摘要: A儿子训练刻苦是因为自己已经隐隐约约地意识到了自己的残疾.即缺乏与生俱来的跑的"能力".

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Outdoor Survival Provides Adventure Worldwide

  Although there are no state controlled survival courses in Britain or the United States,there are various independent organizations offering similar activities.

  Students can take part in outdoor training courses through university clubs and societies.Anyone can register with such groups,which then organize courses,training and trips for all members.

  One of the most popular outdoor training programmes in both the US and Britain,is Outward Bound(户外训练).It was founded in 1941 in Wales and attracts hundreds of thousands of adventurous types every year.

  The courses are intended to broaden minds through experiences that build confidence,self-esteem(自尊)and character.As well as specialist courses such as canoeing, leadership skills and sailing,participants can take part in week long adventure training camps which include a host of sports and survival training education skills.

  Michael Williams,an American student,took part in an Outward Bound course last year.He said:“We learned lots of first aid skills,lots of natural history,lots of environmental facts,and took part in a wildlife preservation programme.Beyond that,my favourite skills learned were sailing and rock climbing.”

  Courses can last up to 40 days and are open to anyone over the age of 14.Students must be in general good health,but do not need to be experienced in outdoor-sports.There is no selection process;everyone is welcome,although new participants are advised to pick a course matching their physical capacity.

  Most of the British courses take place in the Brecon Beacons in Wales.Another similar organization is the UK Survival School,which includes courses on learning to live with the environment,sailing and winter survival.On a basic survival weekend students will learn how to get water and food,how to make fire and cook with it,to find and build a shelter,control survival life support,how to cross rivers,send off a distress signal,and to use compasses by day and night.

  According to the leaders,such adventures are “an awakening,an exploration into the unknown”.Outward Bound believes that participants will “use mind and body traveling some of the Earth’s roughest wilderness areas”.

(1)

From the first paragraph,we know ________.

[  ]

A.

students are not allowed to take courses in the state schools

B.

students can take survival courses in the state schools

C.

survival courses are banned in Britain and the US banned

D.

survival courses are not offered in the state school

(2)

In Britain and the United States,survival courses are popular with ________.

[  ]

A.

old people

B.

young people

C.

dangerous people

D.

weak people

(3)

The advantage of the training courses is that ________.

[  ]

A.

participants can make friends with others

B.

participants can visit some places of interest

C.

participants can experience different adventures

D.

participants can learn how wonderful nature is

(4)

In an Outward Bound course last year,the most exciting experience Michael Williams had was ________.

[  ]

A.

learning first aid skills

B.

collecting facts of environment

C.

rock climbing and sailing

D.

preserving wildlife

(5)

What’s the writer’s purpose to write this passage?

[  ]

A.

To persuade readers to take part in the training courses.

B.

To tell readers the danger of this training course.

C.

To introduce the wonders of the world to readers.

D.

To introduce the training course to readers.

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  Started in 1636, Harvard University is the oldest of all the many colleges and universities in the United States. Yale,Princeton, Columbia and Dartmouth were opened soon after Harvard.
  In the early years, these school were much.alike(*similar).Only young men went to college. All the students studied the same subjects,and everyone learned Latin, Greek and Hebrew. Little was known about science then, and one kind of school could teach everything that was known about the world. When the students graduated(*毕业),most of them became ministers or teachers.
  In 1782, Harvard started a medical school for young men who wanted to become doctors. Later, lawyers could receive their training(*训练)in Harvard's law school. In 1825, besides Latin and Greek, Harvard began teaching modern languages, such as French and German. Soon it began teaching American history.
  As knowledge increased, Harvard and other colleges began to teach many new subjects. Students were allowed to choose the subjects that interested them.
  Today, there are many different kinds of colleges and universities. Most of them are made up of smaller schools that deal with(涉及)special fields of learning. There's so much to learn that one kind of school can't offer it all.


  11.The oldest university in the US is _________.
  A.Yale   B.Harvard   C.Princeton   D.Columbia
  12.From the second paragraph, we can see that in the early years,______.
  A.those colleges and universities were the same
  B.people, young or old, might study in the colleges
  C.students studied only some languages and science
  D.when the students finished their school, they became lawyers or teachers
  13.Modern languages the Harvard taught in 1825 were ________.
  A.Latin and Greek
  B.Latin, Green, French and German
  C.American history and German
  D.French and German
  14.As knowledge increased, colleges began to teach_______.
  A.everything that was known
  B.law and something about medicine
  C.many new subjects
  D.the subjects that interested students
  15.On the whole, the passage is about___________.
  A.how to start a university
  B.the world-famous colleges in America
  C.how colleges have changed
  D.what kind of lesson each college teaches

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