A new study suggests that the round­the­clock availability that cell phones have brought to people's lives may take a toll on family life. The study，which followed more than 1,300 adults over 2 years, found that those who consistently used a mobile phone throughout the study period were more likely to report negative “spillover” between work and home life—and，in turn，less satisfaction with their family life.
Spillover essentially(本质上)means that the line between work and home begins to become unclear. Work life may invade home life when a parent is taking job­related calls at home，for instance—or family issues may start to take up work time. For example，a child may call mum at work，telling her “microwave exploded”，explained Noelle Chesley，an assistant professor of sociology at the University of Wisconsin­Milwaukee and the author of the study. The problem with cell phones seems to be that they are allowing for even more spillover between work and home.
This may be especially true for working women，the study found. Among men，consistent use of mobile phones seemed to allow more work issues to creep (潜入)into family time. But for women，the spillover tended to go in both directions. Being “connected” meant that work cut into home time，and family issues came into work life.
Cell phones seem to be opening more lines for stressful exchanges among family members. But there may be ways to control the spillover，according to Chesley. Employers, she said，could look at their policies on contacting employees after hours to make sure their expectations are “reasonable”．For their part，employees could decide that cell phones go off during family time, Chesley said.
【小题1】What does the underlined phrase “take a toll on” probably mean in Paragraph 1?

A new study suggests that the round­the­clock availability that cell phones have brought to people's lives may take a toll on family life. The study，which followed more than 1,300 adults over 2 years, found that those who consistently used a mobile phone throughout the study period were more likely to report negative “spillover” between work and home life—and，in turn，less satisfaction with their family life.
Spillover essentially(本质上)means that the line between work and home begins to become unclear. Work life may invade home life when a parent is taking job­related calls at home，for instance—or family issues may start to take up work time. For example，a child may call mum at work，telling her “microwave exploded”，explained Noelle Chesley，an assistant professor of sociology at the University of Wisconsin­Milwaukee and the author of the study. The problem with cell phones seems to be that they are allowing for even more spillover between work and home.
This may be especially true for working women，the study found. Among men，consistent use of mobile phones seemed to allow more work issues to creep (潜入)into family time. But for women，the spillover tended to go in both directions. Being “connected” meant that work cut into home time，and family issues came into work life.
Cell phones seem to be opening more lines for stressful exchanges among family members. But there may be ways to control the spillover，according to Chesley. Employers, she said，could look at their policies on contacting employees after hours to make sure their expectations are “reasonable”．For their part，employees could decide that cell phones go off during family time, Chesley said.
【小题1】What does the underlined phrase “take a toll on” probably mean in Paragraph 1?

On Sept. 11, an unseen enemy launched an attack on economic, military and governmental

Landmarks(标志) of the United States.

Beyond the tremendous(巨大的) loss of innocent lives and physical property, the attack was clearly aimed at the ideals of America—our values and the economic system that has made the U.S. economy the envy of the world.

Those responsible for these acts portray(描绘)the United States as the embodiment(化身)of all that is evil

With globalization and the worldwide economy it has spawned. They use the failures of globalization as an excuse to exploit their millions of constituents in the underdeveloped world.

Sometime soon, the U.S. military will strike back against those who it is determined have committed these acts. A military response is appropriate – some would say overdue(期待已久). But even if the military objective is achieved, that alone will not get to the heart of the matter.

It is crucial that the U.S. economy return to full speed ahead and continue to be the driving force behind expansion of the global economy.

Globalization, or at least the present phase of it, generally is viewed as having started with the end of the Cold War in 1989. And for all its shortcomings, the free flow of goods, services, capital and labor across the borders of the world’s trading nations — the process that has come to be called globalization—still offers the best chance to fulfill the dreams of so many of the world’s poor.

1.The attack on Sept. 11 caused _____.

A. loss to both the military forces and the ordinary citizens in the U.S.

B. a large variety of losses among the American people

C. greater loss to the American government than the citizens

D. less loss in the economy of the U.S. than the American ideals

2.The unseen enemy launched the attack because ________.

A. some people were jealous of the richness of the United States

B. the development of globalization frightened those who were conservative

C. everything evil might be thought to have something to do with the U.S.

D. the United States was considered the most evil country all over the world

3.According to the writer, a military response ________.

A. will be successful very soon

B. cannot make any sense to the matter

C. is really hard to some extent

D. will prove justifiable and necessary

4.What benefit will the globalization be of?

A. It will bring the expansion of the world’s economy.

B. The poor will become rich overnight if it is realized.

C. Nations will be too friendly to start a war against each other.

D. The borders between the nations will be abandoned soon.

5.What does the passage mainly talk about?

A. Economical factors are of great importance in international affairs.

B. The event on Sept. 11 has slowed down the process of globalization.

C. Military forces are necessary in the course of the development of economy.

D. The progress of globalization depends on the recovery of American economy.

A new study suggests that the round­the­clock availability that cell phones have brought to people's lives may take a toll on family life. The study，which followed more than 1,300 adults over 2 years, found that those who consistently used a mobile phone throughout the study period were more likely to report negative “spillover” between work and home life—and，in turn，less satisfaction with their family life.

Spillover essentially(本质上)means that the line between work and home begins to become unclear. Work life may invade home life when a parent is taking job­related calls at home，for instance—or family issues may start to take up work time. For example，a child may call mum at work，telling her “microwave exploded”，explained Noelle Chesley，an assistant professor of sociology at the University of Wisconsin­Milwaukee and the author of the study. The problem with cell phones seems to be that they are allowing for even more spillover between work and home.

This may be especially true for working women，the study found. Among men，consistent use of mobile phones seemed to allow more work issues to creep (潜入)into family time. But for women，the spillover tended to go in both directions. Being “connected” meant that work cut into home time，and family issues came into work life.

Cell phones seem to be opening more lines for stressful exchanges among family members. But there may be ways to control the spillover，according to Chesley. Employers, she said，could look at their policies on contacting employees after hours to make sure their expectations are “reasonable”．For their part，employees could decide that cell phones go off during family time, Chesley said.

1.What does the underlined phrase “take a toll on” probably mean in Paragraph 1?

2.According to Chesley，what is the best solution to the problem caused by cell phones?

3.We can learn from the passage that ________.

4.What is the main idea of the passage?

A new study suggests that the round­the­clock availability that cell phones have brought to people's lives may take a toll on family life. The study，which followed more than 1,300 adults over 2 years, found that those who consistently used a mobile phone throughout the study period were more likely to report negative “spillover” between work and home life—and，in turn，less satisfaction with their family life.

Spillover essentially(本质上)means that the line between work and home begins to become unclear. Work life may invade home life when a parent is taking job­related calls at home，for instance—or family issues may start to take up work time. For example，a child may call mum at work，telling her “microwave exploded”，explained Noelle Chesley，an assistant professor of sociology at the University of Wisconsin­Milwaukee and the author of the study. The problem with cell phones seems to be that they are allowing for even more spillover between work and home.

This may be especially true for working women，the study found. Among men，consistent use of mobile phones seemed to allow more work issues to creep (潜入)into family time. But for women，the spillover tended to go in both directions. Being “connected” meant that work cut into home time，and family issues came into work life.

Cell phones seem to be opening more lines for stressful exchanges among family members. But there may be ways to control the spillover，according to Chesley. Employers, she said，could look at their policies on contacting employees after hours to make sure their expectations are “reasonable”．For their part，employees could decide that cell phones go off during family time, Chesley said.

1.What does the underlined phrase “take a toll on” probably mean in Paragraph 1?

2.According to Chesley，what is the best solution to the problem caused by cell phones?

3.We can learn from the passage that ________.

4.What is the main idea of the passage?