Why does most of the world travel on the right side today? Theories differ, but there’s no doubt that Napoleon was a major influence. The French had used the right since at least the late 18th century. Some say that before the French Revolution, noblemen drove their carriages on the left, forcing the peasants to the right. Regardless of the origin, Napoleon brought right-hand traffic to the nations he conquered, including Russia, Switzerland and Germany. Hitler, in turn, ordered right-hand traffic in Czechoslovakia and Austria in the 1930s. Nations that escaped right-hand control, like Great Britain, followed their left-hand tradition.
The U.S. has not always been a nation of right-hand rivers; earlier in its history, carriage and horse traffic traveled on the left, as it did in England. But by the late 1700s, people driving large wagons pulled by several pairs of horses began promoting a shift to the right. A driver would sit on the rear (后面的) left horse in order to wave his whip with his right hand; to see opposite traffic clearly, they traveled on the right.
One of the final moves to firmly standardize traffic directions in the U.S. occurred in the 20th century, when Henry Ford decided to mass-produce his cars with controls on the left (one reason, stated in 1908; the convenience for passengers exiting directly onto the edge, especially… if there is a lady to be considered). Once these rules were set, many countries eventually adjusted to the right-hand standard, including Canada in the 1920s, Sweden in 1967 and Burma in 1970. The U.K. and former colonies such as Australia and India are among the western world’s few remaining holdouts. Several Asian countries, including Japan, use the left as well — thought many places use both right-hand-drive and left-hand-drive cars.
【小题1】Why did people in Switzerland travel on the right?

阅读下面短文，并根据短文后面的要求答题（请注意答题后的字数要求）

[1] If you are applying for an American higher education, you probably dream of getting into an Ivy League (常青藤联盟) university．The eight schools with the best reputations attract top students from the United States and many other countries． However, on average, the Ivy League schools accept less than 15 percent of applicants．And with the applicants growing in size year on year, it is becoming more and more difficult _________．

[2] So how can you give yourself the best chance of admission?

[3]Having a high school grade point average （GPA） in the top 10 percent of your class and being ranked among the top few students dramatically betters your chances．But although GPA and SAT scores are important, they only tell admission deans（主任）part of the story．

[4] The whole admissions process will single out (挑选出) from a large pool of academically strong applicants the unique individuals．They stand out because they have shown in their interviews a range of virtues (优点) expected of these universities．Take Harvard for example．Although there is no guarantee of admission, the school judges applicants based on 15 additional criteria．

[5] Intellectual curiosity (求知欲) comes first tor almost all admission deans．Schools look to such students because they believe their peers find them stimulating（激励人的）inside and outside the classroom．

[6] Leadership also weighs heavily．The school would rather see an applicant who takes on additional responsibility in one or two areas where he or she is good at, rather than one who is merely "very good" academically．This can mean the class presidency（主席职务）, leading the cheerleading team or being the officer of a student union．

[7] Whether a person has personal warmth and cares about others counts a lot with the admission deans．Writing an essay on a personal experience, like a summer spent raising funds for the earthquake victims or teaching in a local school, can show that a person has qualities in addition to academic experience．

What is the purpose of the passage? （no more than 15 words）

Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

       The universities pay attention to the students with this virtue in that they can inspire their fellow students at school.

Fill in the blank in the first paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (no more than 5 words)

Based on the passage, list three additional criteria for admission besides academic performance．（no more than 10 words）

       ①_________________ ?②_______________ ?③____________________

Translate the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph into Chinese.

阅读下面短文并回答问题,然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上(请注意66至70四个小题后面的词数要求;每题2分，共10分)。
[1]Ashley Power’s mother bought a computer for her when she was eight. When she was thirteen, she was surfing the Internet regularly, but she couldn’t find anywhere for teenagers to meet and talk. And one day she thought, “If I had my own website, I’d make it a really interesting site for teenagers.”
[2]So, when Ashley was sixteen, she launched her own website, called GooseHead. She had no idea how big a success it would be, but three years later, the site was the most successful teen site in the USA! It was getting 100,000 hits every day, and Ashley had about 30 employees.
[3]After a few years, the website closed down. Then Ashley, who lives in Los Angeles, was asked to write a book called The GooseHead Guide to Life. The book is about how to design a website and start a business. It begins with a section called “All About Ashley,” where Ashley tells readers what it is like to be the boss of a company when you are only sixteen. “I was so happy. But it was crazy in a lot of ways. I got very stressed. I mean, I was only sixteen—I didn’t even have a car! If you were sixteen and you had your own company, you’d be stressed, too!”
[4]In an interview Ashley gave advice to teenagers who wanted to start their own business, “Just be strong and have your dreams and work hard at them. And don’t listen when  , because I heard ‘no’ a lot. Just keep going until you hear ‘yes’!”
【小题1】For what purpose did Ashley create GooseHead? (within 10 words)
_________________________________________________
【小题2】What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? (within 6 words)
_____________________________________________________
【小题3】According to Paragraph 3, what did Ashley do after GooseHead closed down?(within 10 words)
_________________________________________________
【小题4】How did Ashley feel as a young boss of a company?(within 5 words)
___________________________________
【小题5】Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words.
______________________________________

根据首字母或中文写出正确的单词形式。
【小题1】The results of this research can be ______ (应用) to new developments in technology.
【小题2】 He suffered a ______ (暂时的) loss of memory so he couldn’t recognize who you were.
【小题3】 At first he didn’t ______（同意）of the decision, but soon he was persuaded.
【小题4】Facing the great disaster, the whole society c______（集中）its attention on rescuing the people in ruin.
【小题5】She is an ______（乐观的）girl and she thinks that everything will become good soon.
【小题6】 The guide told us that there would be a system where the waste was ______（丢弃） of using the principles of ecology.
【小题7】John Snow s______ (怀疑) that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence.
【小题8】How many countries does the UK ______ (由…组成) of ? Three or four?
【小题9】They had no time to a______（筹备、安排）their own wedding, so they had it organized by a company.
【小题10】P______ (早先的) to coming here, I prepared all the documents for you.

阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答案卡相应的位置上

（请注意76至79四个小题后面的词数要求）。

[1] Ashley Power’s mother bought a computer for her when she was eight. When she was thirteen, she was surfing the Internet regularly, but she couldn’t find anywhere for teenagers to meet and talk. And one day she thought, “If I had my own website, I’d make it a really interesting site for teenagers.”

[2]So, when Ashley was sixteen, she launched her own website, called Goosehead. She had no idea how big a success it would be, but three years later, the site was the most successful teen site in the USA! It was getting 100,000 hits every day, and Ashley had about 30 employees.

[3] After a few years, the website closed down. Then Ashley, who lives in Los Angeles, was asked to write a book called The Goosehead Guide to Life. The book is about how to design a website and start a business. It begins with a section called “All About Ashley,” where Ashley tells readers what it is like to be the boss of a company when you are only sixteen. “ I was so happy. But it was crazy in a lot of ways. I got very stressed. I mean, I was only sixteen — I didn’t even have a car! If you were sixteen and you had your own company, you’d be stressed, too！ 

[4] In an interview Ashley gave advice to teenagers who wanted to start their own business, “Just be strong and have your dreams and work hard at them. And don’t listen when _______, because I heard ‘no’ a lot. Just keep going until you hear ‘yes’!”

1.For what purpose did Ashley create GooseHead?(no more than 10 words)

__________________________________________________________________

2.What is the main idea of Paragraph 2？ （no more than 6 words）

__________________________________________________________________

3. According to paragraph 3, what did Ashley do after GooseHead closed down?(no more than 10 words)

__________________________________________________________________

4.How did Ashley feel as a young boss of a company?(no more than 5 words)

__________________________________________________________________

5. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words.

__________________________________________________________________