With the US as a new destination for Chinese group tours, American tourism companies are   41   “cautious optimism” （谨慎的乐观） on their future prospects.  While most in the tourist industry look forward to growth in the number of Chinese tourists, they are also   42  about the high cost of holidays.  Compared with visits to Europe, travel to the US   43   a longer trip and results in higher costs---   44  with oil prices continuing to rise rapidly.  Many tourism insiders believe different tours should be  45  for different types of Chinese tourists.

       On June17 more than 200 Chinese tourists took off from airports in Beijing, Shanghai and Hong Kong in the first group tour of the US.  Yang Wei, a Beijing girl  46  from college, said she expects to see famous landmarks such as the US Capitol, the White House, the Pentagon and the Statue of Liberty.  “The group tour to the US has brought much convenience to the  47  Chinese people,” she said. “Otherwise I cannot imagine a young girl like me can get a visa to America so easily.”  The US  48  only student and business visas to Chinese in the past.  Shao Qiwei, director of China’s National Tourism Administration, said tourism promotes friendship and mutual understanding between the Chinese and American people.  “Not many Chinese people have been to the United States and vice versa,” he said. “Group tours connect the two nations to bring about mutual benefits,” Shao said.

       China’s first group received a warm welcome from the US government and tourism industry.  The Capitol in Washington, D.C．opened a special  49  for Chinese guests.  The US Department of Commerce invited them to visit the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, which prints US currency.  Commerce Secretary Carlos M. Gutierrez gave a dinner in their honor on a passenger ship.

Not only did the students ask for changes in the list of required subjects，but they also demanded the right to choose their courses according to their own taste and future needs．No more fixed programs,no guidance from educators and professors．All they wanted was to get their degree as fast as possible and go to work．
Although the educators didn’t all agree；a majority recognized that time had indeed changed and that education should perhaps adapt itself to the realities of modern society．Colleges and universities revised their programs to include a large number of specialized courses in business，nursing，engineering，and other professional fields．In the 1960s they also added courses requested by the students because they considered them“relevant(相关的)”(Women Studies，Revolution，or Black History)or useful(glass blowing，infant care，slow running，or family life)．The students were granted the right to choose their courses as they wished．Many traditional subjects had to be dropped，including history and foreign languages；the liberal education courses that were still useful were often neglected(忽视)by the students，who didn’t feel like working hard to learn something that was not required for graduation．
Whether the revised programs have helped college graduates to find employment quickly is not clear．But after fifteen or twenty years of experimentation，they have raised a lot of criticism．Some of it comes from the graduates themselves,who discover that their practical knowledge is neither deep nor flexible(灵活的)．As soon as they progress to higher positions，they find that they need management training and more study in their own field．Besides，they feel disabled by their lack of general knowledge,for example，by their ignorance of the language and culture of the foreigners with whom they are doing business. Most of all they suffer from their inability to use English，their own language，easily and properly.
【小题1】The students also demanded      ，besides a change of program.

Not only did the students ask for changes in the list of required subjects，but they also demanded the right to choose their courses according to their own taste and future needs．No more fixed programs,no guidance from educators and professors．All they wanted was to get their degree as fast as possible and go to work．

Although the educators didn’t all agree；a majority recognized that time had indeed changed and that education should perhaps adapt itself to the realities of modern society．Colleges and universities revised their programs to include a large number of specialized courses in business，nursing，engineering，and other professional fields．In the 1960s they also added courses requested by the students because they considered them“relevant(相关的)”(Women Studies，Revolution，or Black History)or useful(glass blowing，infant care，slow running，or family life)．The students were granted the right to choose their courses as they wished．Many traditional subjects had to be dropped，including history and foreign languages；the liberal education courses that were still useful were often neglected(忽视)by the students，who didn’t feel like working hard to learn something that was not required for graduation．

Whether the revised programs have helped college graduates to find employment quickly is not clear．But after fifteen or twenty years of experimentation，they have raised a lot of criticism．Some of it comes from the graduates themselves,who discover that their practical knowledge is neither deep nor flexible(灵活的)．As soon as they progress to higher positions，they find that they need management training and more study in their own field．Besides，they feel disabled by their lack of general knowledge,for example，by their ignorance of the language and culture of the foreigners with whom they are doing business. Most of all they suffer from their inability to use English，their own language，easily and properly.

1.The students also demanded      ，besides a change of program.

2.What was the reaction of the colleges towards the students’demand?

3.Who is it that criticized the new system of education?

4.In the opinion of the critics，the main problems are      .

Not only is astronomy a very old pastime（消遣）, it is also one that ordinary people can do with very cheap equipment. There are two types of astronomers: professional and amateur（业余的）. Often the only difference between them is that amateurs don’t get paid for their work! Amateur astronomers have discovered a lot  of  new and useful things, usually about new asteroid（小行星）or comets, but sometimes about events such as the birth or death of stars. People often think they need an expensive telescope to look at the stars, but in fact all that is needed to get started is a pair of binoculars. However, if one is planning a more ambitious project, them much more expensive equipment will be needed. One famous amateur astronomer is Sir Patrick Moore, who presents “The Sky at Night” at BBC TV, UK.

Binoculars are the best tool for a new astronomer. Many new astronomers start off by buying expensive or poorly-made telescopes, but do not know how to use them. Then they find that they do not know what they are looking at, and soon lose interest and go on to another hobby. A person starting out should first buy a book or a chart showing the constellations（星座）and the most important stars, then take some time to learn and understand the motions（运动）of the earth, the moon, and the planets. Then one can begin to learn about the sky with only eyes, binoculars, and a simple journal like a notebook, taking notes about what is seen.

Other reasons binoculars are so good for beginners are that they don’t cost much, and they can be easily and quickly taken out of their cases without lots of setting up and taking down again, as is done with a telescope. With binoculars, interesting things can be seen, such as the moon’s craters, many star clusters, and the moons of other planets. Binoculars are even better than telescopes for looking at things like the closer galaxies or very bright comets. Once one is familiar with the main star constellations and other main features of the night sky, then it may be time to buy a telescope.

1．The underlined word binoculars is probably a kind of         .

A．a television          B．a telescope            C．a radio               D．a spaceship

2．Which of the following is right according to the passage?

A．An amateur astronomer should buy an expensive telescope.

B．An amateur astronomer can earn a lot of money by observing the stars.

C．An amateur astronomer can do with very cheap equipment.

D．An amateur astronomer can achieve nothing in the field of astronomy.

3．What should new astronomers NOT do when they start out?

A．Go on to another hobby if they meet with some problems.

B．Know some knowledge about the stars first.

C．Understand the motion of the earth, the moon and the planets.

D．Prepare a notebook to take notes about what is seen.

4．What is probably the main idea of this passage?

A．There are two types of astronomers: professional and amateur.

B．Astronomy is much fun.

C．A binocular is a good choice for a new amateur astronomer.

D．A telescope is not necessary at all for astronomers.

5．Which of the following characteristics does not belong to the binoculars?

A．cheap       B．convenient       C．useful       D．better than telescopes

A popular saying goes, “Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me.” However, that’s not really true. Words have the power to build us up or tear us down. It doesn’t matter if the words come from someone else or ourselves --- the positive and negative effects are just as lasting.

We all talk to ourselves sometimes. We’re usually too embarrassed to admit it, though. In fact, we really shouldn’t be because more and more experts believe talking to ourselves out loud is a healthy habit.

This “self-talk” helps us motivate ourselves, remember things, solve problems, and calm ourselves down. Be aware, though, that as much as 77% of self-talk tends to be negative. So in order to stay positive, we should only speak words of encouragement to ourselves. We should also be quick to give ourselves a pat on the back. The next time you finish a project, do well in a test, or finally clean your room, join me in saying “Good job!”

Often, words come out of our mouths without us thinking about the effect they will have. But we should be aware that our words cause certain responses in others. For example, when returning an item to a store, we might use warm, friendly language during the exchange. And the clear will probably respond in a similar manner. Or harsh（刻薄的）and critical language will most likely cause the clerk to be defensive.

Words possess power because of their lasting effect. Many of us regret something we once said. And we remember unkind words said to us! Before speaking, we should always ask ourselves: Is it loving? Is it needed? If what we want to say doesn’t pass this test, then it’s better left unsaid.

Words possess power: both positive and negative. Those around us receive encouragement when we speak positively. We can offer hope, build self-esteem（自尊）and motivate others to do their best. Negative words destroy all those things. Will we use our words to hurt or to heal? The choice is ours.

60．The main idea of the first paragraph is that______.

A. words have a lasting effect on us　 B. inspiring words give us confidence

C. negative words may let us down　 D. not sticks and stones but words will hurt us

61．There is no sense for us to feel embarrassed when we talk to ourselves because _____.

　　　 A. almost everybody has the habit of talking to themselves

　　　 B. talking to ourselves always gives us courage

　　　 C. we can benefit from talking to ourselves

　　　 D. it does no harm to have “self-talk” when we are alone

62．The underlined part in the third paragraph means that we should also timely ______.

　　 A. remind ourselves　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. praise ourselves

　　　 C. make ourselves relaxed　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. give ourselves amusement

63．The author would probably hold the view that ______.

　　　 A. encouraging words are sure to lead to kind offers

　　　 B. negative words may stimulate us to make more progress

　　　 C. people tend to remember friendly words

　　　 D. it is better to think twice before talking to others