What exactly is a lie ?Is it anything we say which we know is untrue ?Or is it something more than that ?For example, suppose a friend wants to borrow some money from you. You say “I wish I could help you, but I am short of money myself.” In fact , you are not short of money but your friend is in the habit of not paying his debts and you don’t want to hurt his feelings by reminding him of this. Is this really a lie ?

Professor Jerald Jellison of the University of southern California has made a scientific study of lying. According to him, women are better liars than men, particularly when telling a “white lie”, such as when a woman at a party tells another woman that she likes her dress when she really thinks it’s terrible. However, this is only one side of the story. Other researchers say that men are more likely to tell more serious lies, such as making a promise that they have no intention of carrying out. This is the kind of lie politicians and businessmen are supposed to be particularly skilled at :the lie from which the liar hopes to profit or gain in some way.

Research has been done into the way people’s behavior changes in a number of small, unimportant ways when they lie. It has been found that if they are sitting down at the time, they tend to move about in their chairs more than usual. To the trained observer they are saying “I wish I were somewhere else now”. They also tend to touch certain parts of the face, particularly the nose. One explanation of this may be that lying causes a slight increase in blood pressure. The tip of the nose  is very sensitive to changes and the increased pressure makes it itch.

Another gesture that gives liars away is what the writer Decmond Morris in his book Man Watching calls the “mouth cover”. He says that there are several typical forms of this ,such as covering part of the mouth with the fingers, touching the upper lip or putting a finger of the hand at one side off the mouth. Such a gesture can be understood as an unconscious(未察觉的) attempt on the part of the liar to stop himself from lying.

Of course, such gestures as rubbing the nose or covering the mouth , moving about in a chair can not be taken as proof that the speaker is lying. They simply tend to happen more often in this situation. It is one gesture alone that gives the liar away but a whole number of things , and in particular the context(上下文) which the lie is told.

According to the passage, a white lie seems to be a lie ______.

A. that other people believe   

B. that other people don’t believe

C. told in order not to hurt someone’s feelings

D. told in order to take advantage of someone

Research suggests that women _____.

A. are better at telling less serious lies than men

B. generally lie for more than men do

C. often make promises they intend to break

D. lie at parties more often than men do

Researchers find that when a person tells lies _____.

A. his blood pressure increases measurably

B. he looks very serious

C. he is likely to make some small changes in his behavior

D. he uses his unconscious mind

The writer of the passage______.

A. hates lying      B. enjoys lying           C. often tells a lie        D. tries to study about lying

Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage as a sign of lying ?

A. Touching one’s ears                                    B. Rubbing the nose 

C. Moving in a chair                                   D. Covering the mouth

After the birth of my second child, I got a job at a restaurant. Having worked with an experienced  16   for a few days. I was  17   to wait tables on my own. All went   18   that first week. When Saturday night came, I was luckily  19   the tables not far from the kitchen.  20  , I still felt it a little hard to carry the heavy trays(托盘).

         Before I knew it, the   21   was full of people. I moved slowly,   22   every step. I remember how  23   I was when I saw the tray stand near the tables; it looked different from the one I was   24   on. It had nice handles, which made it  25   to move around. I was pleased with everything and began to   26   I was a natural at this job.

         Then, an old man came to me and said, “Excuse me, dear, my wife and I loved   27   you work. It seems your tray stand has been very   28   to you, but we are getting ready to   29   now, and my wife needs her  30   back.”

         At first his  31   did not get across. “What was he talking about!” Then, I got it. I had set my trays on his wife’s orthopedic walker(助步器). I stood frozen as ice, but my face was   32  . I wanted to get into a hole and   33  .

         Since then, I have learned from many mistakes such as the one I just   34  . I have learned to be more   35   and not to be too sure of myself.

1.A. manager                       B. assistant                           C. cook                                  D. waitress

2.A. promised            B. invited                              C. advised                   D. allowed

3.A. well                      B. quickly                    C. safely                           D. wrong

4.A. left                                 B. shown                               C. brought                            D. given

5.A. However             B. Therefore                        C. Otherwise                 D. Finally

6.A. kitchen                         B. street                                C. restaurant                  D. table

7.A. taking                            B. changing                          C. minding                            D. saving

8.A. angry              B. happy                                 C. sad                                    D. calm

9.A. fixed              B. trained                                 C. loaded                        D. waited

10.A. slower                  B. lighter                                  C. quieter                       D. easier

11.A. believe                 B. agree                              C. regret                     D. pretend

12.A. letting                   B. making                            C. watching                     D. having

13.A. useful                   B. familiar                           C. unusual              D. interesting

14.A. rest             B. order                              C. eat                     D. leave

15.A. bag              B. tray                        C. walker                        D. coat

16.A. message                     B. praise                               C. idea                             D. need

17.A. cold                   B. full of joy                          C. pale                                   D. on fire

18.A. lie                                B. defend                             C. hide                             D. stay

19.A. repeated          B. discovered                      C. corrected                   D. described

20.A. patient                        B. careful                       C. honest                            D. practical

My husband hasn’t stopped laughing about the thing that happened to me. It’s  26   now but it wasn’t that time.

Last Friday, after doing all the family shopping in town, I  27  a rest before catching the train, so I bought a   28  and some chocolate and went to the station coffee shop that was a cheap, self-service place with long   29  to sit at. I put my heavy bag down on the floor, put the newspaper and chocolate on the table to   30  a place and went to get a cup of coffee.

When I came back with the coffee, there was someone in the   31   seat. It was one of those   32  young man, with dark glasses and torn clothes, and hair colored bright  33   at the front, not so unusual these days. What did  34  me was he’d started to eat my chocolate! Naturally, I was annoyed. However, to avoid trouble—then really I was rather uneasy about him—I just    35  down at the front page of the newspaper, tasted my coffee, and took a bit of chocolate. The boy looked at me    36   . then he took another piece of my chocolate. I could hardly   37  it. Still I didn’t want to start an argument. When he took a   38    piece , I felt more  39  than annoyed. I thought, “ Well, I shall have the last piece.” And I  40  it.

The boy gave me a   41   look, and then stood up. As he left, he shouted out, “This woman is mad!” Everyone    42  . That really made me feel silly, but it was    43   when I finished my coffee and got ready to leave. My face went red—as red as his hair when I    44    I’d made a mistake. It wasn’t my chocolate he’d been taking. There was mine, unopened, just under my  45   .

1.A. serious         B. wonderful                  C. funny                     D. exciting

2.A. enjoyed        B. took                        C. had                         D. wanted

3.A. cake                    B. newspaper             C. magazine               D. bag

4. A. chairs                 B. tables                         C. benches         D. beds

5.A. order                  B. find                         C. keep                       D. visit

6.A. very                    B. same                      C. free                        D. next

7.A. wild-looked  B. wild-looking           C. good-looking          D. good-looked

8.A. red               B. black                      C. brown              D. white

9.A. interest        B. surprise                  C. frighten                  D. hurt

10. A. looked              B. lay                          C. sat                          D. put

11.A. eagerly             B. friendly                  C. closely                    D. shyly

12.A. believe        B. hear                       C. notice                     D. stop

13. A. last                   B. big                          C. single                            D. third

14.A. angry                B. lucky                C. happy                     D. curious

15.A. covered             B. threw                         C. got                         D. wrapped

16.A. strange             B. exhausting             C. nervous                  D. pleasant

17. A. agreed       B. promised               C. stared                     D. followed

18.A. better             B. worse                    C. later                     D. easier

19.A. wondered         B. realized          C. decided                  D. recognized

20.A. bags                  B. clothes                   C. book                D. newspaper

阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题四个选项（A,B,C,D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并将答案写在答题卡上。

Sometimes I really doubt whether there is love between my parents. Every day they are very busy trying to __21__ in order to pay the high tuition(学费) for my brother and me. They don’t act in the __22__ ways that I read in books or I see on TV. In their opinion, “I love you” is too __23__ for them to say. Sending flowers to each other on Valentine’s Day is even more out of __24__.

 One day, my mother was sewing a quilt（缝被子）. I sat down beside her. “Mom, I have a question to ask you. Is there __25__ between you and Dad?” I asked her in a very low voice. She didn’t answer immediately. She __26__ her head and continued to sew the quilt.

I was very worried because I thought I had _27_ her. I was _28__ and I didn’t know what I should do. But at last I heard my mother say the following words: “Susan,” she said thoughtfully, “Look at this thread(线)．Sometimes it __29_, but most of it disappears in the quilt. The thread really makes the quilt __30__and durable（耐用的）. If life is a quilt, then love should be a thread．It can hardly be seen __31_, but it’s really there. Love is __32__.”

I listened carefully but I couldn’t__33__ her until the next spring. At that time, my father suddenly __34_ seriously. My mother had to stay with him in the hospital for a month. When they returned from the hospital, they both looked very __35 _. It seemed both of them had had a serious illness. After they were back, every day in the morning and dusk, my mother helped my father __36__ on the country road．

“Dad, how are you feeling now?” I asked him one day.

 “Susan, don’t __37__ me.” he said gently. “To tell you the truth, I just like walking with your mom.”__38__ his eyes, I know he loves my mother deeply.

  Once I thought love meant flowers, gifts and __39__. But from this experience, I understand that love is just __40__ in the quilt of our life. Love is inside, making life strong and warm.

A. keep fit          B. rise early         C. earn money      D. collect money

A. ordinary        B. romantic           C. funny           D. common

A. simple         B. easy               C. relaxing      D. luxurious（奢侈）

A. the question     B. question                C. reach           D. control

A. feeling         B. love             C. quarrel        D. smile

A. raised            B. shook            C. nodded        D. bowed

A. hurt               B. injured                 C. wounded     D. harmed

A. surprised           B. embarrassed（难堪）C. sad        D. regretted

A. happens        B. comes about      C. appears        D. occurs

A. warm          B. cool             C. beautiful        D. strong

A. somewhere and sometime             B. anywhere or anytime

C. more or less                              D. here and there

A. inside          B. outside            C. faraway              D. nearby

A. believe         B. understand      C. recognize      D. realize

A. got sick           B. got stuck        C. got angry      D. became weak

A. healthy                B. pale            C. excited          D. fit

A. jump high       B. go hurriedly      C. run fast        D. walk slowly

A. think about       B. talk with        C. worry about    D. laugh at

A. Reading           B. Seeing            C. Saying          D. Writing

A. fresh roses      B. gold ring       C. sweet kisses    D. beautiful jewelry

A. a thread           B. a needle          C. the cloth      D. the cotton

Rumor (谣言) is the most primitive(原始的) way of spreading stories--- by passing them on from mouth to mouth, but civilized countries in normal times have better sources  of news than rumor. They have radio, television, and newspapers. In times of confusion ( 混乱 ), however, rumor appears and becomes widespread. At such times the different kinds of news are in competition: the press, television, and radio against the grapevine.

   Especially do rumors spread when war requires control on many important matters. The normal news sources no longer give out enough information. Since the people can not learn through legal channels all that they are anxious to learn, they pick up "news" wherever they can and when this happens, rumor grows.

   Rumors are often repeated even by those who do not believe the tales. There is an interest about them. The reason is that the cleverly designed rumor gives expression to something deep in the hearts of the victims -- the fears, doubts, forbidden hopes, or daydreams which they hesitate to voice directly. Pessimistic(悲观的)rumors about defeat and disasters show that the people who repeat them are worried and anxious. Optimistic rumors about record production or peace soon come point to self- satisfaction or confidence--and often to over-confidence.

The author suggests that, in times of confusion, man often_______.

   A. stops regular news services                      B. turns to primitive ways for support

   C. distrusts his fellow man                  D. loses complete control of himself

The underlined word "grapevine" in Paragraph 1 probably means “_______”.

   A. rumor               B. newspaper             C. information            D. time

The author, states that during wartime the regular sources of news provide only _______.

   A. false information           B. optimistic reports    

C. limited information D. pessimistic reports   

Which of the following statements is mentioned as a reason for people to repeat a rumor?

   A. They are too willing to believe.                          

   B. They take an interest in rumor.

   C. They have a strong desire to make a fool of other people.       

D. They find some rumors reflect their own unexpressed beliefs.