Do we think only with the brain? Hardly. The brain is like a telephone exchange. It is the switchboard, but not the whole system. Its function is to receive incoming signals, make proper connections, and send the messages through to their destination. For efficient service, the body must function as a whole.

But where is the “mind”? Is it in the brain or perhaps in the nervous system? After all, can we say that the mind is in any particular place? It is not a thing, like a leg, or even the brain. It is a function, an activity. Aristotle, twenty-three hundred years ago, observed that the mind was to the body what cutting was to the ax. When the ax is not in use, there is no cutting. So it is with the mind. “Mind,” said Charles H. Woolbert, “is what the body is doing.”

If this activity is necessary for thinking, it is also necessary for carrying thought from one person to another. Observe how people go about the business of ordinary conversation. If you have never done this carefully, you have a surprise in store, for good conversationalists are almost constantly in motion. Their heads are continually nodding and shaking sometimes so vigorously that you wonder how their necks can stand the strain. Even the legs and feet are active. As for the hands and arms, they are seldom still for more than a few seconds at a time.

These people, remember, are not making speeches. They are only common people trying to make others understand what they have in mind. They are not conscious of movement. Their speech is not studies. They are just human creatures in a human environment, trying to adapt themselves to a social situation. Yet they converse, not only with oral language, but with visible actions that involve practically every muscle in the body. In short, because people really think all over, a speaker must talk all over if he succeeds in making people think.

67. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A．Bodily Communication                 B．Spoken Language

C．Bodily Actions                             D．Conversations

68. Which of the following statements would the author agree with?

A．Thinking is a social phenomenon

B．Thinking is only a brain function

C．Thinking is a function of the nervous system

D．Thinking is the total sum of bodily activities

69. In communication, it is essential not only to employ speech, but also     .

A．to speak directly to the other person

B．to use the variety of bodily movements

C．to be certain that the other person is listening

D．to pay great attention to the other person’s behavior

70. It can be inferred that the basic function of bodily activity in speech is to    .

A．make the listener feel emotional

B．make the description vivid

C．intensify the speaker’s spoken words

D．carry the speaker’s implied meaning to the listener

71. Which of the following is TRUE?

A．The brain is compared to a telephone exchange.

B．The mind is an activity of the nervous system.

C．Some people remain still while talking to others.

D．Many people move their bodies on purpose while talking.

How do you feel about watching other people work?

Nothing is more refreshing on a warm summer day than watching someone else work.

Right now, I’m sitting on my porch and watching young Beth baling（打捆）the big field on top of the hill. She’s been haying that field for over ten years. I know: I put her on the tractor when she was just twelve years old.

She picked a great day for baling. It’s not too hot, and there’s a nice breeze. On Monday, when she cut the field, it was so hot I thought the corn would start popping in the field. Didn’t stop her, though. She just stuck that big hat on her head, wrapped a wet handkerchief around her neck, and set to work. I remember when I would have done the same thing.

While I’m here sucking a lemonade, Beth is driving the “hay(干草) train,” a tractor pulling a baler and an old wagon. You’d think someone her size would never be able to see over the tractor. But somehow she manages. When she’s finished, her tracks are very straight.

The whole time she’s haying, that dog of hers is working just as hard, running along beside her like he’s afraid she’ll drive away without him. Beth sure knew what she was doing when she trained him.

The way the machine works is pure poetry. Each row is pushed into shape. When just enough hay is in a bale, it is wrapped up and fastened together. A second or so later, the bale comes flying out and into the old wagon. The person who invented that machine sure was some kind of genius.

That’s not to say it works perfectly. Every once in a while a bale misses the mark, especially when you are turning the machine at the end of a row. That means, of course, that you have to go back and pick up those bales and throw them into the wagon.

I can remember when Beth’s mother was her age. She looked an awful lot like Beth does now. Makes a man proud to see his daughter and granddaughter taking such good care of themselves.

Well, I suppose I should get up and fill this glass again. Not much fun sitting here with an empty glass.

56. We can learn from the passage that at some time in the past the author ______.

　 A. bought the tractor for Beth　　 　　　　　　　　　　 B. forced Beth to work at an early age

　 C. worked in the field like Beth　　　　　　 D. trained the dog to help Beth work

57. In the eyes of the author, the sight of Beth baling hay is _______.

　 A. uncommon　　　 B. beautiful　　　　 C. unforgettable　　　 D. changeable　　　

58. Before thrown into the wagon, the hay must be _______.

A. tied up　　　　　 B. dried up　　　　　 C. cut up　　　　　　 D. lined up　

59. Who do you think is telling this story?

A. Beth’s mother.　　 B. Beth’s father. 　　 C. Beth’s grandmother. 　 D. Beth’s grandfather.

   What do we think with? Only the blain? Hardly. The brain is a telephone exchange. It is the switchboard（电话总机）, but not the whole system. Its function（功能）is to receive incoming signals, make proper connections, and send the messages through to their destination（目的地）. For efficient（有效的）service, the body must function as a whole.

　　But where is the“mind”? Is it in the brain? Or perhaps in the nervous system. After all, can we say that the mind is in any particular place? It is not a thing, like a leg, or even the brain. It is a function, an activity. Aristotle, twenty-three hundred years ago, observed that the mind was to the body what cutting was to the ax（斧）. When the ax is not in use, there is no cutting. So with the mind.“Mind,” said Charles H. Woolbert,“is what the body is doing.”

　　If this activity is necessary for thinking, it is also necessary for carrying thought from one person to another. Observe how people go about the business of ordinary conversation. If you have never done this painstakingly, you have a surprise in store, for good conversationalists are almost constantly in motion. Their heads are continually nodding and shaking sometimes so vigorously（有力的）that you wonder how their necks can stand the strain（拉紧）.

　　Even the legs and feet are active. As for the hands and arms, they are seldom still for more than a few seconds at a time.

　　These people, remember, are not making speeches. They are merely common folk trying to make others understand what they have in mind. They are not conscious of（意识到）movement. Their speech is not studied. They are just human creatures in a human environment, trying to adapt（适应）themselves to a social situation. Yet they talk, not only with oral language, but with visible actions that involve（包括）practically every muscle in the body.

　　In short, because people really think all over, a speaker must talk all over if he succeeds in making people think.

(1) Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

[　　]

(2) Which of the following statements would the author agree with?

[　　]

A．Thinking is social phenomenon.

B．Thinking is only a brain function.

C．Thinking is a function of the nervous system.

D．Thinking is the stun total of bodily activity.

(3) In communication, it is necessary not only to employ speech, but also _________.

[　　]

A．to speak directly to the other person

B．to employ a variety of bodily movements

C．to be, certain that the other person is listening

D．to pay great attention to the other person's actions

(4) It can be inferred from the passage that the basic function of bodily activity' in speech is to________.

[　　]

A．make the listener feel moved

B．make the speaker understood

C．emphasize the speaker's spoken words

D．pass the speaker's implied meaning to the listener

(5) Which of the following is TRUE?

[　　]

A．The brain is compared to a telephone exchange.

B．The mind is an activity of the nervous system.

C．Some people remain still while talking to others.

D．Many people move their bodies on purpose while talking.

   What do we think with? Only the blain? Hardly. The brain is a telephone exchange. It is the switchboard（电话总机）, but not the whole system. Its function（功能）is to receive incoming signals, make proper connections, and send the messages through to their destination（目的地）. For efficient（有效的）service, the body must function as a whole.

　　But where is the“mind”? Is it in the brain? Or perhaps in the nervous system. After all, can we say that the mind is in any particular place? It is not a thing, like a leg, or even the brain. It is a function, an activity. Aristotle, twenty-three hundred years ago, observed that the mind was to the body what cutting was to the ax（斧）. When the ax is not in use, there is no cutting. So with the mind.“Mind,” said Charles H. Woolbert,“is what the body is doing.”

　　If this activity is necessary for thinking, it is also necessary for carrying thought from one person to another. Observe how people go about the business of ordinary conversation. If you have never done this painstakingly, you have a surprise in store, for good conversationalists are almost constantly in motion. Their heads are continually nodding and shaking sometimes so vigorously（有力的）that you wonder how their necks can stand the strain（拉紧）.

　　Even the legs and feet are active. As for the hands and arms, they are seldom still for more than a few seconds at a time.

　　These people, remember, are not making speeches. They are merely common folk trying to make others understand what they have in mind. They are not conscious of（意识到）movement. Their speech is not studied. They are just human creatures in a human environment, trying to adapt（适应）themselves to a social situation. Yet they talk, not only with oral language, but with visible actions that involve（包括）practically every muscle in the body.

　　In short, because people really think all over, a speaker must talk all over if he succeeds in making people think.

(1) Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

[　　]

(2) Which of the following statements would the author agree with?

[　　]

A．Thinking is social phenomenon.

B．Thinking is only a brain function.

C．Thinking is a function of the nervous system.

D．Thinking is the stun total of bodily activity.

(3) In communication, it is necessary not only to employ speech, but also _________.

[　　]

A．to speak directly to the other person

B．to employ a variety of bodily movements

C．to be, certain that the other person is listening

D．to pay great attention to the other person's actions

(4) It can be inferred from the passage that the basic function of bodily activity' in speech is to________.

[　　]

A．make the listener feel moved

B．make the speaker understood

C．emphasize the speaker's spoken words

D．pass the speaker's implied meaning to the listener

(5) Which of the following is TRUE?

[　　]

A．The brain is compared to a telephone exchange.

B．The mind is an activity of the nervous system.

C．Some people remain still while talking to others.

D．Many people move their bodies on purpose while talking.

I used to hate being called upon in class mainly because I didn’t like attention drawn to myself. And  1    assigned（指定）a seat by the teacher, I always   2  to sit at the back of the classroom.
All this    3   after I joined a sports team. It began when a teacher suggested I try out for the basketball team. At first I thought it was a crazy   4   because I didn’t have a good sense of balance, nor did I have the   5  to keep pace with the others on the team and they would laugh at me. Without the teacher who kept insisting on my “   6   for  it”, I wouldn’t have decided to give a try.
Getting up the courage to go to the tryouts was only the   7  of it! When I first started  8   the practice sessions (练习赛), I didn’t   9  know the rules of the game, not to mention what I was doing. Sometimes I’d get    10   and take a shot at the wrong direction—which made me feel really stupid.   11  , I wasn’t the only one “new” at the game, so I decided to   12    on learning the game, do my best at each practice session, and not be too hard on myself for the things I didn’t   13  “just yet”.
I practiced and practiced. Soon I knew the  14  and the “moves”. Being part of a team was fun and motivating. Very soon the competitive  15  in me was winning over my lack of confidence. With time, I learned how to play and made friends in the process (过程) — friends who respected my  16   to work hard and be a team player. I never had so much fun!   
With my    17    self-confidence comes more praise (赞扬) from teachers and classmates. I have gone from “   18”in the back of the classroom and not wanting to call attention to myself,    19    raising my hand—even when I sometimes wasn’t and not 100 percent    20   I had the right answer. Now I have more self-confidence in myself.