Teaching children to read well from the start is the most important task of elementary schools．But relying on educators to approach this task correctly can be a great mistake．Many schools continue to employ instructional methods that have been proven ineffective．The staying power of the “look-say” or “whole-word” method of teaching beginning reading is perhaps the most flagrant example of this failure to instruct effectively．

    The whole-word approach to reading stresses the meaning of words over the meaning of letters, thinking over decoding, developing a sight vocabulary of familiar words over developing the ability to unlock the pronunciation of unfamiliar words．It fits in with the self-directed, “learning how to learn” activities recommended by advocates of “open” classrooms and with the concept that children have to be developmentally ready to begin reading．Before 1963, no major publisher put out anything but these “Run-Spot-Run” readers．

    However, in 1955, Rudolf Flesch touched off what has been called “the great debate”  in beginning reading．In his best-seller Why Johnny Can’t Read, Flesch indicted（控诉）the nation’s public schools for miseducating students by using the look-say method．He said – and more scholarly studies by Jeane Chall and Rovert Dykstra later confirmed – that another approach to beginning reading, founded on phonics, is far superior．

    Systematic phonics first teaches children to associate letters and letter combinations with sounds; it then teaches them how to blend these sounds together to make words．Rather than building up a relatively limited vocabulary of memorized words, it imparts a code by which the pronunciations of the vast majority of the most common words in the English language can be learned．Phonics does not devalue the importance of thinking about the meaning of words and sentences; it simply recognizes that decoding is the logical and necessary first step．

1.The author indicts the look-say reading approach because ________．

    A．it overlooks decoding

    B．Rudolf Flesch agrees with him

    C．he says it is boring

    D．many schools continue to use this method

2.One major difference between the look-say method of learning reading and the phonics method is _________．

    A．look-say is simpler

    B．Phonics takes longer to learn

    C．look-say is easier to teach

    D．phonics gives readers access to far more words

3.The phrase “touch-off” （Para 3, Line 1） most probably means _________．

A．talk about shortly                                     B．start or cause

C．compare with                                             D．oppose

Stop  Spam

When I first got an e-mail account ten years ago, I received communications only from family, friends, and colleagues. Now it seems that every time I check my e-mail, I have an endless series of advertisements and other correspondence that do not interest me at all. If we want e-mail to continue to be useful, we need specific laws that make spamming(发送垃圾邮件) a crime.

If lawmakers do not do something soon to prohibit spam, the problem will certainly get much worse. Computer programs allow spammers to send hundreds of millions of e-mails almost instantly. As more and more advertisers turn to spam to sell their products, individual(个人的) e-mail boxes are often flooded with spam e-mails. Would people continue to use e-mail if they had to deal with an annoying amount of spam each time?

This problem is troubling for individuals and companies as well. Many spam e-mails contain computer viruses that can shut down the entire network of a company. Companies rely on e-mail for their employees to communicate with each other. Spam frequently causes failures in their local communications networks, and their employees are thus unable to communicate effectively. Such a situation results in a loss of productivity and requires companies to repeatedly repair their networks. These computer problems raise production costs of companies, which are, in the end, passes on to the consumer.

For these reasons, I believe that lawmakers need to legislate (立法) against spam. Spammers should be fined, and perhaps sent to prison if they continue to disturb people. E-mail is a tool which helps people all over the world to communicate conveniently, but spam is destroying this convenience.

1.What does the underlined word “correspondence” in the Paragraph 1 probably mean?                                                         

  A. messages     B. ideas          C. connections         D. programs

2.According to the text, what is the major cause of the flooding spam?    

  A. Companies rely on e-mail for communications.

B. More people in the world communicate by e-mail.

C. Many computer viruses contain spam e-mail.

D. More advertisers begin to promote sales through spam.

3.According to Paragraph 3, who is the final victim of spam?             

 A. The business                 B. The advertiser        

 C. The employee                D. The consumer

4.What is the purpose of the text?

       A. To inform                 B. To educate                C. To persuade                     D. To instruct

Just up the road from my home is a field, with two horses in it． From a distance，each horse looks like any horse． But if you get closer, you will   36  something quite interesting ——one of the horses is   37 ．

His owner has chosen not to have him put down（杀死）,   38   has made him a safe and comfortable barn（马棚） to    39  ．This is pretty amazing． But if you stand nearby and listen，you will hear the sound of a  40 ．It is coming from a smaller horse in the field．   41  to the horse is a small bell． It  42   the blind friend know where the other horse is，so he can   43  ．        

As you stand and watch these two friends you'll see that the horse with the bell is always  44 the blind horse，and that the blind horse will   45 for the bell and then slowly walk to where the other horse is，trusting he will not be led the  46  way．

When the horse with the bell returns to the shelter of the   47 each evening, he will stop  48  to look back，making sure that the blind friend isn't too   49 behind to hear the bell．

Like the owner of these two horses，the kind people around us do not  50 us away just because we are not perfect or because we have   51  ．Sometimes we are the blind horse，being   52  by the little ringing bell of those who come to  53 us． And we are the guide horse  54 other times, helping others to find their   55  ．

1.                A．doubt          B．notice          C．decide   D．recognize

2.                A．strong          B．deaf           C．blind D．lamb

3.                A．so             B．because        C．but  D．as

4.                A．leave out       B．let out          C．decide on D．live in

5.                A．drum          B．trumpet        C．bell  D．violin

6.                A．Added         B．Attached        C．Turned   D．Applied

7.                A．watches        B．feels           C．lets  D．finds

8.                A．follow          B．smell           C．drive D．instruct

9.                A．getting off       B．leaving out      C．checking on   D．breaking down

10.               A．answer         B．listen          C．blame D．account

11.               A．high           B．wide           C．wrong D．crowded

12.               A．barn           B．hotel          C．camp D．garage

13.               A．suddenly       B．occasionally     C．slightly    D．quickly

14.               A．high           B．deep          C．wide  D．far

15.               A．put            B．throw          C．burn  D．blow

16.               A．fames          B．houses         C．problems  D．treasures

17.               A．cheated        B．punished       C．guided    D．taken

18.               A．beat           B．teach          C．help  D．change

19.               A．on            B．at             C．over  D．among

20.               A．job            B．knowledge      C．justice D．way

You feel happiest when you create a healthy balance between giving and receiving. If you give and give without making time to fill your own needs, then it’s likely you will burn out, or feel upset. When you take and take without giving anything back, you never feel fulfilled, so you are always searching for ways to fill the void in your life.

   The way to create a healthy balance between giving and receiving is to know and then live by your values. I break values up into two groups which I call being and having values. Your being values are the character traits of the ideal person you would like to be. I suggest to my clients that they choose three being values that they are willing to make a commitment to live by. An example of some being values are: kind, loving, generous, inspirational, peaceful, wise and even powerful. By acting on these values you give to others through your actions and you inspire others by being a positive role model. Mastering being these character traits becomes your life purpose.

    Your having values are feelings you need to create in order to be happy. These could be companionship, achievement, support, being valued or financial security. This is what you receive. You take responsibility for filling your own needs by taking steps to create these feelings and conditions in your life.

    When you make a commitment to live by being values, it becomes easier to make conscious choices rather than reactionary ones. If your usual pattern is to talk about your problems, you could choose to think and act like a calm person. A clam person might go for a walk, meditate(沉思), or set a time limit before responding. If your usual pattern is to worry, you could choose to act like a responsible or wise person. In other words, you would act like the person you choose to be-this is the key to personal power.

   When you choose to act on your values, you not only feel good about yourself, you reinforce(加强)your chosen beliefs. Over time acting in this way changes how you see the world, and in turn the way other people think of you.

The main purpose of this passage is to _____

A inform the readers how to be truly happy

B explain to the readers what personal values are

C persuade the readers to make a commitment

D instruct the readers how to make wise choices

According to the text, living by your being values, you would_____

A gain a lot of power                 B fill your own needs

C seek all human virtues              D form positive personality

The underline word “void” in Paragraph 1 means______

A a break of continuity                B an absent of one’s mind

C a feeling of emptiness               D a state of confusion

What can be inferred from the text?

A Having values are better than being values

B A calm person does not choose to complain.

C The way other people think of you decides who you are.

D A responsible person does not care about financial security

As everyone knows, classroom teaching is one of the most important ways that the students learn English. In English classroom teaching, teachers have to arouse the students’ interest so that they may learn better. There are many ways to arouse the students ‘interest; body language is an effective way in English teaching practice.
　　Nowadays, with the reform of English teaching methods, more and more English teachers organize their teaching process in English. That means teachers have to instruct and explain basically in English, and the students also should use English in class contemporarily. However, the students can’t speak English very well. Besides, their vocabulary is limited and their expressive ability is not good enough, either. These limitations have made it difficult to realize the communicative English in class. According to the students’ present level and practical situation, body language is required. For example, if a teacher gives an instruction “You two, please come to the blackboard”, the students can easily understand it if the teacher looks at or points to some two students. Then, the teacher points to the blackboard. The students will carry out the order without obstacles even if they don’t hear the key word “blackboard” clearly.
In the actual English teaching, teachers frequently use body language to improve both the teaching effect and the students’ characters. In school education, body language plays a positive role in building students ‘characters. This is because teachers are usually respected and what the teachers say and do will be possibly imitated by the students. In a word, teachers’ graceful body language helps to improve students’ artistic appreciation and their characters, especially their morality. If students develop wonderful body language, they will surely have a smooth relation with each other. Teachers reflect their affection of body language on the students not only by setting a good example, but also build a bridge between teachers and students. As a matter of fact, teachers’ friendly appearance can greatly encourage students to study enthusiastically. Body language not only motivates students’ interest but also improves the effect of classroom teaching greatly.
As we know, learning English needs practice. The 45 minutes in class is very precious and should be valued, during which the students should practice as much as possible. To make good use of the limited time, teachers should adopt some effective methods. The use of body language cannot only make the students listen more attentively in class, but can also deepen their impression and imagination. Teachers usually have to explain some language points, and at this time, they can also carry out their teaching task easily with the help of body language in the teaching process.