As the US wakes up to China's rising status as an economic and strategic competitor, US parents are urging their children to learn Chinese, reports Julian Borger．

The US is being swept by a rush to learn Mandarin--from wealthy New York mothers hiring Chinese nannies（保姆）for their small children to a defense department education project in Oregon．

The forces driving Mandarin's momentum（势头）are parental ambition for children facing a future in which China is almost certain to be a major player, and the government is worried about that America may get left behind in that new world．

The bottleneck in the supply of teachers．Mandarin instructors are difficult to import and difficult to train．There are visa problems in bringing over teachers from China but the biggest barrier is cultural．Teaching in Asia is generally done by rote and the change to western, interactive styles of instruction can be a large leap．

On the other hand, it requires enormous firmness for westerners to learn a language like Chinese, with its thousands of written characters．According to the Asia Society in New York, all of America's teacher-training institutions turn out only a couple of dozen homegrown Mandarin teachers．

One way to ease the shortage is to find native Mandarin speakers and use fast-track methods to train them．However, the majority of Chinese-Americans grew up speaking Cantonese, the dialect spoken in Hong Kong, where their parents came from．Many are them- selves signing on as Mandarin students at the private language schools springing up on the west coast．

1．What would be the best title for the passage?

A．The rising China and its influence in the US

B．America in critical need of learning Mandarin

C．The problems facing Americans while learning Mandarin

D．Why Mandarin learning is so popular in the US?

2．Why are US parents so eager to make their children learn Mandarin?

A．They are urged by the government to do so．

B．They are afraid to be left behind by other parents．

C．They believe China will play a major role in the future world．

D．They are just carried away by Mandarin's momentum．

3．The underlined word "rote" in the 4th paragraph probably, refers to a teaching pattern which _______

A．focuses on memory work      

B．allows the students to think independently

C．is centered on interactive skills

D．puts much emphasis on examinations

4．From the passage we can learn that the Americans prefer to have a Mandarin teacher _______．

A．who speak Cantonese．

B．who comes from Hong Kong．

C．who grows up in America．

D．who comes from Chinese mainland speaking Mandarin．

5．What is the main problem in the Mandarin's momentum in the US?

A．The lack of qualified teachers

B．The cultural barrier between the east and west

C．The Americans' lack of firmness

D．The many written Chinese characters