Motorists who used to listen to the radio or their favorite tunes on CDs may have a new way to entertain themselves, after engineers in Japan developed a musical road surface.
A team from the Hokkaido Industrial Research Institute has built a number of“melody roads,”which use cars as tuning forks to play music as they travel.
The concept works by using grooves(凹槽).They are cut at very specific intervals in the road surface. The melody road uses the spaces between to create different notes.
Depending on how far apart the grooves are, a car moving over them will produce a series of high or low notes, and designers are able to create a distinct tune.
Paten documents for the design describe it as notches “formed in a road surface so as to play a melody without producing simple sound or rhythm and reproduce melody-like tones”.
There are three musical strips in central and northern Japan—one of which plays the tune of a Japanese pop song. Reports say the system was invented by Shizuo Shinoda. He scraped some markings into a road with a bulldozer before driving over them and found that they helped to produce all kinds of tones.
The optimal speed for melody road is 44kph,but people say it is not always easy to get the intended sound.
“You need to keep the car windows closed to hear well,”wrote one Japanese blogger.“Driving too fast will sound like playing fast forward, while driving around 12mph［20km/h］has a slow-motion effect, making you almost car-sick.”
【小题1】According to the passage, melody roads use        to create different notes.

Motorists who used to listen to the radio or their favorite tunes on CDs may have a new way to entertain themselves, after engineers in Japan developed a musical road surface.

A team from the Hokkaido Industrial Research Institute has built a number of“melody roads,”which use cars as tuning forks to play music as they travel.

The concept works by using grooves(凹槽).They are cut at very specific intervals in the road surface. The melody road uses the spaces between to create different notes.

Depending on how far apart the grooves are, a car moving over them will produce a series of high or low notes, and designers are able to create a distinct tune.

Paten documents for the design describe it as notches “formed in a road surface so as to play a melody without producing simple sound or rhythm and reproduce melody-like tones”.

There are three musical strips in central and northern Japan—one of which plays the tune of a Japanese pop song. Reports say the system was invented by Shizuo Shinoda. He scraped some markings into a road with a bulldozer before driving over them and found that they helped to produce all kinds of tones.

The optimal speed for melody road is 44kph,but people say it is not always easy to get the intended sound.

“You need to keep the car windows closed to hear well,”wrote one Japanese blogger.“Driving too fast will sound like playing fast forward, while driving around 12mph［20km/h］has a slow-motion effect, making you almost car-sick.”

1.According to the passage, melody roads use        to create different notes.

2.We can learn from the passage that the highness of notes is depended on        .

3.The underlined word “optimal” in the passage might mean        .

4.In order to hear the music well, you have to        .

5.What’s the best title of the passage?

Directions: Complete the following passage by using ihe words in the box. Each word can only be used once.   Note that there is one word more than you need.

Frederick Douglass was an escaped slave in the movement that fought to end slavery in the United Stales. He became a  1.voce in the yean before the Civil War.

A few weeks ago, the National Park Service (NPS) _2._ Douglass's birth and Black History Month with the reopening of his home at Cedar Hill, a _3.site in Washington. D.C. The two-story house, which contains many of Douglass's personal possessions, had undergone a three-year _4.. (Thanks to the NTS website, however, you don't have to live in the nation's capital to visit it. Take a tour online.)

He was born Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey to a slave mother and a white father he never knew. Douglass grew up to become the first black _5.to bold a government office — as US minister and consul general (总领事) to Haiti.

As a youth, be never went to school. Educating slaves was illegal in the South, so be _6.taught himself to read and write. At 21 years old, he escaped from his slave owner to Massachusetts and changed his last name to Douglass, to hide his identity.

In the 1850s, Douglass was involved with the Underground Railroad, the system _7.up by antislavery groups to bring runaway slaves to the North and Canada. His home in Rochester, N.Y. was near the Canadian border. It became an important station on the _8., housing as many as 11 runaway slaves at a time.

He died in 1895. In his lifetime, Douglass witnessed the end of slavery in 1865 and the adoption of the 15th Amendment to the US Constitution (美国宪法修正案), which _9.African-Americans the right to vote.

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.  Note that there is one word more than you need.

Frederick Douglass was an escaped slave in the movement that fought to end slavery in the United Stales. He became a  41  voce in the yean before the Civil War.

A few weeks ago, the National Park Service (NPS) _42_ Douglass's birth and Black History Month with the reopening of his home at Cedar Hill, a _43  site in Washington. D.C. The two-story house, which contains many of Douglass's personal possessions, had undergone a three-year _44 _. (Thanks to the NTS website, however, you don't have to live in the nation's capital to visit it. Take a tour online.)

He was born Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey to a slave mother and a white father he never knew. Douglass grew up to become the first black _45  to bold a government office ― as US minister and consul general (总领事) to Haiti.

As a youth, be never went to school. Educating slaves was illegal in the South, so be _46  taught himself to read and write. At 21 years old, he escaped from his slave owner to Massachusetts and changed his last name to Douglass, to hide his identity.

In the 1850s, Douglass was involved with the Underground Railroad, the system _47  up by antislavery groups to bring runaway slaves to the North and Canada. His home in Rochester, N.Y. was near the Canadian border. It became an important station on the _48 , housing as many as 11 runaway slaves at a time.

He died in 1895. In his lifetime, Douglass witnessed the end of slavery in 1865 and the adoption of the 15th Amendment to the US Constitution (美国宪法修正案), which _49  African-Americans the right to vote.