完型填空(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)　　

阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从36～55各题的四个选项(A，B，C和D)中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。并将答案写在答题卡上。

Shopping habits in the United Stateshave changed greatly in the last quarter of the 20th century. 　36  in the 1900s most American towns and cities had a Main Street .Main Street was always in the heart of a town. This street was 37  on both sides with many 38  businesses. Here, shoppers walked into stores to look at all sorts of merchandise: clothing, furniture, hardware, groceries. 39   ,some shops offered 40  .These shops included drugstores, restaurants, shoe-repair stores, and barber or hairdressing shops. 　41  in　 the 1950s, a change began to 42  .Too many automobiles had crowded into Main Street 43  too few parking places were 44  shoppers. Because the streets were crowded, merchants began to look with interest at the open spaces 45  the city limits. Open space is what their car-driving customers needed. 　　

And open space is what they got 46  the first shopping centre was built. Shopping centres, or rather malls, 47  as a collection of small new stores 48  crowded city centres. 49  by hundreds of free parking space, customers were drawn away from 50  areas to outlying malls. And the growing 51  of shopping centres led 52   to the building of bigger and better?stocked stores. 53   the late 1970s,many shopping malls had almost developed into small cities themselves. In addition to providing the 54   of one stop shopping, malls were transformed into landscaped parks, 55   benches, fountains, and outdoor entertainment.　　

36.A.As early as     B. Early  C. Early as     D. Earlier　　

37.A.built       B.designed      C.intented       D.lined　　

38.A.varied    B.various C.sorted  D.mixed up　　

39.A.Apart from    B.However     C.In addition  D.As well　　

40.A.medical care  B.food    C.cosmetics    D.services　　

41.A.suddenly B.Abruptly     C.Contrarily   D.But　　

42.A.be taking place      B.take place     C.be taken place       D.have taken place　　

43.A.while     B.yet       C.though D.and then　　

44.A.available for  B.available to  C.used by       D.ready for　　

45.A.over       B.from    C.out of  D.outside　　

46.A.when      B.while   C.since    D.then　　

47.A.started    B.founded      C.set up   D.organized　　

48.A.out of     B.away from   C.next to D.near　　

49.A.Attracted       B.Surprised    C.Delighted    D.Enjoyed　　

50.A.inner      B.central C.shopping     D.downtown　　

51.A.distinction     B.fame    C.popularity   D.liking　　

52.A.on   B.in turn C.by turns      D.further　　

53.A.By  B.During C.In D.Towards　　

54.A.cheapness      B.readiness     C.convenience D.handiness　　

55.A.because of     B.and      C.with     D.provided　　

Family Vs Technology

Modern technology certainly changes family behavior, but does it really damage family life as many people fear? Not necessarily, says Dr. Silva, a professor in Sociology(社会学) at the Open University, she also argues it is wrong to assume technology erodes(腐蚀，侵蚀) the quality of family life.

“There is the idea that technology has an influence on the family and the family suffers. My take is quite different,” she explains. “Technological change happens because people’s lives change. And it is people’s choices of how to live that creates processes of innovation(革新) as well. The family has a role like the economy or like technology itself in changing the world. The imagination is important in driving the things technologists want to find for our daily lives. People desire to see nature as it is, so color television comes about,” she says.

In another case, the increase in working mothers helped create a market for labor-saving kitchen equipment. “The time that women have to shop every day for food is no longer available so there is a need to have a refrigerator for food storage,” says Dr. Silva. “The need to cook that food more easily and quickly, means you have developments in cooking technology like the microwave oven(微波炉). The microwave oven already existed because it was developed for the navy during World War Two but it wasn’t used in ordinary families until the early 1980s.

“Technologies for housework were as important as those for work itself,” she says, “So washing machines, refrigerators and microwave ovens are terribly important. We couldn’t imagine what life would be like if we didn’t have them.” Technological changes in the kitchen have played an important role in the changes of family behavior, creating a new social focus in the home.

“With advanced technology, you can feed the family in an easier manner. People can do housework with less difficulty. But that doesn’t mean that family practices are not important — it’s just a different way of doing things.”

1.What is Dr. Silva’s attitude towards the effect that technology has on family life?

A．Worried.                              B．Optimistic(乐观的).

C．Puzzled.                              D．Uncertain.

2.What causes advances in technology according to Dr. Silva?

A．People’s love for nature.

B．Great changes in people’s way of life.

C．People’s desire to change the world.

D．The wonderful imagination in inventing things.

3.What can we learn from the passage?

A．The microwave oven was first used by working mothers.

B．People cook less because of modern kitchen equipment.

C．Technology has little effect on the changes of family behavior.

D．People need less skill to do housework due to advanced technology.

Family Vs Technology
Modern technology certainly changes family behavior, but does it really damage family life as many people fear? Not necessarily, says Dr. Silva, a professor in Sociology(社会学) at the Open University, she also argues it is wrong to assume technology erodes(腐蚀，侵蚀) the quality of family life.
“There is the idea that technology has an influence on the family and the family suffers. My take is quite different,” she explains. “Technological change happens because people’s lives change. And it is people’s choices of how to live that creates processes of innovation(革新) as well. The family has a role like the economy or like technology itself in changing the world. The imagination is important in driving the things technologists want to find for our daily lives. People desire to see nature as it is, so color television comes about,” she says.
In another case, the increase in working mothers helped create a market for labor-saving kitchen equipment. “The time that women have to shop every day for food is no longer available so there is a need to have a refrigerator for food storage,” says Dr. Silva. “The need to cook that food more easily and quickly, means you have developments in cooking technology like the microwave oven(微波炉). The microwave oven already existed because it was developed for the navy during World War Two but it wasn’t used in ordinary families until the early 1980s.
“Technologies for housework were as important as those for work itself,” she says, “So washing machines, refrigerators and microwave ovens are terribly important. We couldn’t imagine what life would be like if we didn’t have them.” Technological changes in the kitchen have played an important role in the changes of family behavior, creating a new social focus in the home.
“With advanced technology, you can feed the family in an easier manner. People can do housework with less difficulty. But that doesn’t mean that family practices are not important — it’s just a different way of doing things.”
【小题1】What is Dr. Silva’s attitude towards the effect that technology has on family life?

Shopping habits in the United States have changed greatly in the last quarter of the 20th century. 1 in the 1900s most American towns and cities had a Main Street.Main Street was always in the heart of a town.This street was 2 on both sides with many 3 businesses.Here, shoppers walked into stores to look at all sorts of merchandise: clothing,furniture,hardware,groceries. 4 ,some shops offered 5 .These shops included drugstores, restaurants, shoe?repair stores, and barber or hairdressing shops. 6 in the 1950s, a change began to 7 .Too many automobiles had crowded into Main Street 8 too few parking places were 9 shoppers.Because the streets were crowded, merchants began to look with interest at the open spaces 10 the city limits.Open space is what their car?driving customers needed.And open space is what they got 11 the first shopping centre was built.Shopping centres, or rather malls, 12 as a collection of small new stores 13 crowded city centres. 14 by hundreds of free parking space, customers were drawn away from 15 areas to outlying malls.And the growing 16 of shopping centres led 17 to the building of bigger and better?stocked stores. 18 the late 1970s,many shopping malls had almost developed into small cities themselves.In addition to providing the 19 of one?stop shopping, malls were transformed into landscaped parks, 20 benches,fountains,and outdoor entertainment.

1.A.As early as B.Early C.Early as D.Earlier

2.A.built B.designed C.intented D.lined

3.A.varied B.various C.sorted D.mixed up

4.A.Apart from B.However C.In addition D.As well

5.A.medical care B.food C.cosmetics D.services

6.A.suddenly B.Abruptly C.Contrarily D.But

7.A.be taking place B.take placeC.be taken place D.have taken place

8.A.while B.yet C.though D.and then

9.A.available for B.available to C.used by D.ready for

10.A.over B.from C.out of D.outside

11.A.when B.while C.since D.then

12.A.started B.founded C.set up D.organized

13.A.out of B.away from C.next to D.near

14.A.Attracted B.Surprised C.Delighted D.Enjoyed

15.A.inner B.central C.shopping D.downtown

16.A.distinction B.fame C.popularity D.liking

17.A.on B.in turn C.by turns D.further

18.A.By B.During C.In D.Towards

19.A.cheapness B.readiness C.convenience D.handiness

20.A.because of B.and C.with D.provided

完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分．满分30分)

    阅读下面短文，掌握其大意．然后从1—15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Shopping habits in the United States have changed greatly in the last quarter of the 20th century. Early in the 1900s most American towns and cities had a Main Street. Main Street was always in the heart of a town. This street was 1      on both sides with many 2      businesses. Here, shoppers walked into stores to look at all sorts of merchandise: clothing, furniture, hardware, groceries. 3      , some shops offered 4         .These shops included drugstores, restaurants, shoe-repair stores, and barber or hairdressing shops. 5          in the 1950s, a change began to 6        .Too many automobiles had crowded into Main Street while too few parking places were 7      shoppers. Because the streets were crowded, merchants began to look with interest at the open spaces 8      the city limits. Open space is what their car-driving customers needed.

And open space is what they got when the first shopping centre was built. Shopping centres, or rather malls, 9    as a collection of small new stores 10     crowded city centres. 11     by hundreds of free parking space, customers were drawn away from 11 areas to outlying malls. And the growing 12     of shopping centres led 13     to the building of bigger and better stocked stores. By the late 1970s, many shopping malls had almost developed into small cities themselves. In addition to providing the 15     of one stop shopping, malls were transformed into landscaped parks, with benches, fountains, and outdoor entertainment.

 1. A. built    B. designed C. intended D. lined

 2. A. varied   B. various  C. sorted   D. mixed up

 3. A. Apart from   B. However  C. In addition  D. As well

 4. A. medical care B. food C. cosmetics    D. services

 5. A. suddenly B. Abruptly C. Contrarily   D. But

 6. A. be taking place B. take place    C. be taken place   D. have taken place

 7. A. available for    B. available to C. used by  D. ready for

 8. A. over B. from C. out of   D. outside

 9. A. started  B. founded  C. set up   D. organized

10. A. out of   B. away from    C. next to  D. near

11. A. Attracted    B. Surprised    C. Delighted    D. Enjoyed

12. A. inner    B .central  C. shopping D. downtown

13. A. distinction  B. fame C. popularity   D. liking

14. A. on   B. in turn  C. by turns D. further

15. A. cheapness    B. readiness    C. convenience  D. handiness