阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 然后从1-10各题所给的四个选项中, 选出一个最佳答案。

    Swimming and other water sports can be great fun. Yet 1 people can not swim. Many are 2 water. They have no confidence (信心) in their ability (能力) to learn to swim well. A few years ago, scientists did experiments to find out how people learn new skills. They found that, 3 the first time a person tried a task determined whether or not he would ever be any 4 it. For example, if a child tried to roller-skate (穿四轮鞋溜冰) for the first time and did it well, then he would probably become 5 roller-skater. If he did it badly, then he would probably never be good. For this reason, it is important that a person's first step at swimming should be successful.　　Scientists also know that a 6 experience will do harm to a person's confidence. For example, if a non-swimmer (非游泳者) is 7 deep water for fun, it will take him a long time to regain (恢复) confidence in the water.　　So learner-swimmers (初学游泳者) should take each step 8 . The first thing to do is to gain confidence in the water. Never jump in at first.　　 Sit on the side. Better still, walk slowly down the steps into 9 water.Try to walk along the side of the bath. Duck (猛然低下) your head under the water, keeping your eyes open 10 . Lift your feet off the bottom and let your body float to the surface. You will soon be ready to learn to swim.

  1. A. million of　　　　   B. millions of 　　 C. millions　　　　　　 D. million to　　　　　　　　 ［　　 ］   2. A. fond of　　　　　　  B. kind to　　   　　 C. afraid of　　　　　　D. sick of　　　　　　　　　　［　　 ］   3. A. general speaking　　 B. generally spoken 　　 C. general speech　　   D. generally speaking　　　　 ［　　 ］   4. A. good at　　　　　　  B. well for 　　 C. good to　　　　　　  D. well in　　　　　　　　　　［　　 ］   5. A. a bad　　　　　　　　B. an old 　　 C. a good　　　　　　   D. a young　　　　　　　　　　［　　 ］   6. A. frightened　　　　   B. frightening 　　 C. being frightened　　 D. frightening　　　　　　　　［　　 ］   7. A. dropping into　　　　B. pushing into 　　 C. pushed into　　　　  D. dropped onto　　　　　　   ［　　 ］   8. A. very slow　　　　　　B. slowly 　　 C. very fast　　　　　　D. quickly　　　　　　　　　　［　　 ］   
  9. A. shallow (浅的)　　   B. narrow 　　 C. deep　　　　　　　　 D. wide　　　　　　　　　　   ［　　 ］   10. A. as you do　　　　   B. like you do it  　　  C. as you do so　　　　D. while you are doing　　　　［　　 ］　　  

　　A senior United Nations Children’s Fund(UNICEF) official on May 29 praised China for its remarkable achievements in children’s welfare(福利).

A. H. M. Farook, UNICEF’s operations area officer for China and Mongolia said that China “can be very satisfied to tell the whole world what can be done with limited resources to help its children to grow healthily and happily.”

　　China’s child population makes up one-fifth of the world’s total. “The reason behind the tremendous(巨大的) achievement is China’s long tradition of caring for children both at home and in society,” he said.

　　“What’s more is that Chinese people have always given special attention to children who are in special need.” The UN official made the remarks when addressing a group of 50 children and staff from the Beijing Children’s Welfare Home at the Shangri-la Hotel, Beijing.

　　The hotel invited the orphans to share snacks(小吃), sing, dance and play games at a park inside the hotel for a “Share the Sunshine” party, as a prelude(前奏) to celebrations to mark the Children’s Day.

　　The Beijing children’s Welfare Home, set up soon after New China was founded in 1949, has at present more than 400 children.

　　A leading official of the welfare institution said that the children live a happy life and that the agency(机构) spends 400—500 yuan a month for an average orphan. An average Chinese workers earned 440 yuan a month during the first quarter this year.

　　Gu Xiaojin, deputy secretary-general of the China Youth Development Foundation(CYDF), said people from all walks of life have contributed to the welfare of the Chinese children.

　　She said that CYDF set up the Project Hope in 1989, which calls on people across the country to donate money to help poor children to continue their schooling.

　　By the end of last year, she said, CYDF had collected nearly 700 million yuan in donations, which has helped the establishment(建立) of 2, 074 Hope primary schools and enabled more than 1. 25 million dropouts to return to school classrooms.

　　Three “Hope Stars” also attended the party. They were model teenagers chosen among students who are economically supported by the Project Hope to further their nine-year compulsory(义务) studies in the poverty-stricken regions. They will be torchbearers(火炬接力者) for the Chinese Team for the up coming Atlanta Olympic Games this year.

1. Children can grow healthily and happily as long as _______.

A. parents take good care of them both at home and in society

B. the whole society care for children as well as their parents

C. Schools and teachers pay much attention to the growth of children

D. Chinese people always give special attention to children who are in special need

2. Every year the Beijing Children’s Welfare Home spends _______ on the orphans

A. 1, 920, 000 yuan 　　　　　 　　B. 2, 160, 000 yuan

C. Over 2, 400, 000 yuan 　　　　　D. 2, 200, 000 yuan or so

3. CYDF collected 700 million yuan with the purpose of _______.

A. reducing dropouts

B. helping homeless orphans

C. supporting the Chinese Team for the coming Atlanta Olympic Games

D. establishing 2, 074 Hope primary schools all over the country

4. We can infer from the text that _______.

A. Every Chinese child has its own special need, so we should pay special attention to each.

　　B. All the children in the poverty-stricken regions of China are too poor to go to school.

　　C. Ever since liberation. the Chinese Communist Party has been concerned (关心) about the growth of the younger generation.

　　D. With the help of UNICEF officials, there are no more dropouts in China.

5. It is possible that this passage was written in _______.

A. 1992 　　　　B. 1996 　　　　C. 1998 　　　　D. 2000

语音知识（共5小题；每题1分，满分5分）

        从 A、B、C和D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。

1. dangerous    A. Canadian    B. January      C. balance       D. advanced

2. exact        A. expert      B. exhibition     C. exercise      D. exist

3. ground      A. house       B. country      C. group        D. cough

4. spare　　    A. fear　　　  B. earn　　　   C. pear　　　    D. beard

5. smooth     A. feather      B. tooth        C. thief         D. warmth

Nineteenth-century writers in the United States, whether they wrote novels, short stories, poems or plays, were powerfully drawn to the railroad in its golden years. In fact, writers responded to the railroads as soon as the first were built in the 1830’s. By the 1850’s, the railroad was a major presence in the life of the nation. Writers such as Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David saw the railroad both as a boon(要求) to democracy(民主国家) and as an object of suspicion. The railroad could be and was a despoiler(掠夺者) of nature, furthermore, in its manifestation of speed and noise. It might be a despoiler of human nature as well. By the 1850’s and 1860’s, there was a great distrust among writer and intellectuals of the rapid industrialization of which the railroad was a leading force. Deeply philosophical historians such as Henry Adams lamented the role that the new frenzy for business was playing in eroding traditional values. A distrust of industry and business continued among writers throughout the rest of the nineteenth century and into the twentieth.

　 For the most part, the literature in which the railroad plays and important role belong to popular culture rather than to the realm of serious art. One thinks of melodramas, boys’ books, thrillers, romances, and the like rather than novels of the first rank. In the railroads’ prime years, between 1890 and 1920, there were a few individuals in the United States, most of them with solid railroading experience behind them, who made a profession of writing about railroading—works offering the ambience of stations, yards, and locomotive cabs. These writers, who can genuinely be said to have created a genre, the “railroad novel”, are now mostly forgotten, their names having faded from memory. But anyone who takes the time to consult their fertile writings will still find a treasure trove of information about the place of the railroad in the life of the United States.

1.The underlined word “it” in the passage refers to______.

　　A. railroad 　　B. manifestation　　 C. speed 　　D. nature

2.In the first paragraph, the author implies that writers’ reactions to the development of railroads were______.

　　A. highly enthusiastic 　 B. both positive and negative　  C. unchanging　 　D. Disinterested

3. According to the passage, the railroad played a significant role in literature in all of the following kinds of books except_______.　

A. thrillers 　 B. boys’ books　　C. romances　　D. important novels

4. The phrase “first rank” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to______.

A. largest category(类别) 　B. highest quality　  C. earliest writers 　D. most difficult language

5. Which of the following topics is the main idea of passage?

A. The role of the railroad in the economy of the USA　

B. Major nineteenth century writers

C. The conflict between expanding industry and preserving nature

D. The railroad as a subject for literature

语音知识（共5小题；每题1分，满分5分）
从 A、B、C和D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。
1. dangerous    A. Canadian    B. January      C. balance       D. advanced
2. exact        A. expert      B. exhibition     C. exercise      D. exist
3. ground      A. house       B. country      C. group        D. cough
4. spare　　    A. fear　　　  B. earn　　　   C. pear　　　    D. beard
5. smooth    A. feather      B. tooth       C. thief        D. warmth