摘要：过去完成时 1) 概念:表示过去的过去 ----|----------|--------|----> 其构成是had +过去分词构成. 那时以前 那时 现在 2) 用法 a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句.例如: She said she had never been to Paris. 她告诉我她曾去过巴黎. b. 状语从句 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中.发生在先.用过去完成时,发生在后.用一般过去时.例如: When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到达时.小偷们早就跑了. c. 表示意向的动词.如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等.用过去完成时表示"原本-.未能-".例如: We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 那时我们希望你能来.但是你没有来. 3) 过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as.例如: He said that he had learned some English before. 他说过他以前学过一些英语. By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. 到了十二岁那年.爱迪生开始自己谋生. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. 汤姆失望了.因为他到达晚会时.大部分客人已经走了.

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