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The whole body is covered with skin.The surface of the skin is dead(like the hair and the nails),but it is made from a living layer(层)just under the surface.The outside dead layers wear off(磨损)all the time,with new ones replacing them,and the body forms a totally new skin every three weeks.
The skin protects the body from the outside world and it passes information from the outside.It helps to keep water in the body and to keep the body at the same temperature.Becteria(细菌)can’t get in through the skin unless it is damaged.
If the weather is cold,the blood vessels(血管)in the skin squeeze down,or contract(收缩),so that as little blood as possible comes near the surface.This means that less warmth is lost to the outside.This makes the skin look pale,or even “blue”.At the same time,the hairs on the skin are pulled upright by tiny muscles.
When it is hot,the blood vessels expand(扩大),or get wider again,to allow plenty of blood to run near the surface of the skin.This helps the body to lose heat,and the skin may look red.At the same time,the sweat glands(汗腺)produce more sweat,which cools the skin.
If your skin has ever been numb(麻木的),you will realize how important the feeling from the skin is.Nerves(神经)in the skin are sensitive(敏感的)to heat and cold,sharpness,hardness and softness,wetness and dryness and pain.If one is not able to feel these things,which can act as warnings,he is likely to be burned,cut or hurt in other ways.
The colour of the skin depends on special colour cells(细胞).These are just below the top layers of the skin.They are needed as protection from some harmful ray of the sun.The stronger the sun is,the more important it is to have a dark skin.People with pale skins may “tan”(晒黑)in the sun.This happens when the body produces extra colour cells in the skin for protection.In the sun,the skin produces a vitamin(vitamin D)which is needed for strong bones.
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A.Our hair and nails are dead like the surface of the skin.
B.There is skin all over our body.
C.The skin of our bodies will be completely different in three weeks.
D.The surface of the skin is made of a living layer.
The second paragraph mainly tells us about______.
A.the functions of the skin
B.the information from the outside
C.the water in the body
D.the temperature of the body
Bacteria will get in through the skin______.
A.when one’s skin is numb
B.when one is ill
C.when the skin is cut
D.when the sweat glands produce more sweat
When the weather is cold,the skin will contract in order to______.
A.allow more blood near B.make the skin look blue
C.keep warmth D.help the body lose heat
The colour of the skin is determined by______.
A.the rays of the strong sun B.colour cells
C.top layers of the skin D.vitamin D
查看习题详情和答案>>The manager is always very _______ for appointments, which earns him a good reputation.
A．punctual B．numb C．allergic D．content
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The whole body is covered with skin.The surface of the skin is dead(like the hair and the nails),but it is made from a living layer(层)just under the surface.The outside dead layers wear off(磨损)all the time,with new ones replacing them,and the body forms a totally new skin every three weeks.
The skin protects the body from the outside world and it passes information from the outside.It helps to keep water in the body and to keep the body at the same temperature.Becteria(细菌)can’t get in through the skin unless it is damaged.
If the weather is cold,the blood vessels(血管)in the skin squeeze down,or contract(收缩),so that as little blood as possible comes near the surface.This means that less warmth is lost to the outside.This makes the skin look pale,or even “blue”.At the same time,the hairs on the skin are pulled upright by tiny muscles.
When it is hot,the blood vessels expand(扩大),or get wider again,to allow plenty of blood to run near the surface of the skin.This helps the body to lose heat,and the skin may look red.At the same time,the sweat glands(汗腺)produce more sweat,which cools the skin.
If your skin has ever been numb(麻木的),you will realize how important the feeling from the skin is.Nerves(神经)in the skin are sensitive(敏感的)to heat and cold,sharpness,hardness and softness,wetness and dryness and pain.If one is not able to feel these things,which can act as warnings,he is likely to be burned,cut or hurt in other ways.
The colour of the skin depends on special colour cells(细胞).These are just below the top layers of the skin.They are needed as protection from some harmful ray of the sun.The stronger the sun is,the more important it is to have a dark skin.People with pale skins may “tan”(晒黑)in the sun.This happens when the body produces extra colour cells in the skin for protection.In the sun,the skin produces a vitamin(vitamin D)which is needed for strong bones.
61.Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A.Our hair and nails are dead like the surface of the skin.
B.There is skin all over our body.
C.The skin of our bodies will be completely different in three weeks.
D.The surface of the skin is made of a living layer.
62.The second paragraph mainly tells us about______.
A.the functions of the skin
B.the information from the outside
C.the water in the body
D.the temperature of the body
63.Bacteria will get in through the skin______.
A.when one’s skin is numb
B.when one is ill
C.when the skin is cut
D.when the sweat glands produce more sweat
64.When the weather is cold,the skin will contract in order to______.
A.allow more blood near B.make the skin look blue
C.keep warmth D.help the body lose heat
65.The colour of the skin is determined by______.
A.the rays of the strong sun B.colour cells
C.top layers of the skin D.vitamin D
查看习题详情和答案>>I’m a skeptic(怀疑论者) when it comes to the benefits of taking vitamins and other supplements. We swallow far more than any other country- yet we’re not the healthiest folks by far, nor do we live the longest.
There’s more bad news for vitamins this week: Turns out that takig folic acid(叶酸) and vitamin B12 supplements doesn’t prevent heart attacks or death, according to a major new study in the Journal of the American Medical Association. It was hoped they would, since the vitamins do reduce levels of homocysteine(高半胱氨酸), an amino acid(氨基酸) that is higher in the blood of people who have a higher risk of heart disease. In fact, homocysteine was reduced 30 percent after one year of treatment in the participants who took both vitamins. But in the following three years, just as many vitamin takers died as those who didn’t take the vitamins. Even worse, the study was stopped early because another similar study suggested that there may be an increased risk of cancer from taking B vitamins.
I had been taking a health-food store monster multivitamin(综合维生素剂) for months. Coincidentally, I had been experiencing some strange numbness in my legs that was starting to scare me. I remember sitting in a long meeting with my ankles crossed, and when I tried to stand up I crumpled on the floor and hit my chin on the glass coffee table because my leg had gone completely numb and worthless. As I sat there and shook my leg, I got that “pins and needles” feeling and soon was OK. But it scared me enough to make an appointment with a neurologist, who suggested an MRI to rule out multiple sclerosis, stroke, or a brain tumor(肿).
While I’ll never know for sure if the vitamins caused my problem, many, many studies have reminded us that pill forms of vitamins and minerals don’t provide the same benefit as getting them from food. There’s a lot we don’t know about how the human body works. Until we know more, I’m getting most of my vitamins from the farmer’s market.
49. What can we know from the last paragraph?
A. The writer is getting most of pill forms of vitamins from the markets.
B. The writer continues to take vitamins in great quantities.
C. The writer is getting vitamins from food, which can provide more benefits.
D. The writer will never take pill forms of vitamins and minerals.
50. Why do people take folic acid and vitamin B12 supplements?
They want to stop heart
attacks or live longer.
B. They want to live longer.
C. They want to increase risk of cancer.
D. They want to experience some strange numbness.
51. Which of the following is not true according to the passage?
A. It was the multivitamin he took that caused the writer to get the “pins and needles” feeling.
B. Taking more vitamins will not make a man healthier or live longer.
C. The vitamins can reduce levels of homocysteine in our body.
D. The less homocysteine in our blood, the less chance we’ll have heart attacks.
52. The best title of the passage can be _________.
A. Vitamins: Benefit Us a Lot B. Vitamins: No Help for Your Heart
C. Vitamins: Bad for the Brain, Too D. Some Bad News About Vitamins.
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"Mom, I have to go get help," Maddie cried.
McRae realized it was their only hope. If she tried to go herself, she knew, Maddie wouldn't be able to hold on to the two toddlers（学步婴儿）, and all three children might drown. But Maddie was still recovering from foot surgery and had been out of a cast for only a week. How was she going to manage? They were stranded in the middle of the swelling torrent (激流) in complete darkness, more than 25 feet from the creek bank.
McRae looked at her small, determined daughter. "I'm thinking, this is the last chance I may get to talk to her. What do I need to tell her?" she recalls. "I love you!" she shouted over the roaring water. "I'm proud of you. Be careful!"
"I know I can do it," Maddie replied. The 95-pound sixth grader grabbed a thin, weak branch hanging over the SUV and began to climb across the creek. Reaching the bank, she jumped into "a whole bunch of prickly (多刺的) bushes," then took off running. "I was in my power," she recalls.
With the cold water now swelling up to her chest and her arms growing numb around the two toddlers, McRae could see her daughter's figure as she moved quickly up the hill toward the nearest neighbor's back pasture（牧场）. Suddenly she heard Maddie scream.
"I ran into an electric fence," Maddie recalls. "It really hurt." Barefoot and soaking wet, she tried to climb it four or five times, thrown back each time by a shock meant to contain horses. Finally she found a cold spot near the gate and got over. McRae saw a porch light go on at the top of the hill.
1.The underlined word in the second paragraph can be replaced with “_______”.
A. trapped B. struck C. ranged D. swapped
2.The mother didn’t go to search for help herself in that________.
A. her daughter was more determined
B. her foot was recovering from surgery
C. she was not accustomed to walking in darkness
D. she doubted if Maddie could do with her sisters
3.Which of the following is true of Maddie?
A. She ran all her way in search of help. B. She goes to primary school.
C. She is in the middle of the three sisters. D. She had an operation a fortnight ago.
4.What contributes most to their success according to the author?
A. The whole family’s confidence.
B. The mother’s intelligence and patience
C. McRae’s great determination
D. Mum’s encouragement and daughter’s determination
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