To get an extra 14 years of life, don't smoke, eat lots of fruits and vegetables, exercise regularly and drink alcohol in a proper amount．That is according to a study published this Monday in the Public Library of Science Medicine Journal．

After tracking more than 20,000 people aged 45 to 79 years in the United Kingdom from about 1993 to 2007, Kay-Tee Khaw of the University of Cambridge and his colleagues found that people who adopted these four healthy habits lived all average of 14 years longer than those who didn't．

“We've known for a long time that these behaviors are good things to do, but we've not seen this benefit before, ”said Susan Jebb, head of Nutrition and Health at Britain's Medical Research Council．“The benefit was also seen regardless of whether or not people were fat and what social class they came from．”

Study participants（参与者）scored a point each for not smoking, regular physical activity, eating five servings of fruits and vegetables a day and moderate alcohol intake．

Public health experts said they hoped the study would inspire governments to introduce policies helping people to adopt these changes．But because the study only observed people rather than testing specific changes, it would be impossible to conclude that people who suddenly adopted these healthy behaviors would surely gain 14 years．

“We can't say that any person could gain 14 years by doing these things, ”said Dr．Tim Armstrong, a physical activity expert at the World Health Organization．“The 14 years is an average across the population of what's theoretically（理论上地）possible．”

“Most people know that things like a good diet matter and that smoking isn't good for them, ”Susan Jebb said．“We need to work on providing people with much more practical support to help them change．”

Which of the following DOESN'T belong to the four healthy habits?

A．Eat five servings of fruits and vegetables a day．

B．Do proper exercise in the morning every day．

C．Drinking alcohol in the proper amount every day．

D．Having a cigarette before going to bed every day．

We can learn from the passage that             ．

A．Susan Jebb did not take part in the study．

B．the study observed people as well as tested specific changes．

C．there's no need for people under 45 to adopt these good habits．

D．only those from first class can benefit from these healthy behaviors．

What can be inferred from the passage?

A．All the people are well aware of the harm of their bad habits．

B．People aged 45 to 70 have bad habits in the United Kingdom．

C．Governments should take measures to help people change their bad habits．

D．People have adopted the four healthy habits after knowing they're good．

What would be the best title for this passage?

A．Smoking and Drinking Cuts You 14 Years

B．How to Live a Much Healthier Life

C．Healthy Habits May Give Extra 14 Years

D．How to Make Your Life Longer Than Others

Students in many countries are learning English. Some of these students are small children. Others are teenagers. Many are adults. Some learn at school, others by themselves. A few learn English by learning the language over the radio, on TV, or in film. One must work hard to learn another language.            

Why do all these people want to learn English? It is difficult to answer this question. Many boys and girls learn English at school because it is one of their subjects required for study. They study their own language and English. Some people learn it because it is useful for their work. Many people learn English for their work. Many people learn English for their higher studies, because at college or university some of their books are in English. Other people learn English because they want to read newspapers or magazines in English.

1.People learn English _______.

A. at school   B. over the radio

C. on TV            D. not all in the same way

2.Different kinds of people want to learn English _______.

A. together with other subjects        B. for different reasons

C. for their work                      D. for higher studies at colleges

3.From this passage we know that _______.

A. we can learn English easily

B. English is very difficult to learn

C. English is learned by most people in the world

D. English is a useful language but one must work hard to learn

4.Which of the following is TRUE?

A. We don't need to learn any foreign languages.

B. We can do well in all our work without English.

C. English is the most important subject in schools.

D. We should learn English because we need to face the world.

We were driving along the village of Simdara. I  36  to my right and saw an old shelter 20 meters from the side of the road that appeared to be filled with  37 .

“Would you mind  38 ?”  I asked the driver Waris. “I think there is a(n)  39 .”

Waris laughed. “No, Greg, that’s actually a public toilet,” explained Waris and he kept  40 .

“But why are there so many kids? What are they doing there? We need to  41 ,” I insisted. The word caught Waris  42  and he stopped the car.

When we reached the shelter, to my surprise, it was  43  a toilet—or at least it had been at one time. The roof was gone now, and the four toilet pits (坑) had been  44  with old boards. There were 25 children between 4 and 5 years old, one  45 , and a wooden board against the wall.

Though having a tough learning environment, the students are quite  46  to chat with us about their class and curriculum (课程). After about ten minutes, the teacher  47  if we might like to see “the rest of the school”. We  48  and followed her up the hill.

Just over the top of the hill, there was an old tent. It was very  49  inside because nearly 100 students were packed like sardines (沙丁鱼). These students were a little  50  , fourth-, and sixth-graders, and all of them were sitting on the ground.  51  the teacher, they were doing extremely well —  52  most of them had no books, paper or even pencils.

We were forced to  53  to catch our plane. We were all  54  and decided to collect money to build a school for these children who had a hunger for  55 .

The ability to memorize things seems to be a vanishing （消失的） technique．So what can we do to bring out brain cells back into action? A newly published book on memory, Moomvalking with Einstein: The Art and Science of Remembering Everything, by American journalist Joshua Foer, makes a telling point, one that is an analysis of the importance of memorising events and stories in human history; the decline of its role in modem life; and the techniques that we need to adopt to restore the art of remembering．

As For points out, we no longer need to remember telephone numbers．Our mobile phones do that for us．We don't recall addresses either．We send emails from computers that store electronic addresses．Nor do we bother to remember multiplication tables （乘法表） ．Pocket calculators do the job of multiplying quite nicely．Museums, photographs, the digital media and books also act as storehouses for memories that once we had to keep in mind．

As a result, we no longer remember long poems or folk stories by heart, feats （技艺） of memory that were once the cornerstones of most people's lives．Indeed, society has changed so much that we no longer know what techniques we should employ to remember such lengthy works．We are, quite simply, forgetting how to remember．

And let's face it, there is nothing sadder than someone who has lost their mobile phone and who finds they cannot even phone home or call their parents or partners because they cannot remember a single telephone number．That is a sad example of loss of personal independence．So, yes, there is a need for us to he able to remember certain things in life．

Therefore, Foer's book outlines the methods that need to be mastered in order to promote our memories and regain the ability to recall long strings of names, numbers or faces．In the process, he adds, we will become more aware of the world about us．

The trick, Foer says, is to adopt a process known as " elaborative encoding", which involves transforming information, such as a shopping list, into a series of "absorbing visual images"．If you want to remember a list of household objects—potatoes, cottage cheese, sugar and other items, then visualise them in an unforgettable manner, he says．Start by creating an image of a large jar of potatoes standing in the garden．Next to it, imagine a giant tub of cottage cheese—the size of an outdoor pool—and then picture Lady Gaga swimming in it．And so on．Each image should be as fantastic and memorable as possible．

Using methods like this, it becomes possible to achieve great feats of memory quite easily, Foer says．It certainly seems to have worked for him: he won the annual US Memory Championships after learning how to memorize 120 random digits in five minutes; the first and last names of 156 strangers in 15 minutes; and a deck of cards in under two minutes．"What I had really trained my brain to do, as much as to memorise, was to be more mindful and to pay attention to the world around," he says．

These techniques employed by Foer to master his memory were developed by Ed Cooke—a British writer and a world memory championship grandmaster．He acted as Foer's trainer during preparations for the book and helped him achieve his championship performances．" Memory techniques do just one thing: they make information more meaningful to the mind, making the things we try to learn unforgettably bright and amusing," said Cooke．

1.Which of the following is conveyed in this article?

2.According to Joshua Foer, people no longer memorize information today because________．

3.One method of memorizing things mentioned in the passage is to ________．

4.The underlined word "visualise" in the last paragraph most probably means "_______"．

5.This passage can be sorted as ________．

A high school history teacher once told us, “If you make one close friend in school, you will be most fortunate. A true friend is someone who stays with you for life."_26_ teaches that he was right. Good friendship is just not easily _27_.

It is possible that we simply do not stay in one place long enough for_28_friendship to _29_. However, there can be_30_disagreement on the need for each of us to think carefully about the kind of friendship we want.

To most of us, friendships are considered very important, but we need to have it clear in our _31_ what kinds of friendship we want. Are they to be close or _32_ at arm's length? Do we want to _33_ourselves or do we want to walk on the surface? For some people, many friendships on the surface are _34_enough—and that' s all right. But at some point we need to 35 that our expectations are the same as our friends' expectations. The sharing of_36_experience _37_ our tears as well as our dark dreams is the surest way to deepen friendships. But it _38_be undertaken(进行) slowly and carried on only if there are _39_of interest and action in return.

　　What are some of the _40_of friendship? The greatest is the attraction to expect too much too soon. Deep relationships _41_time. Another “major difficulty" is the selfishness to think one “possesses" the other, including his time and attention. Similarly, friendships _42_ actions in return. In 43 words, you must give as much as you take. Finally there is a question of taking care of. Unless you spend _44_time together, talking on the phone, writing letters, doing things together, friendships will die _45_?.

1.                A．Knowledge      B．Teachers        C．Experience    D．Parents

2.                A．understood     B．formed         C．realized  D．produced

3.                A．true           B．common        C．deeply   D．actual

4.                A．design          B．intend          C．develop  D．appear

5.                A．no             B．some           C．any  D．none

6.                A．hearts          B．thoughts        C．actions   D．minds

7.                A．remained       B．left            C．kept D．stayed

8.                A．own           B．owe            C．Share    D．spare

9.                A．that            B．very           C．quite     D．not

10.               A．make sure      B．remember      C．expect    D．check out

11.               A．social          B．ordinary        C．good D．personal

12.               A．includes        B．to include       C．including D．included

13.               A．can            B．need           C．will   D．must

14.               A．marks          B．sights          C．sence D．signs

15.               A．difficulties      B．differences      C．advantages     D．things

16.               A．cost           B．spend          C．ask   D．take

17.               A．require         B．request        C．depend   D．suggest

18.               A．some          B．many          C．other     D．different

19.               A．reasonable      B．comfortable     C．less   D．a lot

20.               A．for            B．away           C．out   D．from