合国五十华诞。”鼎底座高0.5米,2米见方,上铸56条夔龙纹饰,象征中华民族都是龙的传人。鼎的整个造型,雄伟祥和,气势宏大,古朴典雅,美观庄重。   

2006年1月1日,我国以法律形式规定免征在我国已征收了2600年的农业税。同年9月29日,河北省灵寿县青廉村农民王三妮的一尊“告别田赋鼎”问世了。这是一位普通农民用中华民族最古老、最庄重的方式来铭记这一千古盛事。

下列对“鼎”的说明,不正确的一项是(    )

A.鼎最初是古代的烹饪之器,后演变为国家和权力的象征。

B.鼎最早是用粘土烧制,叫陶鼎,大约在4000多年前发展为用青铜铸造的铜鼎。

C.鼎是我国青铜文化的代表,它既见证了中华古代文明,又传承了中华悠久文化。

D.鼎作为传国重器,是和平、发展、昌盛的吉祥物代表。

下列各项中不能表明“鼎是一种重要礼器”的一项是(    )

A.商灭夏,九鼎迁于商都亳京;周灭商,九鼎又迁于周都镐京。

B.周代的国君或王公大臣在重大庆典或接受赏赐时都要铸鼎,以记载盛况。

C.我国政府向联合国赠送了“世纪宝鼎”,庆贺联合国50华诞。

D.河北省灵寿县农民王三妮铸“告别田赋鼎”,铭记我国免征农业税这一盛事。

下列表述符合原文意思的一项是(    )

A.商周时代青铜器上的大篆铭文记载了当时的典章制度史实,形成了具有很高审美价值的金文书法艺术。

B.“司母戊”大方鼎是我国现存最大的商代青铜器,鼎腹内有“司母戊”三字,表明是商王为祭祀其母戊而造。

C.李泽厚认为,鼎以其器制沉雄厚实,纹饰狞厉神秘,刻镂深重凸出,成为我国最具审美价值的青铜工艺品。   

D.“世纪宝鼎”是体现我国商周青铜工艺风格的艺术精品,其夔龙纹饰、三足鼎立造型均有丰富的文化内涵和象征意义。   

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  阅读下列各小题,根据汉语提示,用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子,并将答案写在答题卡上的相应题号后

 例:             was that the young player performed extremely in the table tennis tournament.(delight)

令球迷欣喜的是那位年轻的球员在乒乓球锦标赛中表现得极为出色。

答案:What delighted the fans/made the fans delighted

71.Without his help,we               (fail)

    没有他的帮助,我们可能就挂科了.

72.But as Chinese citizens                 the offshore wealth held by the country’s elites, banks are increasingly at risk of a regulatory backlash.(aware)

    但是随着中国居民通过国家的精英越来越意识到离岸财富的意义,银行即将面临监管反     弹的风险

73.Reed said that not only                      the attack, Zavala was actually struck and knocked to the ground herself during the incident(client)

    Reed说他的当事人不仅没有参与攻击,而是Zavala自己在事件中撞到地上的

74."There is no question that as a doctor, I will                  help my patient the more I know about them."(prepare)

    “毋庸置疑的是作为一个医生,我越了解病人,我就会更好的准备去帮助我的病人”

75.His remarks were seen partly                Saudi.(response)

    他的言论被看做是作为对Saudi 的部分回应.

76.If it does, the Middle East will be a safer place,                  a nuclear arms race. (free)

    如果是这样,中东地区将会变的安全,脱离核军备竞赛的恐惧。

77.The incident has also put a spotlight on America's card system,                            the sort of chip and PIN technology that has been in place in Europe for years.(rely)

    这个事件也将焦点投向美国的卡片系统,该系统不用依赖在欧洲运用多年的芯片和密码     技术。

78.This is the first time                      unequivocally detected on Ceres (vapor)

    这是第一次水蒸气被明确的检测到在克瑞斯星球上

79.One approach is to think of your home equity as a means of last resort                        (case)

    一个方法是把你的房屋净值视为最后的手段以防它发生。

80.The monthly payment obligation will be greater               .(tax)
    每月支付的义务将变的更大如果税收和保险都包括在内.

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