Today, when a man steps on to the moon, or something new and important happens, the world learns about it immediately. What did the newspapers say about that first flight in 1903? Strangely enough, they said hardly anything about it at all. There were only a few reports about it in the papers. These reports said very little. Some of the things they said were not even correct.

　　In 1904 the Wrights built a second machine. They called it "Flyer No. Two". They invited some reporters to a field near Dayton to watch them fly. Unfortunately there was some mechanical （机械的）trouble with the plane and it did not fly at all that day. The newspapermen went away. They were disappointed and did not come back. The Wrights went on with their work. In 1905, they built an even better machine, "Flyer No. Three". They were able to stay upon the air for half an hour and more in the machine and they were able to turn and climb in the air. Farmers and travelers on the road around Dayton often saw them flying. But when these people told newspapermen about it, they refused to believe them.

　　The Wrights offered "Flyer No. Three" to the United States govern ment. The government was not interested. They seemed to think the Wrights wanted money in order to build a plane. They did not understand the Wrights had already done this, and flown it as well. Experts were still saying that mechanical flight was impossible. At the end of 1905, the two brothers took their plane to pieces. The parts were put into a huge wooden box. It seemed nobody was interested.

　　1．The reports about the first flight________

　　　　A. were not carried in any newspaper

　　　　B. said nothing

　　　　C. were quite different from the fact

　　　　D. were not quite correct

　　2．Newspapermen didn't believe what farmers and travelers said because_______

　　　　A. they didn't see "Flyer No. Three" flying

　　　　B. they saw the Wrights failed to fly "Flyer No. Two"

　　　　C. they had never seen a machine that can fly

　　　　D. all the above

　　3．The U. S. government could not understand that __________

　　　　A. the Wrights had already built a machine that could fly

　　　　B. experts still thought flight was impossible

　　　　C. the Wrights wanted more money to build an airplane

　　　　D. "Flyer No. Three" was then in a woken case

　　4．The Wrights took their plane to pieces because ________.

　　　　A. they planned to leave for Europe

　　　　B. nobody was interested

　　　　C. the government didn't give them any money

　　　　D. the newspapermen didn't report their flights

Parents who smoke often open a window or turn on a fan to clear the air for their children, but experts now have identified a related threat to children's health that isn't as easy to get rid of: third-hand smoke。

That's the term being   1   to describe the invisible yet poisonous mixture of gases and particles(颗粒) clinging(依附) to smokers' hair and   2  , not to mention cushions and carpeting, that stays long after second-hand smoke has cleared from a room. The remaining   3  heavy metals, carcinogens(致癌物) and even radioactive materials that young children can get on their hands and take in,   4  if they're crawling or playing on the floor。

Doctors from MassGeneral Hospital for Children in Boston coined the term "third-hand smoke" to   5  these chemicals in a new study that   6  on the risks they pose to infants and children. The study was published in the  7  issue of the journal Pediatrics。

"Everyone knows that second-hand smoke is bad,  8  they don't know about this," said Dr. Jonathan P. Winickoff, the lead author of the study and an assistant professor of pediatrics at Harvard Medical School。

"When their kids are   9  the house, they might smoke. Or they smoke in the car. Or they strap(用带子捆扎) the kid in the car seat in the back and crack the window and   10  , and they think it's okay because the second-hand smoke isn't getting to their  11  . We needed a term to describe these tobacco toxins that aren't  12  ."

The study reported on  13  toward smoking in 1,500 households across the United States. It found that the vast majority of both smokers and nonsmokers were   14  that second-hand smoke is harmful to children. Some 95 percent of nonsmokers and 84 percent of smokers  15  with the statement that "inhaling smoke from a parent's cigarette can   16  the health of infants and children"。

But   17  fewer of those surveyed were aware of the  18  of third-hand smoke. Since the term is so new, the researchers asked people if they agreed with the statement that "breathing air in a room   19  where people smoked yesterday can harm the health of infants and children"。

Only 65 percent of nonsmokers and 43 percent of smokers agreed with that  20  , which researchers interpreted as acknowledgement of the risks of third-hand smoke。

(    ) 1. A. told                 B. discussed   C. used                 D. mentioned

(    ) 2. A. shoes                      B. clothing     C. body                D. mouth

(    ) 3. A. includes           B. covers       C. finds                D. improves

(    ) 4. A. especially         B. specially    C. immediately      D. regularly

(    ) 5. A. name                      B. call           C. explain             D. describe

(    ) 6. A. focused            B. tended       C. tried                 D. worked

(    ) 7. A. later                 B. latest         C. best                  D. previous

(    ) 8. A. but                  B. and           C. however           D. or

(    ) 9. A. alongside          B. out of        C. in                    D. beside

(    ) 10. A. cough             B. talk           C. observe            D. smoke

(    ) 11. A. cars                B. seats          C. kids                 D. windows

(    ) 12. A. visible            B. invisible    C. poisonous         D. concrete

(    ) 13. A. policies          B. attitudes    C. bans                 D. habits

(    ) 14. A. told                B. content      C. confident          D. aware

(    ) 15. A. opposed          B. agreed       C. fought              D. connected

(    ) 16. A. harm              B. destroy      C. improve           D. confuse

(    ) 17. A. quite              B. very          C. far                   D. too

(    ) 18. A. chances          B. risks          C. abilities            D. conditions

(    ) 19. A. tomorrow       B. today               C. yesterday          D. weekend

(    ) 20. A. statement               B. mark         C. discussion         D. prejudice

Today when a man steps onto the moon, or something new and important happens, the world learns about it immediately. What did the newspapers say about that first flight in 1903? Strangely enough, they said hardly anything about it at all. There were only a few reports about it in the papers. These reports said very little. Some of the things they said were not even correct. In 1904 the Rights built a second machine. They called it “Flyer No. Two”. They invited some reporters to a field near Dayton to watch them fly. Unfortunately there was some mechanical trouble with the plane and it did not fly at all that day. The newspapermen went away. They were disappointed and did not come back. The Rights went on with their work. In 1905 they built an even better machine, “Flyer No. Three”. They were able to stay up in the air for half an hour and more in this machine. They were ale to turn and climb in the air. Farmers, travelers on the roads around Dayton often saw them flying. But when these people told newspapermen about it, they refused to believe them.

The Rights offered “Flyer No.Three” to the United States Government. The Government was not interested. They seemed to think the Rights wanted money in order to build an airplane. They did not understand the Rights had already done this, and flown it as well. Experts were still saying that mechanical flight was impossible. At the end of 1905, the two brothers took their plane to pieces. The parts were put into a huge wooden case. It seemed nobody was interested.

1. What does the beginning sentence of the passage suggest?

A. The speed of information spreading today makes it possible to learn the world quickly.

B. People of today are only concerned with space exploration.

C. Reporters of today cover important events in a different way.

D. People in the past didn’t care about the outside world.

2. What can we know about “Flyer No.Three”?

A. The Rights had such a successful flight that it aroused the government’s interest.

B. The Rights were able to fly it for half an hour and even turn and climb in the air.

C. There was something wrong with the craft and it did not fly at all that day.

D. The Rights took the plane to pieces and put it into a wooden case immediately after the flight.

3. When the Rights offered “Flyer No.Three” to the United States Government, the Government_______.

A. decided to build an airport for the brothers

B. showed great interest in the machine

C. didn’t believe in the possibility of the flight

D. asked the brothers to put the machine in a wooden case

4. Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?

A. There were only a few reports about the first successful flight in the papers.

B. Some reporters were invited to watch the second flight experiment.

C. Many people witnessed the successful flight but the newspapermen refused to believe them/

D. Before 1903 no one had ever stepped on the moon.

What do you do if you are hit in the mouth and one of your teeth is knocked out? A dentist(牙医)may be able to put the tooth back in for you, but you have to get to the dentist first．In the meantime, you have to store the tooth so that it will stay healthy．

The simplest thing to do is put the tooth back into your mouth, or you could put it in milk．Frank Courts, a dentist at the University of Florida, worked with other researchers to find the safest way of keeping knocked-out teeth．He tried putting teeth into milk, into water, and into cell-culture medium(细胞培养液)．He also tried, just drying the teeth in the open air．He used teeth that had to be removed from people’s mouths for various reasons．The teeth were put into one of the solutions(溶液)or stored in the air for one hour．Then cells from the root of the teeth were scraped-off the teeth．Dr．Courts and the others then studied how healthy these cells were．

The cell-culture medium worked best to keep a knocked-out tooth healthy outside the mouth．However, few people keep cell-culture medium handy at home or in school．

The next best thing was milk．But Dr．Courts said that the best thing of all was to wash the tooth and put it right back into its socket(牙槽)in the mouth．For some people, though, this is just too painful or upsetting．So milk will do, until you get your tooth (and your mouth)to a dentist．

1.This passage is mainly about              ．

A. how a dentist can save a knocked-out tooth

B. how to keep a knocked-out tooth healthy

C．how Dr．Courts and other researchers made their experiments

D．how to put a knocked-out tooth back into its socket

2.The best way to keep a knocked-out tooth healthy outside the mouth is to store it       .

A．in cell-culture medium    B．in milk     C．in water    D．in the open air

3.Milk can be used instead of cell-culture medium to put a knocked-out tooth in because     ．

A．milk works better to keep the tooth healthy  B．milk causes less pain

C．cell-culture medium is not usually handy    D．cell-culture medium is more expensive

4.“Dr．Courts said that the best of al1 was to wash the tooth and put it right back into its socket in the mouth．”In the sentence, the word “best” means              .

A．cheapest and healthiest                  B．least painful and cheapest

C．quickest and least painful                D．easiest and healthiest

Many Americans have been leaving their cars at home and riding to work on bicycles. Andy Clark is the leader of the League of American Bicyclists. His group supports bicycling for fun, fitness and transportation.

Clark says this is good news for the environment. He says riding a bicycle to work does not burn fossil fuel or creates dangerous pollutions. Experts say the effects are the most important on short trips. The Department of Transportation says fifty percent of Americans drive eight kilometers or fewer to work. Shorter car trips set out more pollution into the air for each kilometer drive. This is because the car engine will set out the harmful air when it warms up before it can work well.

James, a members of Congress (国会), is a strong supporter of bicycle use. He says cities, counties, state governments and state highway transportation agencies are planning the roadways of the future. They are creating roads and paths for bicycles in cities and between communities.

Last year, Portland, the Pacific Northwest city in the state of Oregon, had the highest percentage of bicycle users in the United States. Portland has been doing progressive city planning for many years to create special paths for bike riders.

1. What happened in America now according to the news?

2. Where is Portland?

A. One  of the cities in the USA.    B. One of the counties in the USA.

C. One of the states in the USA.    D. A country in the northwest of the USA.

3.What does the underlined word “harmful” mean in the second paragraph? The closest meaning is “_______”.

4.What is the main idea of the passage?