Children start out as natural scientists, eager to look into the world around them. Helping them enjoy science can be easy; there’s no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment. You only have to share your children’s curiosity(好奇). Firstly, listen to their questions. I once visited a classroom of seven-year-olds to talk about science as a job. The children asked me “textbook questions” about schooling, salary(薪水) and whether I liked my job. When I finished answering, we sat facing one another in silence. Finally I said, “Now that we’re finished with your lists, do you have questions of your own about science?”

After a long pause, a boy raised his hand, “Have you ever seen a grasshopper(蚱蜢) eat? When I try eating leaves like that, I get a stomachache. Why?”

This began a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours.

Secondly, give them time to think. Studies over the past 30 years have shown that, after asking a question, adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer, no time for a child to think. When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more, children give more logical(符合逻辑的), complete and cre ative answers.

Thirdly, watch your language. Once you have a child involved in a science discussion, don’t jump in with “That’s right” or “Very good”. These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behavior(行为). But in talking about science, quick praise can signal that discussion is over. Instead, keep things going by saying “That’s interesting” or “I’d never thought of it that way before”, or coming up with more questions or ideas.

Never push a child to “Think”. It doesn’t make sense, children are always thinking, without your telling them to. What’s more, this can turn a conversation into a performance. The child will try to find the answer you want, in as few words as possible, so that he will be a smaller target(目标) for your disagreement.

Lastly, show; don’t tell. Real-life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program. Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass(放大镜), and they’ll understand why you want them to wash before dinner. Rather than saying that water evaporates(蒸发), set a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop.

According to the passage, children are natural scientists, and to raise their interest, the most important thing for adults to do is _______.

A. to let them see the world around

B. to share the children’s curiosity

C. to explain difficult phrases about science

D. to supply the children with lab equipment

In the last sentenc e of the first paragraph, the word “lists” could best be replaced by ______.

A. any questions                                  B. any problems

C. questions from textbooks            D. any number of questions

According to the passage, children can answer questions in a more logical, complete and creative way if adults ________.

A. ask them to answer quickly

B. wait for one or two seconds after a question

C. tell them to answer the next day

D. wait at least for three seconds after a question

In which of the following paragraph(s) does the author tell us what to say to encourage children in a science discussion?

A. The second and third.

B. The fourth and fifth.

C. The fifth and sixth.

D. The seventh.

The author mentions all of the following techniques for adults to share with their children’s curiosity except that adults should ________.

A. tell their children stories instead of reciting(背诵) facts

B. offer their children chances to see things for themselves

C. be patient enough when their children answer questions

D. encourage their children to ask questions of their own

The common cold is the world's most widespread illness, which is plagues(疫病) that flesh receives.

The most widespread mistake of all is that colds are caused by cold. They are not. They are caused by viruses(病毒) passing on from person to person. You catch a cold by coming into contact, directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one. If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever. But they do not. And in isolated Arctic regions explorers have reported being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes.?

During the First World War soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches(战壕), cold and wet, showed no increased tendency to catch colds.?

In the Second World War prisoners at the notorious Auschwitz concentration camp(奥斯维辛集中营), naked and starving, were astonished to find that they seldom had colds.?

At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in Experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long stretches of time. After taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be with cold water, and then stood about dripping wet in drafty room. Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion. Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.?

If, then, cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more frequent in the winter? Despite the most pains—taking research, no one has yet found the answer. One explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on.?

No one has yet found a cure for the cold. There are drugs and pain suppressors(止痛片) such as aspirin, but all they do is to relieve the symptoms(症状).?

1. The writer offered _______ examples to support his argument.?

A. 4             B. 5            C. 6             D. 3

2. Which of the following does not agree with the chosen passage??

A. The Eskimos do not suffer from colds all the time.?

B. Colds are not caused by cold.?

C. People suffer from colds just because they like to stay indoors.?

D. A person may catch a cold by touching someone who already had one.

3. Arctic explorers may catch colds when ________.

A. they are working in the isolated Arctic regions?

B. they are writing reports in terribly cold weather?

C. they are free from work in the isolated Arctic regions?

D. they are coming into touch again with the outside world

4. The passage mainly discusses ________.

A. the experiments on the common cold  

B. the fallacy about the common cold?

C. the reason and the way people catch colds

D. the continued spread of common colds

The number of the workers in this small company has grown 1000 to 1200．This means it has risen _______ 20 percent．

1. A.
   by
2. B.
   at
3. C.
   to
4. D.
   with

Lose-Win is weak. It’s easy to get stepped on. It’s easy to be the nice guy. It’s easy to give in, all in the name of being a peacemaker.

A girl named Jenny once told me about her   36   in the world of Lose Win during her eighth grade year before she finally broke  37   :

My  38    with my mom all started one day   39    she said to me sarcastically(讽刺地)，“Wow, you’re sure sassy today.” I   40   it so literally (字面地) that then and there I decided to close myself off from her and never   41    back to her. So every time she would say something   42    I disagreed with her I would just say, “Okay,  43    you want, Mom”

But I really got cold quickly. And my   44    began to build. One night I talked to my mom about the school homework and she said, “Oh, that’s   45   ”and then went back to mop the floor.

“Don’t you ever   46   ?”I thought. But I didn’t say anything and stormed off. She had no idea I was   47    upset. She would have been willing to talk to me had I   48    her how important it was to me.

At last, I just blew up. “Mom, this has got to   49   . You tell me everything you want me to do and I just do it because it’s   50    than fighting. Well, I’m sick of it.” This all came as a   51    to her.

After my blowup, we felt like we were   52    all over in our relationship. But it’s getting better all the time. We discuss things now and I always   53    my feeling with her.

If you adopt Lose Win as your basic   54    toward life, then people will wipe their dirty feet on you. You’ll also be   55    your true feelings deep inside. And that’s not healthy.

36.A.wanderings    B.disappointment   C.lessons D.helplessness

37.A.out  B.down   C.up       D.free

38.A.relationship    B.problems     C.quarrels       D.improvement

39.A.as   B.since    C.when   D.before

40.A.regarded B.treated C.received      D.took

41.A.fight      B.struggle       C.talk      D.turn

42.A.even if   B.only if C.as long as    D.as though

43.A.something      B.whatever     C.so much      D.too much

44.A.coldness B.anger   C.disagreement      D.hope

45.A.true B.impossible   C.nice     D.important

46.A.care       B.see       C.say      D.listen

47.A.also B.still      C.even    D.already

48.A.warned   B.shown  C.asked   D.told

49.A.end B.change C.last      D.stop

50.A.worse     B.easier   C.more    D.less

51.A.surprise  B.pleasure      C.gift      D.harm

52.A.going     B.starting       C.thinking      D.reviewing

53.A.share      B.have    C.discuss D.improve

54.A.way       B.method       C.attitude       D.theory

55.A.hurting   B.waking C.storing D.hiding

Eric received training in computer for one year, _____ he found a job in a big company.

A. after that        B. after which          C. after it         D. after this