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Do you ever wonder how some things came about? For instance, who figured out that there was something worth eating inside a banana peel? Or how astonishing do you have to be to discover that an artichoke has edible parts? Well, we may not know how either of those foods was discovered, but we do know how potato chips were invented.
Potato chips originated in New England as one man’s variation on the French-fried potatoes, and their production was the result not of a sudden inspiration of cooking invention but of a fit of annoyance.
It was the summer of 1853 and Commodore Vanderbilt, a wealthy railroad magnate, was vacationing at a hotel named Moon Lake Lodge in New York. On the restaurant menu were French-fried potatoes, prepared in the thick-cut French style that was popularized in France in the 1700s and enjoyed by Thomas Jefferson as ambassador to that country.
At dinner one night, Vanderbilt complained that his French-fried potatoes were cut too thick and sent them back to the kitchen. Offended by his snobby guest, chef George Crum decided he would give Mr. Vanderbilt exactly what he asked for! He decided to annoy the guest by producing French fries too thin and crisp. The chef angrily gathered up some potatoes and sliced them paper-thin. He threw the slices into hot oil to fry, drained and salted them and then personally served the new dish to Mr. Vanderbilt.
Surprised to see the chef in the dining room, the other diners fell into silence and everyone held their breath, waiting for Vanderbilt’s reaction.
Vanderbilt immediately popped a crisp potato slice into his mouth and the loud “Crunch” broke the silence. He continued to crunch away, delighted with his new dish. The plan backfired. Vanderbilt was interested in the browned, paper-thin potatoes. Clapping a surprised Chef Crum on the back, Vanderbilt praised him on the impressive potatoes. And other diners requested Crum’s potato chips, which began to appear on the menu as “Saratoga Chips”, a house specialty. Soon they were packaged and sold, first locally, then throughout the New England area. Crum eventually opened his own restaurant, featuring chips. At that time, potatoes were peeled and sliced by hand. It was the invention of the mechanical potato peeler in the 1920s that paved the way for potato chips to rise quickly from a small specialty item to a top-selling snack food.
1..
The author wrote the first paragraph to .
A. tell us how potato chips were invented
B. introduce the topic dealt with in the passage
C. give examples of how some things came about
D. explain why we do know how those foods were discovered
2..
. According to the passage, chef George Crum .
A. invented potato chips by accident
B. opened his own restaurant, featuring potatoes
C. served the new dish to Mr. Vanderbilt in private
D. helped promote potato chips to a top-selling snack
3..
. The production of potato chips was the result of .
A. Mr. Vanderbilt’s praise for the new dish
B. Thomas Jefferson’s appreciation of the French Fries
C. George Crum’s anger at Mr. Vanderbilt
D. the invention of the mechanical potato peeler
4..
The underlined word “backfired” in the 6th paragraph probably means .
A. developed in a successful way B. made a big difference
C. happened in a particular way D. had an opposite result
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听力
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
M：Oh you’re doing the painting all by yourself．Where is David?
W：He’s so lazy．He doesn’t do anything to help me．
1．What is the woman doing?
A．Cleaning her house．
B．Washing clothes．
C．Painting her rooms．
W：Ow! I’ve burnt myself．
M：How did you do that?
W：I picked up a hot dish．
2．Where does this conversation most probably take place?
A．In a kitchen．
B．In a restaurant．
C．In a shop．
M：Look! Somebody has spilt milk on the carpet．
W：Well, it wasn’t me．I didn’t do it．
M：I wonder who it was then．
3．What does the man want to know?
A．Who poured the milk into the cup．
B．Who drank the milk in the cupboard．
C．Who spilt milk on the carpet．
M：This food is awful, isn’t it?
W：Yes, it’s disgusting．I’m going to complain．
4．Where does the conversation probably take place?
A．In a restaurant．
B．At home．
C．In a shop．
W：The weather’s too nice to stay indoors．I’m going to sit in the garden．
M：That’s a good idea．I think I’ll join you．
5．What are they going to do?
A．To go to the garden．
B．To stay indoors．
C．To join a party．
第二节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题．从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前．你将有时间阅读各个小题．每小题5秒钟；听完后．各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6～7题。
M：Where do you live?
W：In Boston．
M：How long have you lived there?
W：Five years．
M：Where did you live before that?
W：In Chicago．
M：And how long did you live in Chicago?
W：Two years．
6．How long has the woman lived in Boston?
A．Four years．
B．Five years．
C．Six years．
7．How long did the woman live in Chicago?
A．Two years．
B．Four years．
C．Five years．
听第7段材料，回答第8～10题。
W：Well, what time shall we meet?
M：Come to the cafe by the station at four o’clock．I’ll be waiting for you when you arrive．I’ll be sitting by the window and I’ll be wearing a bright green sweater．
W：OK．Is Agent 307 coming too?
M：No, she can’t be there．
W：Oh．Shall I bring the documents?
M：Yes．I’ll explain everything when I see you．And don’t be late．
W：OK．I’ll try to be on time．
8．What time will they meet?
A．At four o’clock．
B．At five o’clock．
C．At six o’clock．
9．What can be inferred from their conversation?
A．They are old friends and haven’t seen each other for a long time．
B．They are going to meet another person in the cafe．
C．The two speakers have never seen each other before．
10．What will the woman bring?
A．An umbrella．
B．The documents．
C．A bright green sweater．
听第8段材料，回答第11～13题。
M：Do you have any plans for next year?
W：Well, I’d travel if I could afford it．But I don’t have any money．
M：If you found a job abroad, would you take it?
W：If it were somewhere I want to go, I’d certainly consider it carefully．
M：What about working as an “au pair”(家庭打工留学生), living with a family and doing some housework?
W：I’d only consider that if I were sure about the family．If they didn’t treat me well, I’d be very miserable．
M：Yes．You’d have to be sure to use a reputable agency．We have a list in the office．I will get you one if you’re interested．
W：Yes, I am．Um, if I decided to apply, would you give me a reference?
M：Of course．Well, I hope you succeed, whatever you decide to do．
W：Thank you very much．I’ll let you know．
M：Yes, I’d like that．Goodbye．
W：Goodbye．
11．Why does the man suggest that the woman should find a job?
A．Because it is necessary for the woman to have some experience of doing a job．
B．Because the woman needs money for the travel．
C．Because they need the money to support the family．
12．What worries the woman if she works as an “au pair”?
A．Whether she could get used to the life style of the family．
B．Whether the family are friendly to her．
C．Whether she could get as much money as she expects．
13．Which of the following is true?
A．The woman has not decided what to do．
B．The man has given the woman a list of agencies．
C．The woman is not interested in the man’s suggestion．
听第9段材料，回答第14～17题。
M：Shall we ask the girl Garlo’s been going out with to the party?
W：Who’s that?
M：Celia’s her name．She works in that cinema where they show all the foreign films．
W：But will she be free on Thursday evening?
M：Yes, it’s her evening off．That’s the reason I suggested Thursday．
W：OK．Who else? What about Nicky and Cherry?
M：Are they the girls you went to France with?
W：Yes．If they bring their boyfriends, that’ll be ten of us．But have you got a room that is big enough? My mother says we can’t use our sitting-room because we made too much mess the last time she let us have a party．
M：It’s all right．We’ve got a basement(地下室)where we store old furniture．If we clean it up, it’ll be fine．
W：Great．Let’s go and have a look at it．
14．Where does Celia work?
A．In a cinema．
B．In a hotel．
C．In a hospital．
15．On what day is Celia free?
A．On Tuesday．
B．On Thursday．
C．On Saturday．
16．How many people will their party?
A．Ten．
B．Five．
C．Six．
17．Where will they have their party?
A．In the woman’s house．
B．In the man’s house．
C．A restaurant owner．
听第10段材料，回答第18～20题。
W：Hi, Tom．What is your plan for the summer break?
M：I’m going to work on the coast at Nantucket．
W：What are you planning to do on the coast?
M：My uncle owns a restaurant there, so I’ll be working as a waiter at night and then helping him do some accounting(会计, 清算账目)a few days each week．I have to save a lot of money for the next school year．Maybe we can get together and go to the beach this summer since we’ll be living near each other．
W：That sounds good．I’ll be working on a boat during July, and I won’t return to shore for the entire month．But in June and later in August I’ll be working in the lab, and I could drive up and see you in Nantucket．
M：OK．My uncle tells me June is the best time to go there before the town gets too crowded with tourists．Call me before you leave tomorrow, and I’ll give you a phone number where I can be reached this summer．
W：All right．I’ll talk to you later．
M：Thanks．
18．What is the man’s uncle?
A．A tourist．
B．A waiter．
C．A restaurant owner．
19．Where will the woman be working during July?
A．In the lab．
B．On a boat．
C．On the shore．
20．When is the best time to go to the shore?
A．July．
B．June．
C．August．
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第一节：(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话．每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项．听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题．每段对话仅读一遍．
1．Where is the man now?
A．In a hotel．
B．In his home．
C．In a restaurant．
2．Where does this conversation most probably take place?
A．In a kitchen．
B．In a dining－room．
D．In a sitting－room．
3．Where does this conversation most probably take place?
A．In a restaurant．
B．On a farm．
C．At the man's home．
4．What does the man suggest doing?
A．Preparing the dinner at home．
B．Buying something to eat．
C．Eating in a restaurant．
5．What is the woman going to buy for herself?
A．Some cigarettes．
B．Some colorful dresses．
C．She doesn't say．
第二节：(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白．每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项．听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每个小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间．每段对话或独白读两遍．
听下面一段材料，回答第6至第8题．
6．Why is the man so angry?
A．One of the cooks is sick．
B．The woman treats him coldly．
C．His food isn't served quickly enough．
7．Why is the soup cold?
A．The man didn't notice it．
B．The cook cooled it in advance．
C．The woman didn't bring it in time．
8．What can we learn from the conversation?
A．The woman is very patient．
B．The soup will be warmed up．
C．The man will drink the soup．
听下面一段材料，回答第9至第11题．
9．What is the relationship between Mrs．Black and the man?
A．Hostess and her guest．
B．A teacher and a student．
C．Mother and her son．
10．What was the weather like when they had the picnic?
A．Terrible．
B．Rainy．
C．Lovely．
11．Where did the man have his picnic?
A．In a house．
B．In a boat．
C．On an island．
听下面一段材料，回答第12至第13题．
12．Where are they?
A．In a restaurant．
B．At the woman's home．
C．In the man's room．
13．How much does the man know about western table manner?
A．Little．
B．Much．
C．Nothing．
听下面一段材料，回答第14至第15题．
14．What is the possible relationship between the two speakers?
A．Waiter and customer．
B．Husband and wife．
C．Friends．
15．What is the man going to do?
A．Throw away the sandwiches．
B．Bring the woman some beef sandwiches．
C．Ask her to order another one．
听下面一段材料，回答第16至第20题．
16．Why must we have a good eating habit?
A．To eat more．
B．To enjoy our meals．
C．To be healthy and strong．
17．When is it good to eat sweets and ice－cream?
A．When we are hungry．
B．After the meal．
C．When we want to．
18．When is it better to have our meals?
A．At the same time each day．
B．When our work is over．
C．When the meal is still hot．
19．How could a man who had told lies eat dry bread according to the judges in England?
A．Easily．
B．With difficulty．
C．As usual．
20．What is one's appetite like when a man is angry?
A．Big．
B．As usual．
C．Lose his or her appetite．