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　　The advantages and disadvantages of a large population have long been a subject of discussion among economists．It has been argued that the supply of good land is limited．To feed a large population, inferior land must be cultivated and the good land worked intensively, each person produces less and this means a lower average income that could be obtained with a smaller population．Other economists have argued that a large population gives more scope for specialization and the development of facilities such as ports, roads and railways, which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand to justify them．

　　One of the difficulties in carrying out a world wide birth control program lies in the fact that official attitudes to population growth vary from country to depending on the level of industrial development and the availability of food and raw materials．In the developing country where a vastly expanded population is pressing hard upon the limits of food, space and natural resources, it will be the first concern of government to place a limit on the birthrate, whatever the consequences may be．In a highly industrialized society the problem may be more complex．A decreasing birthrate may lead to unemployment because it results in a declining market for manufactured goods．When the pressure of population on housing declines, prices also decline and the building industry is weakened．Faced with considerations such as these, the government of a developed country may well prefer to see a slowly increasing population rather than one which is stable or in decline．

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　　What would life be like without television?Would you spend more time 　　1　　, reading, or studying?Well, now it's your chance to turn off your TV and 　　2　　!TV-Turnoff Week is here．

　　The goal of TV-Turnoff Week is to let people leave their TV sets 　　3　　 and participate in activities 　　4　　 drawing to biking．The event was founded by TV-Turnoff Network, a non-profit organization which started the event in 1995．In the 　　5　　, only a few thousand people took part．Last year more than 7.6 million people participated, 　　6　　 people in every state in America and in more than 12 other countries!This is the 11^th year in which 　　7　　 are asking people to “turn off the TV and turn on 　　8　　．”

　　According to the TV-Turnoff Network, the average 　　9　　 in the US spend 　　10　　 time in front of the TV(about 1,023 hours per year)than they do in school(about 900 hours per year)．Too much TV 　　11　　 has made many kids grow fat．　　12　　, in 2001's TV-Turnoff Week, US Surgeon General David Satcher said, “We are raising the most 　　13　　 generation of youngsters in American history．This week is about saving lives．”

　　Over the years, studies have shown that watching a lot of TV 　　14　　 poor eating habits, too little exercise, and violence．Frank Vespe of the TV-Turnoff Network said that turning off the TV “is or 　　15　　, part of a healthy lifestyle”．

　　“One of the great lessons of 　　16　　 TV-Turnoff Week is the realization that 　　17　　 I turn on the TV, I'm deciding not to do something else,” Vespe said．

　　TV-Turnoff Week seems to be making a 　　18　　．Recent US Census(人口普查)data 　　19　　 that about 72 percent of kids under 12 have a limit on their TV time．That's 　　20　　 about 63 percent ten years ago．