摘要:13.构词法 (1)合成法 (2)派生法 (3)转化法 (4)缩写和简写

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There are many things we can do in our daily life to reduce the amount of greenhouse gas sent out. Probably the most important is to share what you have learned with your family and friends.

   ★ Use the family car less. Walk or cycle whenever possible. Take a bus. Try ride sharing.

   ★ Use less energy in the house by turning down the heat when you are away or sleeping and turning off lights and electrical equipment you aren't using.

   ★ If your family needs a car, make sure to buy a fuel-efficient one.  An average car sends out nearly 60 tons of carbon dioxide during its lifetime, compared to between 22 and 30 tons from a fuel-efficient car.

   ★ Encourage your family to use the car more efficiently (有效地): for example, check the air in the tires. Underinflated tires can increase fuel use by 8%. Turn the car off instead of letting it run when it is stopped. Idling uses more gas and sets free carbon dioxide into the air,

   ★ Reuse, recycle and compost (把…合成肥料 ) your waste. It takes much less energy to reuse or recycle a product than to make a new one. Correctly composting your food and yard waste removes the methane (沼气) that they would cause at the landfill site. Buying less is al- ways the best.

★ Plant trees. Trees take in carbon dioxide, reduce pollution, provide shade, and look great.

1. Which of the following does the writer suggest that we should not do?

  A. Share cars with other people if possible.  B. Make sure our car tires are well inflated.

  C. Compost our home waste at the landfill site. D. Buy less products even if we can afford.

2. A fuel-efficient car gives of ?_____ tons of carbon dioxide during its lifetime less than an average car.

A. 22-30     B. 30-38     C. 60     D. 8-30

3. The purpose of this text is to call on people ________

  A. to control greenhouse gas     B. to make full use of energy

  C. to plant more trees        D. to buy fuel-efficient cars

 

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  When 70-year-old Bernie Meyers of Wilmette, Ill, died suddenly a cancer, his eight-year-old granddaughter Sarah Meyers didn’t have a chance to say goodbye to him.For weeks Sarah said little about what she was feeling.But then one day she came home from a friend’s birthday party with a bright helium balloon(氦气球).“She went into the house,”her mother recalls,“and came out carrying the balloon and an envelope addressed to ‘Grandpa Bernie, in Heaven Up High.’”

  The envelope contained a letter in which Sarah told her grandfather that she loved him and hoped somehow he could hear her.Sarah wrote her return address on the envelope, tried the envelope to the balloon and let it go.“The balloon seemed so fragile,”her mother remembers.“I didn’t think it would make it pass the trees.But it did.”

  Two months passed.Then one day a letter arrived addressed to“Sarah Meyers’ Family”and bearing(盖有)a York, Pa(宾州)post mark.

  “Dear Sarah, family & friends,

  Your letter to Grandpa Bernie Meyers safely reached the address and was read by him.I understand they can’t keep material things up there, so it drifted back to Earth.Those who live in Heaven just keep thoughts, memories, love and things like that.Sarah, whenever you think about your grandpa, he know and is very close by with love.

  Sincerely yours

  Don Kopp(also a grandpa)

  Kopp, a 63-year-old retired clerk, had found the letter and the nearly deflated balloon while hunting in northeastern Pennsylvania(宾夕法尼亚州)——almost 600 miles from Wilmette.The balloon had floated over at least three states and one of the Great Lakes before coming to rest on a tree.

  “Though it took me a couple of days to think of what to say,”Kopp notes,“it was important to me that I write to Sarah.”

  “I just wanted to hear from Grandpa somehow,”says Sarah.“Now I think I have heard from him.”

(1)

What did Sarah want to do after her grandpa died?

[  ]

A.

She wanted to say good-bye to him

B.

She wanted to post a letter to her grandpa

C.

She wanted to give her grandpa a birthday gift, a helium balloon

D.

he wanted to make an experiment with a helium balloon

(2)

How did Sarah send a letter to her grandpa?

[  ]

A.

She put the letter into the balloon

B.

She stuck the letter on the balloon

C.

She used the helium balloon to tie the letter to

D.

She wrote something on the balloon and then let it go up

(3)

Which sentence is NOT true?

[  ]

A.

The letter drifted back to Earth

B.

The letter went up to Heaven

C.

The letter was caught on a tree

D.

The letter was received by a grandpa

(4)

Who answered the letter?

[  ]

A.

Her grandpa

B.

A retired clerk

C.

A hunter

D.

Both B and C

(5)

What is the best title for the passage?

[  ]

A.

Love finds a way

B.

A letter from Heaven

C.

A surprising answer

D.

An unexpected result

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  It takes more than just practice to become an Olympian.Gold medal performances require some serious nutrition.Have you ever wondered what these successful athletes eat to stay in peak shape?

  Keri Glassman, a registered dietitian and founder of Nutritious Life Meals, appeared on “Good Morning America” today to give you a glimpse into the diets of some top athletes.Some of their meals could surprise you.

  Crazy Calorie Count

  Glassman said Olympians eat a lot of food- quantities that for ordinary people would constitute pigging out.One secret of swimmer Michael Phelps' astonishing performance in the 2008Olympics in Beijing was consuming as many as 12,000 calories in one day.

  Athletes can eat like this and not gain any weight because their workouts are intense.According to Glassman, Phelps' workouts can burn 4,000 to 6,000 calories in a day, and those calories must be added in order to train the following day.

  Snacking Secrets

  Some athletes eat strange foods that improve their performance.Yohan Blake, the Jamaica sprinter and 100-meter world champion, has stolen champion sprinter Usain Bolt's thunder on the track during the Olympic trials, Asked about how he gets his energy.Blake answered that he eats 16 bananas per day,Glassman said.

  Jonathan Horton, the lead gymnast on the US team, has a blood sugar problem.His solution is honey.When he starts to feel shaky at the gym, he takes honey to boost his energy, Classman said.

  Foods for Recovery

  What are the best foods to help the body recover after harsh competition?

  For Olympic swimmer Ryan Lochte, the recovery meal is grilled chicken breasts with Alfredo sauce, whole-grain spaghetti and a salad with lemon juice and olive oil.Lochte, who recently cut out junk food, candy and soda, has undertaken a strength-training regimen(养生法)that involves flipping tractor tires, and tossing beer kegs, Glassman said.

(1)

What's the best title of this passage?

[  ]

A.

Good Diet Makes a True Olympian.

B.

Olympians Have Olympic-size Appetites.

C.

Olympians'Strange Eating Habits.

D.

The Diet of Some Top Olympic Athletes.

(2)

What does the underlined sentence probably mean?

[  ]

A.

Ordinary people eat few pigs compared with Olympians.

B.

Olympians eat a lot more food than ordinary people.

C.

Olympians tend to eat a lot of high-quality food.

D.

Olympians eat a large amount of food, just like pigs.

(3)

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

[  ]

A.

Ryan Lochte quit eating junk food, candy and soda for his better recovery.

B.

Yohan Blake finally beat Usain Bolt in the 100-meter track in the Olympics.

C.

Michael Phelps'astonishing performance was due to his eating lots of food.

D.

Jonathan Horton has a blood sugar problem because of taking too much honey.

(4)

Which of the following is not the best food to help the body recover?

[  ]

A.

Soda.

B.

Olive oil.

C.

Whole-grain spaghetti.

D.

A salad with lemon juice.

(5)

The passage is most likely to be found in.

[  ]

A.

a technical report

B.

a fashion magazine

C.

an education column

D.

a sports newspaper

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When I was young,my parents ran a snack bar in our small town.

One evening in early April,my mother told me to fill in at the snack bar 36  a worker who had the flu.I told her I would mess it up, 37 I had never worked at the bar before.I  38 

that instead of making money,I would end up owing it.

“You can do it,”said my mother.“  39  ,you won’t get much business until lunch.”

“But I’ll never remember the orders,and I’m no good ___40_ money.Please,Mom,don’t

  41  me.”

“Then I’ll help you,”she said.

I shrugged my shoulders.I thought my mother’s   42   was a bad one,but I    43   .

When I got to the bar the next day,I found my mother was  44  .Because the weather that day was rainy and cold,people wanted hot snacks and drinks.  45  ,I was really slow at taking the orders and making change.The line of people grew,and everybody seemed  46  .I was so nervous that my hands shook,and I   47 a cup into pieces.What a mess!Then my mother came to  48 me,and she also showed me how to make  49  .If someone gave me $5 for something that cost $3.25,I handed over  50  quarters and a dollar and said,“75 cents makes four dollars,plus one dollar makes five.”Things went more  51  after that.

By the end of the day,I could remember orders,  52  the bill,and make change quickly with a smile.I was even a little  53  when the sun came out and dried up business.My mother said she was proud of me,and when she  54  that I work at the snack bar again next year,I did not even shrug.I was too busy  55  the restaurant I would open one day.

36.A.to             B.for           C.after             D.over

37.A.because        B.though        C.until             D.while

38.A.promised           B.noticed        C.worried           D.hoped

39.A.Therefore       B.However      C.Besides           D.Yet

40.A.of            B.on           C.about            D.with

41.A.blame          B.fool          C.frighten           D.make

42.A.idea           B.bar           C.day              D.answer

43.A.guessed        B.obeyed        C.begged           D.admitted

44.A.angry          B.sad          C.wrong            D.ashamed

45.A.At least         B.At last        C.At most           D.At first

46.A.surprised           B.impolite       C.pleased           D.impatient

47.A.damaged        B.destroyed      C.broke            D.ruined

48.A.scold          B.help          C.beat             D.save

49.A.money         B.lunch         C.coffee            D.change

50.A.two           B.three         C.four             D.five

51.A.smoothly           B.fairly         C.simply            D.conveniently

52.A.turn in         B.count out      C.take over          D.add up

53.A.discouraged     B.disturbed      C.disappointed       D.distrusted

54.A.thought         B.stated         C.announced         D.suggested

55.A.imagining       B.preparing      C.examining         D.describing

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