摘要：with的复合结构作独立主格 表示伴随情况时.既可用分词的独立结构.也可用with的复合结构:with +名词+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语.例如: He stood there, his hand raised. = He stood there, with his hand raised.他举手着站在那儿. 典型例题 The murderer was brought in, with his hands behind his back. A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied 答案D. with +名词+分词+介词短语结构.当分词表示伴随状况时.其主语常常用with来引导.由于本句中名词"手"与分词"绑"是被动关系.因此用过去分词.选D. need/want/require/worth 当 need, want, require, be worth后面接doing时.表示的是被动意义.例如: Your hair wants cutting. 你的头发该理了. The floor requires washing. 地板需要冲洗. 典型例题 The library needs , but it'll have to wait until Sunday. A. cleaning B. be cleaned C. clean D. being cleaned 答案A. need +n /to do.need + do.当为被动语态时.还可need + doing. 本题考最后一种用法.选A.如有to be cleaned 则也为正确答案 第六节 各种从句 ?英语中从句包括:名词从句.定语从句.同位语从句和状语从句. 一.名词从句包括主语从句.宾语从句和表语从句. (一)主语从句 考试重点:主语从句常用的连词的用法,it is desirable that引导的主语从句的用法. 在句子中担当主语的是一个从句.这个从句就叫主语从句.主语从句可以由下列连词.连接代词和连接副词引导.且不能省略. 连词:that.whether 连接代词:what.whatever.who.whoever等. 连接副词:when.where.how.why 1.由连词that.whether引导的主语从句. 连词that.whether在主语从句中的作用只是引导主语从句.它在从句中不担任成分.不能省略.且由它们引导的主语从句.多用it做形式主语. (1) was unimportant. A. Whether he enjoyed our dinner or not B. No matter how he enjoyed our dinner C. If he enjoyed our dinner D. What he enjoyed our dinner (2)That the earth is round is true.(It is true that the earth is round.) 地球是圆的. 是个事实. 2.由连接代词和连接副词引导的主语从句 它们分别在从句中担任主语.宾语和状语.不能省略.注意翻译时不能把它们译为疑问句.由它们引导的主语从句.也可以用形式主语it引导. (1)Who let out the news remained unknown.(It remained unknown who let out the news.) 谁泄露了那个消息仍旧无人知道. (2)When we’ll start is not clear.(It is not clear when we’ll start.) 我们何时出发还不清楚. 3.以关系代词what, whatever, whoever-引导的主语从句. What有时可以用来表示the thing which这种意思.引导从句.表示一样东西或一件事情.Who.whom.which.what.可以和ever构成合成词.和what一样引导从句.ever起强调作用.此类句子不能用形式主语it引导.它们在句子中担任成份.不能省略.语序为陈述句的语序. (1) I saw was two men crossing the street. A. What B. Whom C. Who D. That was not the way the event happened. A. Which the press reported B. That the press reported C. what did the press report D. What the press reported (答案:D.主语从句.what在从句中做宾语.) 4.句型It is desirable (suggested, necessary, requested, ordered, proposed, urgent)+that+主语+should. (1)It’s urgent that a meeting before the final decision is made. A. will be arranged B. must be arranged C. be arranged D. would be arranged It is highly desirable that a new president for this university. A. is appointed B. will be appointed C. be appointed D. has been appointed ?虚拟语气在感叹句中的运用 If only引起的感叹句.也要求用虚拟语气.该结构中的动词形式与wish的宾语从句动词形式相同.与现在事实相反.谓语动词用过去式,与将来事实相反.则用would/could+动词原形.与过去事实相反.则用had / could have +过去分词. If only 主语 + 动词过去式 If only he were still alive. 要是他还活着就好了. If only I were five years younger! 要是我能年轻5岁就好了! If only she had never been married. 要是她从没有结婚就好了. ?

网址：http://m.1010jiajiao.com/timu3_id_2473079[举报]