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The birthrate in Europe has been in a steady decrease since the 1960s. European countries, realizing crisis is at hand, are providing great encouragement for parents to create more babies in the 21st century.
Affairs Ministry concluded last year that, 1 cash encouragement, some women just don't want to be 2 holding the baby. “What we know is that it's good for the 3 if men and women share the burden of having children,” says Soren Kindlund, family policy adviser at the Swedish ministry. 4 Swedish parents can take their paid leave as they wish, men use a mere 12％ of it; 60％ of fathers do not take even a(n) 5 day off work.
Experts fear that the tendency for women to use most of the parental leave could make employers 6 to give young women the permanent jobs they need to qualify for paid maternity leave(产假). In January, Sweden decided to allow new fathers two months' paid leave, with a warming: use it or 7 it.
Kindlund admits that men are under. 8 to stay at work, even though parental pay comes out of the public purse. “It's not popular among bosses and perhaps with other men in the workplace,” he says. “But it's good for the father and for the child if they can 9 a relationship.”
In Norway, a(n) 10 policy has worked wonders. 70％ of dads in Norway now take parental leave, and the birthrate of 1.85 children per woman is one of the highest in Europe.
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| Cloze test. | ||||
| One topic is rarely mentioned in all the talk of improving standards in our schools: the almost complete failure of the foreign-language teaching. As a French graduate who has taught for more than twenty-five years, I believe I have some idea of why the failure is so total. 1 the faults already found out in the education system as a whole-such as child-centred learning. The "discovery" method, and the low expectations by teachers of pupils-there have been several serious 2 which have a direct effect on language teaching. The first is the removal from the curriculum (课程) of the thorough teaching of English 3 . Pupils now do not know a verb from a noun, the subject of a sentence from its object, or the difference between the past, present, or future. Another important error is mixed-ability teaching, or teaching in ability groups so 4 that the most able pupils are 5 and are bored while the least able are lost and 6 bored. Strangely enough, few head teachers seem to be in favour of mixed-ability school football teams. Progress depends on memory, and pupils start to forget immediately they stop having 7 lessons. This is why many people who attended French lessons at school, even those who got good grades, have forgotten it a few years later. 8 they never need it, they do not practise it. Most American schools have accepted what is inevitable and 9 modern languages, even Spanish, from the curriculum. Perhaps it is time for Britain to do the same, and stop 10 resources on a subject which few pupils want or need. | ||||
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the Pacific Ocean. In spite of its location beside the sea, several studies have shown that this region is the
driest place in the world. In the Antofagasta Region of the desert, the average annual rainfall is just 1 mm
and some weather stations have never received rain at all. Atacama is so arid that the surrounding mountains that reach up to 6885 m, have absolutely no glaciers! In the region, the river beds have been dry for over 120,000 years.
However, unlike the Sahara Desert,Atacama is surprisingly not that hot. It has an average daily
temperature between 0'C and 25?! If you find that surprising, you'd be shocked to find out that this desert has lakes!
When there was rainfall in the region (many year ago), this accumulated water created what we now
know as the Salt Lakes. The name of these lakes was given as a result of the effect of the Atacama
environment: the long dry period makes the water evaporate (蒸发),resulting in the higher concentrations of salt in the remaining water.
This region has been tested by scientists to see if life is present in the Atacama soil with the same instruments that would be used to detect life in the soil on Mars! As a result of the soil's similarites to that of
Mars,the Atacama land is used to test instruments for future Mars missions. In addition, the region has
been used in movies as a set for filming Mars scenes, most famously in the television show Space Odyssey: Voyage to the Planets.
The Atacama Desert is truly a unique place, due to its lack of rain as well as its similarities to Mars
.You would think that this place would be a bare ghost town (鬼域), but think again! Many people have
lived here for centuries, giving this desert its own culture and economic significance.
B. Dry.
C. Hot.
D. Long.
B. wetter
C. less famous
D. less hot
B. rainfall in the Atacama Desert.
C. the weather in the Atacama Desert.
D. The current situation of the Salt Lakes.
B. focuses on the soil of Mars
C. explores life in Atacama
D. was filmed in Atacama
B. is as mysterious as Mars
C. is somehow livable
D. has many poor towns
—Young people today earn more and have more freedom to buy what they want.
—_________this, I think that they spend more money on travel.
A. In spite of B. Due to C. In addition to D. As for
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