摘要: It is stated in the first paragraph that there may be . A. people who are better than machines at sensing earthquake activity B. people who are developing new methods of preventing earthquakes C. new machines that will soon be able to accurately predict earthquakes D. new machines to help earthquake sensitive people make predictions

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阅读理解

  There is nothing in the Hippocratic Oath that tells doctors what to do when they make a mistake with a patient.Nor is there much on this subject in medical school curriculums or in training programs.

  But there should be.

  Much was made of the Institute of Medicine’s 1999 report that 44,000 to 98,000 people die each year in hospitals from preventable medical errors, many of them made by doctors.

  The report stated much first-hand information to address the problem, but there was little discussion about how doctors, when they have made mistakes, should deal with their patients,

  Everyone assumes that the ever-present threat of accusation has made doctors more anxious about admitting error, and no doubt it has, But doctors have always been tight-lipped about their mistakes, in part to preserve an illusion(幻觉,错误的信仰)of medical omnipotence(全能)

  Studies suggest that patients are less likely to accuse doctors when they apologize for mistakes, and many hospitals now encourage their physicians to admit their errors.According to an supportive group called The Sorry Works! Coalition, 16 states have already passed laws giving doctors legal immunity(饶恕)for their apologies to patients.

  Of course, there are plenty of doctors with a nice bedside manner who can get away with bad treatment.How else to explain patients who often line up in court to support doctors accused of malpractice(失职)?

  The surprising truth is that many patients have a hard time knowing whether they are really getting good medical care.

  Because so many diseases change randomly over time, patients sometimes spontaneously(自发的)improve despite improper treatment.On the other hand, a patient who receives exemplary medical care may fare badly(情况不好)simply because the illness is hard to treat.In other words, doctors are often praised or blamed, when the outcome is in fact a chance event.

  Many, perhaps even most, medical errors probably have little ill effect and go unnoticed by patients.Many lawyers would disagree, but doctors ought to let their patients know when they’ve made a mistake; it humanizes them and builds trust.

(1)

According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

[  ]

A.

The doctor made the mistake deliberately so they do not apologize.

B.

Doctors never tell the patient they have made a mistake.

C.

The patients won’t forgive the doctor if he make the mistake.

D.

The patient will usually forgive the doctor when the mistake are not intentional.

(2)

What does the sentence “But there should be” mean in the second paragraph?

[  ]

A.

But there should be more subjects in medical school.

B.

But there should be something more specific in the Oath.

C.

But the doctor should not make any mistake.

D.

But there should be something to tell the doctor what to do when they make a mistake.

(3)

What will patients most possibly do when a doctor makes a mistake?

[  ]

A.

They will sue(控告)the doctor.

B.

They will let it go.

C.

They will be more willing to forgive if the doctor apologizes.

D.

They will beat the doctor.

(4)

What is NOT true according to the passage?

[  ]

A.

Many states have legally encouraged the doctors to admit their fault.

B.

Medical errors are often ignored by the patients.

C.

The behavior that the doctor apologizes can build trust between the patients and the doctor.

D.

It is easy for patients to know whether they are under a good treatment.

(5)

What is the author’s attitude toward the opinion that the doctor should apologize when he makes a mistake?

[  ]

A.

Supportive

B.

Critical

C.

Indifferent

D.

Neutral

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阅读理解。
     The English, as a race, are very different in many ways from all other nationalities, including their closest
neighbors, the French and the Belgians. It is claimed that living on an island separated from the rest of the
Europe has much to do with it. Whatever the reasons are, it may be fairly stated that the Englishman has
developed many attitudes and habits which distinguish him from other nationalities.
     Broadly speaking, an Englishman is a quiet, shy, reserved person who is fully relaxed only among people
he knows well. In the presence of strangers or foreigners he often seems restrained, even embarrassed. You
have only to witness a city train any morning or evening to see the truth of this. Serious looking men and
women sit reading their newspapers of having a light sleep in a corner, no one speaks. In fact, to do so would
seem most unusual. An Englishman, pretending to be giving advice to overseas visitors, once suggested, "On
entering a railway carriage, shake hands with all the passengers." Needless to say, he was not being serious.
There is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which, if broken, makes the person immediately
suspected.
     In many parts of the world it is quite normal to show openly extremes of enthusiasm, emotion, excitement,
etc., often accompanied by appropriate gestures. The Englishman is somewhat different. Of course, an
Englishman feels no less deeply than any one of a different nationality, but he tends to display his feelings far
less. This is reflected in his use of language. Imagine a man commenting on the great beauty of a young girl.
Whereas a more emotional man might describe her as "an excellent jewel", "extremely beautiful", and "precious",
the Englishman will flatly state "Oh, she's all right." An Englishman who has seen a highly successful and
enjoyable film recommends it to a friend by commenting, "It's not bad you know." or on seeing very unusual
scenery he might convey his pleasure by saying. "Nice, yes, very nice." The overseas visitor must not be
disappointed by this apparent lack of interest and involvement. Instead, he must realize that "all right", "not bad",
and"nice", very often have the sense of "first-class", "excellent", and "beautiful". This use of language of a
unique style, particularly common in England is known as restrained statement.
1. From the passage people can infer that the English are different from other nationalities mainly in _____.
[     ]
A. attitudes
B. characters
C. habits
D. all the above
2. If one doesn't want to be suspected in pubic, he had better _____.
[     ]
A. follow the English code of behavior
B. shake hands with all the people he meets
C. talk with others
D. keep quiet
3. The underlined word "restrained" in paragraph 2 most probably means _____.
[     ]
A. friendly and kind
B. polite and graceful
C. afraid and frightened
D. calm and controlled
4. According to the passage, the Englishman _____.
[     ]
A. has less feelings than other nationalities
B. has emotions as deep as any other nationalities
C. is liable to express emotion by means of language
D. likes to have a joke with foreign visitors
5. An Englishman's saying "all right" usually expresses the meaning of "_____".
[     ]
A. not bad
B. quite right
C. not good
D. very good
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  The English, as a race, are very different in many ways from all other nationalities, including their closest neighbors, the French, the Belgians and the Dutch. It is claimed(断言)that living on an island separated from the rest of Europe has much to do with it. Whatever the reasons are, it may be fairly stated that the Englishman has developed many attitudes and habits which distinguish him from(使区别于)other nationalities.

  Broadly speaking, the Englishman is a quiet, shy, reserved person who is fully relaxed only among people he knows well. In the presence of strangers or foreigners he often seems restrained, even embarrassed(局促不安). You have only to witness(目击)a city train any morning or evening to see the truth of this. Serious looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or having a light sleep in a corner, no one speaks. In fact, to do so would seem most unusual. An Englishman, pretending to be giving advice to overseas visitors, once suggested,“On entering a railway carriage, shake hands with all the passengers.”Needless to say, he was not being serious. There is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which, if broken, makes the person immediately suspected(怀疑).

  In many parts of the world it is quite normal to show openly extremes of enthusiasm, emotion, excitement, etc, often accompanied by appropriate gesture. The Englishman is somewhat different. Of course, an Englishman feels no less deeply than anyone of a different nationality, but he tends to display his feelings far less. This is reflected in his use of language. Imagine a man commenting on the great beauty of a young girl. Whereas(当……时)a more emotional man might describe her state,“Oh, she's all right.”An Englishman who has seen a highly successful and enjoyable film recommends(推荐)it to a friend by commenting,“It's not bad you know”, or on seeing very unusual scenery he might convey(表达)his pleasure by saying,“Nice, yes, very nice.”The overseas visitor must not be disappointed by this apparent lack of interest and involvement. Instead, he must realize that“all right,”“not bad,”and“nice,”very often have the sense of“first class,”“excellent,”“beautiful.”This use of language of a unique style, particularly common in England is known as restrained statement.

(1) From the passage people can infer that the English are different from other nationalities mainly ________.

[  ]

A.attitude
B.character
C.habits
D.all the above

(2) If one doesn't want to be suspected in public, he had better ________.

[  ]

A.follow the English code of behavior

B.shake hands with all the people he meets

C.talk with others

D.keep quiet

(3) The underlined word“restrained”in Paragraph 2 most probably means ________.

[  ]

A.friendly and kind
B.polite and graceful
C.afraid and frightened
D.calm and controlled

(4) According to the passage, the Englishman ________.

[  ]

A.has less feelings than other nationalities

B.has emotions as deep as any other nationalities

C.is liable(易于……的)to express emotion by means of language

D.likes to have a joke with foreign visitors

(5) An Englishman's saying“all right”usually express the meaning of“________”.

[  ]

A.not bad
B.quite right
C.fairly good
D.very good
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阅读理解

  The English, as a race, are very different in many ways from all other nationalities, including their closest neighbors, the French, the Belgians and the Dutch.It is claimed(断言)that living on an island separated from the rest of Europe has much to do with it.Whatever the reasons are, it may be fairly stated that the Englishman has developed many attitudes and habits which distinguish(使区别于)him from other nationalities.

  Broadly speaking, the Englishman is a quiet, shy, reserved person who is fully relaxed only among people he knows well.In the presence of strangers or foreigners he often seems restrained, even embarrassed(局促不安).You have only to witness a city train any morning or evening to see the truth of this.Serious looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or having a light sleep in a corner, no one speaks.In fact, to do so would seem most unusual, An Englishman, pretending to be giving advice to overseas visitors, once suggested,“On entering a railway carriage, shake hands with all the passengers.”Needless to say, he was not being serious, There is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which if broken, makes the person immediately suspected(怀疑).

  In many parts of the world it is quite normal to show openly extremes of enthusiasm, emotion, excitement, etc.often accompanied by appropriate gesture.The Englishman is somewhat different.Of course, an Englishman feels no less deeply than anyone of a different nationality, but he tends to display his feelings far less.This is reflected in his use of language.Imagine a man commenting on the great beauty of a young girl.Whereas(当……时)a more emotional man might describe her state“Oh, she's all right”.An Englishman who has seen a highly successful and enjoyable film recommends(推荐)it to a friend by commenting,“It's not bad you know,”or on seeing very unusual scenery he might convey(表达)his pleasure by saying,“Nice, yes, very nice.”The overseas visitor must not be disappointed by this apparent lack of interest and involvement.Instead, he must realize that“all right” “not bad”and“nice”, very often have the sense of“first-class”“excellent”“beautiful.”This use of language of a unique style, particularly common in England is known as restrained statement.

(1)

From the passage people can infer that the English are different from other nationalities mainly in ________.

[  ]

A.

attitude

B.

character

C.

babits

D.

all the above

(2)

If one doesn't want to be suspected in public, he had better ________.

[  ]

A.

follow the English code of behavior

B.

shake hands with all the people he meets

C.

talk with others

D.

keep quiet

(3)

The underlined word“restrained”in Paragraph 2 most probably means ________.

[  ]

A.

friendly and kind

B.

polite and graceful

C.

afraid and frightened

D.

calm and controlled

(4)

According to the passage, the Englishman ________.

[  ]

A.

has less feelings than other nationalities

B.

has emotions as deep as any other nationalities

C.

is liable(易于……的)to express emotion by means of language

D.

likes to have a joke with foreign visitors

(5)

An Englishman's saying“all right”usually expresses the meaning of“________”.

[  ]

A.

not bad

B.

quite right

C.

fairly good

D.

very good

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  Predicting when an earthquake or volcanic eruption will take place is extremely difficult, even with the advanced technological equipment available to modern scientists. There are some people, however, who believe they can sense when a major geological(地质学上的) event is coming. They claim to be "earthquake sensitive".

 Sensitivity to the earth's movements, according to those who say they have it, is revealed in different ways. Some say they are unusually clumsy and keep dropping things and having small accidents just before a big event. Others suddenly have a strong desire to eat popcorn, and don' t know why. Though it may sound crazy, they say it tells them that a big earthquake is less than 24 hours away.

 The most common sign of an approaching disaster among earthquake sensitive people is said to be a bad headache. Arguably the first person to connect her own headaches to coming geological events was an American woman called Charlotte, King. She became famous for her prediction of the eruption of Washington's Mr. St. Helens on May 18, 1980, when she was accurate to within 12 minutes of the actual event.

    King was tested by doctors and scientists and found to possess unusual hearing abilities. She could hear sounds in frequencies that most human beings cannot, and claimed to have been hearing such sounds since 1976. Three years later, she noticed that when the sounds changed in pitch or rhythm, giving her unpleasant headaches, a large earthquake would be reported within 72 hours.

66. It is stated in the first paragraph that there may be ________.

    A. people who are able to detect earthquake activity

    B. people who are developing new methods of preventing earthquakes

    C. new machines to help earthquake sensitive people make predictions

    D. new machines that will soon be able to accurately predict earthquakes

67. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?

    A. Charlotte King                    B. A magical ability

    C. Human vs Machine                  D. Earthquake and volcanic eruption

68. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a sign of an approaching earthquake?

    A. A very loud noise.                  B. A painful headache.

    C. An urge to eat popcorn.             D. A tendency to drop things.

69. Charlotte King became well known because she ________.

    A. timed an earthquake to within 12 minutes

    B. correctly predicted a big volcanic eruption

    C. can make sounds other people cannot hear

    D. is smarter than many doctors and scientists

70. What enables Charlotte King to predict a geological event?

    A. The headache.                       B. The frequency of a sound.

C. Her special hearing ability.             D. The pitch or rhythm of a sound.

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